Abstract: A display device includes a first transistor including a first transistor including a light blocking pattern on a substrate, an active pattern on the light blocking pattern, and a gate electrode on the active pattern, a second transistor configured to provide a data voltage to the first transistor in response to a gate signal, and a storage capacitor electrically connected to the gate electrode and the light blocking pattern, and including a first conductive pattern in a same layer as the light blocking pattern, a second conductive pattern on the first conductive pattern and overlapping the first conductive pattern, a third conductive pattern in a same layer as the gate electrode, overlapping the second conductive pattern, and electrically connected to the first conductive pattern, and a fourth conductive pattern on the third conductive pattern, overlapping the third conductive pattern, and electrically connected to the second conductive pattern.

Abstract: A test circuit includes: a metal pattern disposed in a first area; a test gate driver disposed in a second area adjacent to the first area and including a plurality of test stages, each of which outputs a test gate signal; and a plurality of test gate lines overlapping the metal pattern in a plan view, connected to the plurality of test stages, respectively, each including a first metal line and a second metal line connected in series with the first metal line, and which receives the test gate signal.

Abstract: An avatar control device for controlling an avatar to be displayed within a virtual space acquires a face image of a user captured by a camera, acquires initial setting information indicating a reference posture of a face of the user, acquires posture information indicating a posture of the face of the user for the camera on the basis of the face image, and controls forward or backward movement of the avatar within the virtual space on the basis of a distance between the camera and the face of the user indicated in the initial setting information and the posture information; and controls a movement direction of the avatar within the virtual space on the basis of an orientation of the face of the user for the camera.

Abstract: A thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an insulating layer disposed on the gate electrode, and an active layer disposed on the insulating layer, where the active layer includes a perovskite compound represented by the following Formula: AB(1-u)C(u)[X(1-v)Y(v)]3, where A is a monovalent organic cation, a monovalent inorganic cation, or any combination thereof, B is Sn2+, C is a divalent cation or trivalent cation, X is a monovalent anion, Y is a monovalent anion different from X, u is a real number greater than 0 and less than 1, and v is a real number greater than 0 and less than 1.

Abstract: A ternary paraelectric having a Cc structure and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The ternary paraelectric having a Cc structure includes a material having a chemical formula of A2B4O11 that has a monoclinic system, is a space group No. 9, and has a dielectric constant of 150 to 250, wherein “A” is a Group 1 element, and “B” is a Group 5 element. “A” may include one of Na, K, Li and Rb. “B” may include one of Nb, V, and Ta. The A2B4O11 material may be Na2Nb4O11 in which bandgap energy thereof is greater than that of STO. The A2B4O11 material may have relative density that is greater than 90% or more.

Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising a binder resin and a photoinitiator. The binder resin includes a linear or a partially crosslinked copolymer having a plurality of repeating units derived from different acrylate monomers. The copolymer includes a repeating unit having a photoreactive functional group at a side chain and a repeating unit having a siloxane-based functional group at a side chain. The repeating unit has a siloxane-based functional group in a range of about 2% to about 5% of a total weight of the copolymer.

Abstract: In a dicing film, an adhesive strength of an adhesive layer constituting the dicing film may sufficiently decrease after heat treatment, and a semiconductor die may be easily separated from the dicing film. Accordingly, the effect of improving pickup performance of the semiconductor die may be obtained.

Abstract: A display device includes a first transistor including a first transistor including a light blocking pattern on a substrate, an active pattern on the light blocking pattern, and a gate electrode on the active pattern, a second transistor configured to provide a data voltage to the first transistor in response to a gate signal, and a storage capacitor electrically connected to the gate electrode and the light blocking pattern, and including a first conductive pattern in a same layer as the light blocking pattern, a second conductive pattern on the first conductive pattern and overlapping the first conductive pattern, a third conductive pattern in a same layer as the gate electrode, overlapping the second conductive pattern, and electrically connected to the first conductive pattern, and a fourth conductive pattern on the third conductive pattern, overlapping the third conductive pattern, and electrically connected to the second conductive pattern.

Abstract: A display apparatus is disclosed that includes contact holes formed to expose at least a portion of a conductive layer or a semiconductor layer without damage to the surface of the conductive layer or the semiconductor layer, and a method of manufacturing the display apparatus. The display apparatus includes a substrate, a conductive mound arranged on the substrate, a first insulating mound arranged on the substrate, and a semiconductor layer including a first region arranged on the conductive mound, and a second region arranged on the first insulating mound. The second region of the semiconductor layer substantially covers an upper surface of the first insulating mound.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes: a substrate; a pixel circuit layer on the substrate and including a thin-film transistor; a display element layer on the pixel circuit layer and including a display element electrically connected to the thin-film transistor; a color filter layer on the display element layer and including a color filter overlapping the display element and a black matrix having a first side contacting the color filter and a second side extending in an edge direction of the substrate; and a blocking layer between the black matrix and the substrate, wherein a tip end of the blocking layer has no step difference with an end of the black matrix.

