Abstract: A method for controlling valve timing of a turbo engine may include: classifying by a controller control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load, and the control regions may include first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth control regions. The method further includes: applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and controlling a valve overlap in the first control region; applying the maximum duration to the intake valve and exhaust valve in the second control region; advancing an intake valve closing (IVC) timing and an exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in the third control region; approaching the IVC timing to a bottom dead center in a fourth control region; controlling a wide open throttle valve (WOT) in the fifth control region; and controlling the WOT and the IVC timing to reduce the knocking in the sixth control region.

Abstract: A continuous variable valve duration apparatus may include: a camshaft; a cam unit on which a cam is formed, and the camshaft inserted to the cam; an inner wheel for transmitting rotation of the camshaft to the cam unit; a wheel housing into which the inner wheel is rotatably inserted and movable perpendicular to the camshaft; a guide shaft on which a guide screw thread is formed and disposed perpendicular to the camshaft; a worm wheel formed with an inner screw thread for engaging with the guide screw thread, and the worm wheel disposed within the wheel housing; and a control shaft on which a control worm for engaging with the worm wheel is formed.

Abstract: A driving thin-film transistor can include a substrate; a first active layer disposed on the substrate and including a first protruding portion; a second active layer overlapping with the first active layer and including a second protruding portion; a gate electrode disposed between the first active layer and the second active layer; a source electrode connected to the first protruding portion of the first active layer; and a drain electrode connected to the second protruding portion of the second active layer, in which the first protruding portion of the first active layer and the second protruding portion of the second active layer are located at different positions.

Abstract: A portable x-ray device for producing x-rays may include a housing; an exposure device enclosed by the housing to generate x-rays; a slide switch connected to the exposure device being movable between a first position and a second position; a first trigger to activate the exposure device when the slide switch is in the first position being positioned on a first side of the housing; a second trigger to activate the exposure device when the slide switch is in the second position being positioned on a second opposed side of the housing.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for controlling valve timing of continuous variable valve duration engine. The method includes: classifying control regions depending on engine speed and engine load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and controlling valve overlap between the intake valve and an exhaust valve in a first control region; applying the maximum duration to the intake valve and reducing the valve overlap by using exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in a second control region; advancing intake valve closing (IVC) timing according to an increase of the engine load in a third control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened and controlling the EVC timing to an angle after top dead center in a fourth control region; and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened and controlling the IVC timing according to the engine speed in a fifth control region.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an optical sensor includes forming a reflective metal layer on a substrate, forming an insulator layer on the reflective metal layer, inducing self-assembly of a metal nanostructure layer on the insulator layer, and selectively etching the insulator layer through a reactive ion etching process to form a plurality of pillars and a plurality of spaces defined by the plurality of pillars. The method for manufacturing a plasmonic optical sensor according to this embodiment facilitates the formation of nanostructures difficult to pattern and form on the large scale at a low cost, and provides a plasmonic optical sensor with repeatability.

Abstract: A wheel resonator for reducing a resonance phenomenon inside a tire of a vehicle may include a plurality of wheel resonators mounted to a tire wheel. First and second wheel resonators of the plurality of wheel resonators are fixed with each other by a fastening part including a protrusion disposed on an end of the first wheel resonator penetrating through a hole disposed in an end of the second wheel resonator. An end portion of the protrusion has a size greater than a size of the hole. As such, quality of a wheel through more reliable noise reduction by making a wheel resonator in a manner of forming a fitting type fastening part in the wheel resonator itself and fixing the wheel resonator by ultrasonic welding can be improved.

Abstract: A continuous variable valve duration apparatus may include a camshaft, a cam device on which a cam is formed, of which the camshaft is inserted thereto and of which a relative phase angle with respect to the camshaft is variable, an internal bracket transmitting rotation of the camshaft to the cam device, a wheel housing in which the internal bracket is rotatably inserted and on which a guide groove parallel to the camshaft is formed, a control portion including a control shaft disposed parallel to the camshaft and inserted into the guide groove, and the control portion selectively rotating the control shaft for the relative position of the wheel housing with respect to the camshaft to be changed and a slider housing interposed between the control shaft and the guide groove.

Abstract: Disclosed in various examples of the present application is an electronic device comprising: first and second conductive patterns electrically connected to a communication circuit; a conductive material electrically connected between the first and second conductive patterns; a third conductive pattern spaced apart in a first direction from the first and/or second conductive patterns; and a fourth conductive pattern spaced apart in a second direction opposite to the first direction from the first and/or second conductive patterns, wherein each of the first and second conductive patterns comprises a first part of a first width and a second part of a second width wider than the first width, and the conductive material is arranged on at least a portion of the second part of the first conductive pattern and the second part of the second conductive pattern.

