Abstract: A control method using a continuous variable duration apparatus provided to adjust opening duration of an intake valve of an engine includes: determining a reduction amount of a compression ratio to prevent knocking, when knocking of an engine is expected, setting a desired effective compression ratio required for the reduction amount of the effective compression ratio, setting desired duration for the set desired effective compression ratio, and controlling duration of the intake valve on the basis of the set desired duration.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine. The method may include: classifying a plurality of control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve in a first control region; maintaining the maximum duration of the intake valve and controlling a valve overlap by using exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in a second control region; advancing intake valve closing (IVC) timing in a third control region; controlling the IVC timing to be close to bottom dead center (BDC) in a fourth control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened and generating a scavenging phenomenon in a fifth control region; and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened and controlling the IVC timing to prevent knocking in a sixth control region.

Abstract: A method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine may include: classifying a plurality of control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and controlling a valve overlap between an exhaust valve and an intake valve by using an exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in a first control region; advancing an intake valve closing (IVC) timing and applying a maximum duration to the exhaust valve in a second control region; advancing the IVC timing and the EVC timing in a third control region; controlling the EVC timing in a fourth control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened and controlling the IVC timing in a fifth control region; and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened and advancing the IVC timing in a sixth control region.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine. The method includes: classifying control regions based on engine speed and load; retarding intake valve closing (IVC) timing, applying a long duration to an exhaust valve, and limiting a valve overlap in a first control region; advancing the IVC timing, applying the long duration to the exhaust valve, and controlling the valve overlap in a second control region; applying the long duration to the exhaust valve and advancing the IVC timing in a third control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened and applying a short duration to the exhaust valve in a fourth control region; and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened, applying the long duration to the exhaust valve, and retarding the IVC timing in a fifth control region.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for suppressing vocoder noise are provided. In the method, first information and second information are received from a channel decoder, the first information indicating whether a decoded data frame has an error and the second information being a channel quality metric, error concealment voice decoding is performed on the decoded data frame if the first information indicates that no channel decoding error has been generated and the second information is smaller than a predetermined first threshold, and normal voice decoding is performed on the decoded data frame if the first information indicates that no channel decoding error has been generated and the second information is equal to or larger than the first threshold.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing polycrystalline silicon thin-film solar cell by a method of crystallizing a large-area amorphous silicon thin film using a linear electron beam, and the technical problem to be solved is to crystallize an amorphous silicon thin film, which is formed on a low-priced substrate, by means of an electron beam so as for same to easily be of high quality by having high crystallization yield and to be processed at a low temperature.

Abstract: A method for operating an electronic device may include: outputting audio data to be reproduced through an output device connected thereto. A user input for a device change is detected and a reproduction request information is generated including at least one of audio information and output information corresponding to the audio data. The reproduction request information is transmitted to another electronic device communicatively connectable to the output device.

Abstract: The method for controlling valve timing of an engine includes: classifying control regions; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and a long duration to an exhaust valve in a first control region; advancing Intake Valve Closing timing, applying the long duration to the exhaust valve, and maintaining a maximum valve overlap in a second control region; applying the long duration to the exhaust valve and advancing the IVC timing and Exhaust Valve Closing timing in a third control region; applying a short duration to the exhaust valve and controlling the EVC timing in a fourth control region; controlling a throttle valve, applying the short duration to the exhaust valve, and retarding Exhaust Valve Opening timing in a fifth control region; and controlling the throttle valve and the EVC timing, applying the long duration to the exhaust valve, advancing the EVO timing in a sixth control region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a water treatment apparatus that includes a head including an inlet portion into which water flows, an outlet portion from which water is discharged externally, and a connection portion connected to the inlet portion and the outlet portion, and a water treatment unit connected to the connection portion, including a plurality of water treatment sections, coupled to the head, and configured such that a portion of the water flowing into the inlet portion passes through the plurality of water treatment sections and sequentially, the remainder of the water passes through only a portion of the plurality of water treatment sections and, and the water flows to the outlet portion together.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine. The method may include: classifying a plurality of control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and controlling a valve overlap between the intake valve and an exhaust valve in a first control region; maintaining the maximum duration of the intake valve and applying a maximum duration to the exhaust valve in a second control region; maintaining a manifold absolute pressure (MAP) at a predetermined pressure in a third control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened and generating the valve overlap in a fourth control region; and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened and controlling intake valve closing (IVC) timing according to the engine speed in a fifth control region.

Abstract: The method for controlling valve timing for a turbo engine includes: classifying control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and applying a long duration to an exhaust valve in a first control region; applying the maximum duration to the intake and applying the long duration to the exhaust valve in a second control region; applying the long duration to the exhaust valve and advancing an intake valve closing (IVC) timing in the third control region; applying a short duration to the exhaust valve and controlling the IVC timing in the fourth control region; controlling a wide open throttle valve (WOT) and applying the short duration to the exhaust valve in the fifth control region; controlling a WOT and controlling the IVC timing by applying the long duration to the exhaust valve in the sixth control region.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for controlling valve timing of continuous variable valve duration engine. The method includes: classifying control regions depending on engine speed and engine load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and controlling valve overlap between the intake valve and an exhaust valve in a first control region; applying the maximum duration to the intake valve and reducing the valve overlap by using exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in a second control region; advancing intake valve closing (IVC) timing according to an increase of the engine load in a third control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened and controlling the EVC timing to an angle after top dead center in a fourth control region; and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened and controlling the IVC timing according to the engine speed in a fifth control region.

