Abstract: The present invention provides adiabatic plug flow reactors suitable for the production of chlorinated and/or fluorinated propene and higher alkenes from the reaction of chlorinated and/or fluorinated alkanes and chlorinated and/or fluorinated alkenes. The reactors comprise one or more designs that minimize the production of by-products at a desired conversion.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a 4-((substituted phenyl)difluoromethyl)phenoxycarboxylic acid derivative and preparation process and use thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a compound of the following formula I, which is defined in the specification. The compounds according to the present invention can be used as PPAR agonists, and demonstrates a strong effect on reducing the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in blood plasma, and thus the compound according to the present invention can be used in the preparation of a medicament for treating or preventing hyperlipoidemia or cardio-cerebrovascular diseases caused by hyperlipoidemia, such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, stroke, coronary heart disease, etc. The present invention also relates to a novel intermediate compound for the preparation of the compound of formula I and preparation method thereof.

Abstract: A driver circuit has a gate drive terminal that produces a gate drive signal to control paralleled power semiconductor switches, such as GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) devices. One of the switches is closest to the gate drive terminal such that its gate drive loop inductance is smaller than the remaining switches that are farther away having a larger loop inductance. An additional resistor or gate-source capacitor is provided in the gate drive circuit of the closest switch which increases the total gate resistance of the closest switch compared to the remaining switches, which delays the turn off time of the closest switch. The delay permits zero voltage switching turn-off of the remaining switches to reduce noise. The closest switch is hard switched off but has the smallest loop inductance, which allows optimized turn off.

Abstract: The hardness of zinc sulfide is increased by adding selective elements within a specified range to the crystal lattice of the zinc sulfide. The increased hardness over conventional zinc sulfide does not substantially compromise the optical properties of the zinc sulfide. The zinc sulfide may be used as a protective coating for windows and domes.

Abstract: A bacterial strain of Actinoplanes sp. and an application thereof. The bacterial strain is named Actinoplanes sp. HS-16-20, whose preservation number is CGMCC No. 7294. The bacterial strain can generate Fidaxomicin, and Fidaxomicin has an inhibitory effect on various gram positive bacteria pathogens, and in particular, on Clostridium difficile.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a disaccharide intermediate and a synthesis method thereof, relates to the chemical pharmaceutical field, and more specifically relates to a method for preparing a disaccharide segment of a key intermediate for chemically synthesizing heparin and heparinoid compounds. Disclosed are a new disaccharide intermediate and three methods for synthesizing the disaccharide intermediate, that is, compounds of a formula (4) and glucopyranose protected by different anomeric carbon are made to react in the presence of an active agent, to obtain the disaccharide intermediate. According to the technical solutions of the present invention, synthetic raw materials are easy to obtain, have a mild reaction condition, and are suitable for industrialized production.

Abstract: A device comprising an electrostatic discharge protection structure, an ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) having a floating gate, and a sensing layer located above the floating gate. The device is configured such that the electrical impedance from the sensing layer to the electrostatic discharge protection structure is less than the electrical impedance from the sensing layer to the floating gate. The device can be fabricated in a standard CMOS process.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously manufacturing organometallic compounds is provided where the apparatus has a source of a first reactant stream wherein the first reactant comprises a metal; a source of a second reactant stream; a laminar flow contacting zone for cocurrently contacting the first reactant stream and the second reactant stream; a mixing zone comprising a turbulence-promoting device; and a heat transfer zone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mixer, an apparatus comprising the mixer and a reactor, and processes incorporating the same. The mixer comprises an inlet (104) to a chamber (102), wherein the chamber inlet angle is less than 90°. The mixer further comprises an expander zone (106) that expands outwardly at an expander angle of less than 90°. The mixer may be coupled to a reactor at its outlet, which may closely approximate the size of the reactor inlet due to the expander (106).

Abstract: A targeting thymidine kinase photosensitizer and pharmaceutical composition and use for cancer treatment thereof is provided, which improves the selectivity of photosensitizers to tumor cells, has better tolerance, can reach maximum blood concentration in 24 hours, has a bigger conjugated system, a longer absorption wavelength and an advantage in treating depth tumors; the wavelength area does not need to consume much energy of a light-output device and even LEDs can be used, which render PDT more practical and economical. The targeting thymidine kinase photosensitizer can be used for diagnosis and for treating prostatic carcinoma via the guidance of fluorescence imaging. The pharmaceutical composition uses a combination of a chemotherapeutic agent and the targeting thymidine kinase photosensitizer, which further improves the therapeutic effect of the PDT method, expands the application range for tumors and has good effects on metastatic tumors as well.