Abstract: A method for performing normalization of at least one piece of unstructured data is provided. The method includes steps of: (a) a computing device parsing or supporting other device to parse at least some unstructured data under a parsing rule; (b) the computing device selecting or supporting other device to select item names corresponding to individual fields extracted from the unstructured data through the parsing and verifying or supporting other device to verify a validity of data types corresponding to the individual fields; (c) the computing device creating or supporting other device to create information on transformation of the unstructured data by referring to the item names and the data types and transforming or supporting other device to transform the unstructured data based on the information; and (d) the computing device creating or supporting other device to create a program code for the normalization based on the information.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine. The method may include: classifying a plurality of control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve in a first control region; maintaining the maximum duration of the intake valve and controlling a valve overlap by using exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in a second control region; advancing intake valve closing (IVC) timing in a third control region; controlling the IVC timing to be close to bottom dead center (BDC) in a fourth control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened and generating a scavenging phenomenon in a fifth control region; and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened and controlling the IVC timing to prevent knocking in a sixth control region.

Abstract: A method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine may include: classifying a plurality of control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and controlling a valve overlap between an exhaust valve and an intake valve by using an exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in a first control region; advancing an intake valve closing (IVC) timing and applying a maximum duration to the exhaust valve in a second control region; advancing the IVC timing and the EVC timing in a third control region; controlling the EVC timing in a fourth control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened and controlling the IVC timing in a fifth control region; and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened and advancing the IVC timing in a sixth control region.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine, including: classifying a plurality of control regions based on engine load and speed; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and a long duration to an exhaust valve in a first control region; maintaining a maximum valve overlap in a second control region; advancing intake valve closing (IVC) timing and exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in a third control region; applying a short duration to the exhaust valve and controlling the IVC timing to bottom dead center in a fourth control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened, and controlling the IVC timing to an angle after BDC in a fifth control region; and applying the long duration to the exhaust valve, and controlling the IVC timing to prevent knocking in a sixth control region.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine. The method may include: classifying a plurality of control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve in a first control region; maintaining the maximum duration of the intake valve and controlling a valve overlap by using exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in a second control region; advancing intake valve closing (IVC) timing in a third control region; controlling the IVC timing to be close to bottom dead center (BDC) in a fourth control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened and generating a scavenging phenomenon in a fifth control region; and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened and controlling the IVC timing to prevent knocking in a sixth control region.

Abstract: A method for detecting a preset type of real-time event is provided. The method includes steps of: (a) a server loading or supporting other server to load a detection policy; and (b) the server detecting or supporting other server to detect an event in real-time from multiple input data by referring to the detection policy.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for transmitting audio data to multiple external devices by an electronic device. Using a wireless communication circuit of the electronic device, a first wireless channel is established with a first external device. Using the wireless communication circuit, a second wireless channel is established with a second external device. A processor of the electronic device selects a codec supported by both the first external device and the second external device from among a plurality of codecs for processing audio data stored in a memory of the electronic device. The processor processes the audio data using the selected codec. Using the wireless communication circuit, the processed audio data is transmitted to the first external device via the first wireless channel and to the second external device via the second wireless channel using the wireless communication circuit.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display device can include a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines crossing each other to define a plurality of pixels; and an OLED and a pixel driving circuit for independently driving the OLED in each pixel, in which the pixel driving circuit includes a switching thin film transistor (TFT) and a driving TFT, a gate electrode of the switching TFT is connected to one of the plurality of gate lines, a first electrode of the switching TFT is connected to one of the plurality of data lines, a second electrode of the switching TFT is directly connected to a gate electrode of the driving TFT, a first electrode of the driving TFT is directly connected to the one of the plurality of gate lines, a second electrode of the driving TFT is connected to an anode of the OLED, and a cathode of the OLED is connected to a low-potential power line, and the one of the plurality of gate lines applies a scan power signal including a scan pulse corresponding to a gate on volta

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine. The method includes: classifying control regions based on engine speed and load; retarding intake valve closing (IVC) timing, applying a long duration to an exhaust valve, and limiting a valve overlap in a first control region; advancing the IVC timing, applying the long duration to the exhaust valve, and controlling the valve overlap in a second control region; applying the long duration to the exhaust valve and advancing the IVC timing in a third control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened and applying a short duration to the exhaust valve in a fourth control region; and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened, applying the long duration to the exhaust valve, and retarding the IVC timing in a fifth control region.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine. The method may include: classifying a plurality of control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve in a first control region; maintaining the maximum duration of the intake valve and controlling a valve overlap by using exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in a second control region; advancing intake valve closing (IVC) timing in a third control region; controlling the IVC timing to be close to bottom dead center (BDC) in a fourth control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened and generating a scavenging phenomenon in a fifth control region; and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened and controlling the IVC timing to prevent knocking in a sixth control region.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing polycrystalline silicon thin-film solar cell by a method of crystallizing a large-area amorphous silicon thin film using a linear electron beam, and the technical problem to be solved is to crystallize an amorphous silicon thin film, which is formed on a low-priced substrate, by means of an electron beam so as for same to easily be of high quality by having high crystallization yield and to be processed at a low temperature.