Abstract: A method for controlling valve timing of an engine includes: classifying control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load, and applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and controlling a valve overlap in the first control region; advancing an intake valve closing (IVC) timing and applying the maximum duration to the exhaust valve in the second control region; advancing both the IVC timing and an exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in the third control region; fixing an exhaust valve opening (EVO) timing and approaching the EVC timing to a top dead center (TDC) in the fourth control region; controlling a wide open throttle valve (WOT) and retarding the EVO timing in the fifth control region; and controlling the WOT, advancing the EVO timing, and approaching the EVC timing to the TDC in the sixth control region.

Abstract: A system and a method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine including classifying control regions depending on engine speed and load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and a long duration to an exhaust valve and limiting an overlap; applying the maximum duration to the intake valve and the long duration to the exhaust valve, and adjusting the overlap according to the engine load; applying the long duration to the exhaust valve, fixing an exhaust valve open timing and an exhaust valve close timing, and advancing an intake valve close timing according to an increase of engine load; controlling a wide open throttle valve and applying a short duration to the exhaust valve; and controlling a wide open throttle valve, applying the long duration to the exhaust valve, delaying the intake valve close timing according to an increased engine speed.

Abstract: A method for controlling valve timing for an engine includes: classifying a plurality of control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and controlling an exhaust valve to limit a valve overlap in a first region; controlling the intake valve and the exhaust valve to maintain the maximum duration in a second region; advancing an intake valve closing (IVC) timing and an exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in a third region; approaching the IVC timing to a bottom dead center (BDC) in a fourth region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened, advancing an intake valve opening (IVO) timing before a top dead center (TDC), and controlling the IVC timing to be a predetermined value after the BDC in a fifth region; and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened and advancing the IVC timing in a sixth region.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine, including: classifying a plurality of control regions based on engine load and speed; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and a long duration to an exhaust valve in a first control region; maintaining a maximum valve overlap in a second control region; advancing intake valve closing (IVC) timing and exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in a third control region; applying a short duration to the exhaust valve and controlling the IVC timing to bottom dead center in a fourth control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened, and controlling the IVC timing to an angle after BDC in a fifth control region; and applying the long duration to the exhaust valve, and controlling the IVC timing to prevent knocking in a sixth control region.

Abstract: A method for controlling valve timing of a turbo engine may include classifying a plurality of control regions depending on an engine load and an engine speed, applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and controlling a valve overlap between an exhaust valve and the intake valve in a first control region, maintaining the maximum duration of the intake valve in a second control region, advancing an intake valve closing (IVC) timing and an exhaust valve closing (EVC) timing in a third control region, controlling the IVC timing to be close to bottom dead center (BDC) in a fourth control region, controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened and retarding an exhaust valve opening (EVO) timing in a fifth control region, and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened and controlling the IVC timing to prevent knocking in a sixth control region.

Abstract: A system and a method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine that simultaneously controls duration and timing of the valve by mounting a continuous variable valve duration device on an intake of turbo engine and mounting a continuous variable valve timing device on an exhaust is disclosed. The method includes: classifying a plurality of control regions depending on engine speed and load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and limiting an overlap to an exhaust valve; applying the maximum duration to the intake valve and adjusting the overlap by using an exhaust valve close timing; advancing an intake valve close timing; approaching an intake valve close timing to bottom dead center; controlling a wide open throttle valve and controlling the intake valve close timing to after bottom dead center; and controlling the wide open throttle valve and advancing the intake valve close timing.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and a method for controlling valve timing of a continuous variable valve duration engine. The method may include: classifying a plurality of control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load; retarding an intake valve closing (IVC) timing and limiting a valve overlap between an intake valve and an exhaust valve in a first control region; advancing the IVC timing and applying a maximum duration to the exhaust valve in a second control region; advancing the IVC timing according to an increase of the engine load in a third control region; controlling a throttle valve to be fully opened and advancing the IVC timing in a fourth control region; and controlling the throttle valve to be fully opened and retarding the IVC timing in a fifth control region.

Abstract: A method for controlling valve timing is provided for an engine including a continuous variable valve duration device disposed on an intake valve side, and a continuous variable valve duration device and continuous variable valve timing device disposed on an exhaust valve side. The method includes: classifying first, second, third, fourth, and fifth control regions depending on an engine speed and an engine load; applying a maximum duration to an intake valve and controlling a valve overlap in the first control region; applying the maximum duration to the intake valve and exhaust valve in the second control region; controlling a manifold absolute pressure (MAP) of an intake manifold to be maintained consistently in the third control region; controlling a wide open throttle valve (WOT) and retarding an exhaust valve opening (EVO) timing in the fourth control region; and controlling the WOT and retarding an intake valve closing (IVC) timing in the fifth control region.