Abstract: The present invention provides a preparation method for (S)-3-(1-(dimethylamino)ethyl)phenyl ethyl(methyl)carbamate, preparation methods for intermediates (S)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-N—((S)-1-phenylethyl)ethanaminium, (S)-1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-N—((S)-1-phenylethyl)ethanaminium and (S)-1-(3-(ethyl(methyl)carbamoyloxy)phenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-N—((S)-1-phenylethyl)ethanaminium, as well as a method for using (S)-1-(3-(ethyl(methyl)carbamoyloxy)phenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-N—((S)-1-phenylethyl)ethanaminium to prepare rivastigmine which can be used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Provided in the present invention are novel benzodioxole derivatives and preparation methods thereof. These compounds represented by formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof have acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, so can be used in the treatment or prevention of Alzheimer's disease. The definitions of R1, R2 and A of formula (I) can be seen in the description.

Abstract: Phenyl propanoic acid compounds having activating effect on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR?,?,?) and a preparation method and uses thereof are provided in the present invention. The compounds can be used for treating or preventing diseases associated with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR?,?,?).

Abstract: Techniques are presented for synchronous rectification control (SRC) of a DC-DC converter in an electrified vehicle (EV) can include determining a required output current for the DC-DC converter based on a secondary voltage of a secondary battery system of the EV, the DC-DC converter being configured to convert a primary voltage from a primary battery system of the EV to the secondary voltage. The techniques can include determining, at the controller, a switching frequency for the DC-DC converter that causes the DC-DC converter to output the required output current. The techniques can include determining turn-on and turn-off delays of the DC-DC converter based on the required output current and the switching frequency using one or more look-up tables. The techniques can also include controlling the DC-DC converter efficiency based on the turn-on and turn-off delays.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) are presented. In an exemplary implementation, phase current ripple estimation techniques are utilized for variable frequency switching pulse-width modulation control of the IPMSM. In one implementation, the method includes controlling a three-phase inverter based on an initial switching frequency to generate a three-phase alternating current (AC) voltage for the IPMSM. Transformed voltages are determined in a rotating reference frame based on the three-phase AC voltage in the stationary reference frame. Current ripples are determined in the rotating reference frame based on the transformed voltages. Phase current ripples are determined in the stationary reference frame based on the current ripples in the rotating reference frame. A modified switching frequency for the three-phase inverter is determined based on the initial switching frequency and the phase current ripples.

Abstract: A power transfer system and method are provided for transferring power from an AC supply outputting an AC voltage. The system includes a controller and a primary rectifier coupled to the controller and to the AC supply for converting the AC voltage to a DC bus voltage. An inverter is coupled with the primary rectifier and the controller for converting the DC bus voltage to a primary AC voltage. A primary coil is connected to the inverter. A secondary coil is in communication with the primary coil for producing an induced AC voltage. A secondary rectifier is connected to the secondary coil for rectifying the induced AC voltage to a secondary DC voltage. At least one sensor is connected to the secondary rectifier for outputting a signal proportional to the secondary DC voltage and the controller is configured to vary the DC bus voltage based on the signal from the sensor.

Abstract: A device comprising an electrostatic discharge protection structure, an ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) having a floating gate, and a sensing layer located above the floating gate. The device is configured such that the electrical impedance from the sensing layer to the electrostatic discharge protection structure is less than the electrical impedance from the sensing layer to the floating gate.

Abstract: A power transfer system and method are provided for transferring power from an AC supply outputting a first AC voltage. The system includes a controller and a matrix converter coupled to the AC supply for converting the first AC voltage to a second AC voltage. A primary coil is connected to the matrix converter and a secondary coil is in communication with the primary coil for producing an induced AC voltage. A secondary rectifier is connected to the secondary coil for rectifying the induced AC voltage to produce a secondary DC voltage. A sensor is coupled to the secondary rectifier and to the controller for monitoring the secondary DC voltage and outputting a proportional signal. The controller is configured to control the matrix converter producing a desired second AC voltage at a desired operating frequency and maintain a predetermined secondary DC voltage in response to the signal from the sensor.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) are presented. In an exemplary implementation, phase current ripple estimation techniques are utilized for variable frequency switching pulse-width modulation control of the IPMSM. In one implementation, the method includes controlling a three-phase inverter based on an initial switching frequency to generate a three-phase alternating current (AC) voltage for the IPMSM. Transformed voltages are determined in a rotating reference frame based on the three-phase AC voltage in the stationary reference frame. Current ripples are determined in the rotating reference frame based on the transformed voltages. Phase current ripples are determined in the stationary reference frame based on the current ripples in the rotating reference frame. A modified switching frequency for the three-phase inverter is determined based on the initial switching frequency and the phase current ripples.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a static mixer (1) with a plurality of nozzles, and more generally, to a mixer and method of use thereof for mixing phosgene and amine with shaped jets or at least two rows of nozzles (15,16) where the second row (16) is used to enrich an area of deficit of the phosgene flow within the static reactive jet mixer (1). Configurations of enriching secondary flow include the use of concentric, eccentric, or offset jets of amine/phosgene, and the use of nozzles with different and irregular geometries to help focus amine/phosgene to a specific area of the principal phosgene flow.