Abstract: A method includes receiving an eco-cruise control request that includes a requested cruise control velocity and a velocity tolerance. The eco-cruise control request instructs an drive unit to operate a vehicle at a velocity within the velocity tolerance of the requested cruise control velocity. The method also includes determining a range of candidate cruise control velocities that satisfy the velocity tolerance of the requested cruise control velocity. The method also includes determining an eco-cruise control velocity that maximizes a drive unit efficiency of the drive unit. Here, the eco-cruise control velocity includes one of the candidate cruise control velocities from the range of candidate cruise control velocities.

Abstract: Disclosed are a first memory cell, a second memory cell, and a summing circuit. The first memory cell outputs only one of a first voltage through a first bit line and a second voltage through a second bit line, based on first input data received through a first word line and a second word line and a first weight. The second memory cell outputs only one of a third voltage through the first bit line and a fourth voltage through the second bit line, based on second input data received through a third word line and a fourth word line and a second weight; and the summing circuit generates an output voltage having a level corresponding to a sum of a level of a voltage received through the first bit line and a level of a voltage received through the second bit line.

Abstract: Navigation devices and methods of operation are provided. The navigation device includes a communication unit; a display; an input unit for receiving an input of data; a communication unit; and a controller for controlling operation of the display and the input unit. The controller connects to a data server through the communication unit, requests path setting information to the data server, receives the path setting information from the data server, acquires present position information of the navigation device, acquires a user moving path by reflecting the acquired position information and the received path setting information, and sets the user moving path as a guidance path. In this case, the path setting information is generated in another electronic device or the data server based on user input information input from the another electronic device.

Abstract: Disclosed are a first memory cell, a second memory cell, and a summing circuit. The first memory cell outputs only one of a first voltage through a first bit line and a second voltage through a second bit line, based on first input data received through a first word line and a second word line and a first weight. The second memory cell outputs only one of a third voltage through the first bit line and a fourth voltage through the second bit line, based on second input data received through a third word line and a fourth word line and a second weight; and the summing circuit generates an output voltage having a level corresponding to a sum of a level of a voltage received through the first bit line and a level of a voltage received through the second bit line.

Abstract: Navigation devices and methods of operation are provided. The navigation device includes a communication unit; a display; an input unit for receiving an input of data; a communication unit; and a controller for controlling operation of the display and the input unit. The controller connects to a data server through the communication unit, requests path setting information to the data server, receives the path setting information from the data server, acquires present position information of the navigation device, acquires a user moving path by reflecting the acquired position information and the received path setting information, and sets the user moving path as a guidance path. In this case, the path setting information is generated in another electronic device or the data server based on user input information input from the another electronic device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for driving assistance. The apparatus includes at least one memory configured to store a program for identifying a guardrail, and at least one processor configured to execute the stored program and identify the guardrail based on detection data indicating information about an surrounding environment of a vehicle and behavior data indicating information about behavior of the vehicle, and the at least one processor identifies the guardrail by applying a Gaussian noise model to the detection data.

Abstract: An impurity removal amount prediction method in chemical process is provided. The impurity removal amount prediction method in chemical process according to the embodiments of the present invention comprises making neural network models learn using data from a chemical process and predicting removal amounts of impurities removed in the chemical process using the learned neural network models. The impurities are included in the feed supplied to reactors of the chemical process and are removed by reacting with catalysts disposed in the reactors. The reactors include a first reactor and a second reactor arranged in parallel. The neural network models include a first neural network model applied to the first reactor and a second neural network model applied to the second reactor. The neural network models learn in the direction to minimize the difference between the output data of the first neural network model and the second neural network model.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a substrate and a capacitor structure arranged on the substrate. The capacitor structure includes a plurality of lower electrodes extending in a vertical direction perpendicular to a surface of the substrate and spaced apart from each other, supporters arranged between the plurality of lower electrodes, an upper electrode spaced apart from each of the plurality of lower electrodes, a dielectric layer arranged between each of the lower electrodes and the upper electrode, and a plurality of particles each in contact with the dielectric layer and arranged between each of the plurality of lower electrodes and the upper electrode.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a substrate including a display area, in which a plurality of pixels are arranged, and a peripheral area outside the display area, a data line arranged in the display area and extending in a first direction, a first semiconductor pattern disposed on the data line and extending in a second direction crossing the first direction, a gate line disposed on the first semiconductor pattern and extending in the first direction to cross the first semiconductor pattern, and an anchor located at an end portion of the gate line and having a width greater than a width of the gate line.

Abstract: A substrate treating apparatus, including a process chamber having a bottom portion configured to secure a substrate while a substrate treating process is performed on the substrate; and a dielectric window arranged at an upper portion of the process chamber to define a process space, and including: an insulative body, an antenna disposed on an upper surface of the insulative body, a protection layer disposed on a lower surface of the insulative body, and an etch resistor protruding from at least a portion of the protection layer toward the process space, wherein, based on power being applied to the antenna, a plasma is generated in the process space, and wherein the insulative body is protected from the plasma by the protection layer and the etch resistor.