Abstract: There is provide an image encoding method including transforming an image block into a first latent representation based on an invertible neural network, transforming the first latent representation into a second latent representation based on a non-invertible neural network, estimating a probability distribution of the first latent representation, and performing entropy encoding on the first latent representation based on the probability distribution by using an entropy encoder.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a display area and a non-display area surrounding the display area, a light emitting structure disposed on the substrate in the display area, a thin film encapsulation layer disposed on the light emitting structure, an optical structure including a first refractive pattern and a second refractive pattern, and a partition wall disposed on the substrate in the non-display area and surrounding the second refractive pattern. The first refractive pattern is disposed on the thin film encapsulation layer, and overlaps the light emitting structure. The second refractive pattern covers the first refractive pattern, has a refractive index smaller than a refractive index of the first refractive pattern, and includes an organic material.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a display area and a non-display area surrounding the display area, a light emitting structure disposed on the substrate in the display area, a thin film encapsulation layer disposed on the light emitting structure, an optical structure including a first refractive pattern and a second refractive pattern, and a partition wall disposed on the substrate in the non-display area and surrounding the second refractive pattern. The first refractive pattern is disposed on the thin film encapsulation layer, and overlaps the light emitting structure. The second refractive pattern covers the first refractive pattern, has a refractive index smaller than a refractive index of the first refractive pattern, and includes an organic material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing a positive electrode for a lithium-sulfur battery including: (1) mixing a sulfur-carbon composite and a binder to prepare a slurry for a positive electrode active material; (2) applying the slurry for the positive electrode active material to one surface of the current collector; (3) a first drying step of drying the current collector, to which the slurry is applied, using hot air and medium wave infrared radiation; and (4) a second drying step of drying the current collector, to which the slurry is applied, using a laser heat source after the first drying step (3).

Abstract: An apparatus and method of providing a contextual-information-based service are provided. The method includes acquiring information of at least one content posted through a first service based on information on activities of the first service of a user, transmitting the acquired information on the at least one content to a terminal, when any one of the information on the at least one content is selected by the terminal, generating at least one route information for arrival at a time of forming a similar environment to an environment when content corresponding to the selected content information is generated, based on contextual information of the content corresponding to the selected content information, and transmitting the generated at least one route information to the terminal.

Abstract: A hydrogen production system according to the present invention can reduce the power consumed for hydrogen production, has no consumption of cell potential, and can produce hydrogen even by spontaneous reaction to show high hydrogen production efficiency. Furthermore, a composite electrode separator according to the present invention is configured such that an electrode part, a gas-liquid diffusion layer, and a separation plate as a plurality of parts are integrated into one element while the hydrogen production system is included in the electrode part, so that the application of the composite electrode separator to a stack can reduce the number of parts applied to the stack to simplify stack assembling and reduce the stack volume and can increase the operation current density due to a reduction in electrolyte resistance, thereby enabling high-efficiency and high-current driving.

Abstract: A display panel includes a transmission area, a boundary area adjacent to the transmission area, a display area adjacent to the boundary area, an overcoat layer in the boundary area, a light emitting element in the display area, a first refractive layer on the light emitting element and including the same material as the overcoat layer, and a second refractive layer on the first refractive layer and having a refractive index less than a refractive index of the first refractive layer.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate; a transistor disposed on the substrate; a pixel electrode connected to the transistor; a bank layer disposed on the pixel electrode having a pixel opening overlapping the pixel electrode; an emission layer disposed in the pixel opening; a common electrode disposed on the emission layer and the bank layer; an encapsulation layer disposed on the common electrode; a sensing electrode disposed on the encapsulation layer; a first insulator disposed on the encapsulation layer to overlap the pixel opening; a second insulator disposed outside the first insulator; and a third insulator disposed outside the second insulator. The first insulator has a first refractive index, the second insulator has a second refractive index, and the third insulator has a third refractive index, and the first refractive index, and wherein the second refractive index, and the third refractive index are different from each other.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing a positive electrode for a lithium-sulfur battery including: (1) mixing a sulfur-carbon composite and a binder to prepare a slurry for a positive electrode active material; (2) applying the slurry for the positive electrode active material to one surface of the current collector; (3) a first drying step of drying the current collector, to which the slurry is applied, using hot air and medium wave infrared radiation; and (4) a second drying step of drying the current collector, to which the slurry is applied, using a laser heat source after the first drying step (3).

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate; a transistor disposed on the substrate; a pixel electrode connected to the transistor; a bank layer disposed on the pixel electrode having a pixel opening overlapping the pixel electrode; an emission layer disposed in the pixel opening; a common electrode disposed on the emission layer and the bank layer; an encapsulation layer disposed on the common electrode; a sensing electrode disposed on the encapsulation layer; a first insulator disposed on the encapsulation layer to overlap the pixel opening; a second insulator disposed outside the first insulator; and a third insulator disposed outside the second insulator. The first insulator has a first refractive index, the second insulator has a second refractive index, and the third insulator has a third refractive index, and the first refractive index, and wherein the second refractive index, and the third refractive index are different from each other.

Abstract: A display device according to an embodiment includes a transistor positioned on a substrate; a first electrode electrically connected to the transistor; an emission layer positioned on the first electrode; a second electrode positioned on the emission layer; and a pattern part spaced apart from the first electrode. The pattern part includes a photosensitive pattern layer made of a photosensitive resin.

Abstract: A display panel includes a transmission area, a boundary area adjacent to the transmission area, a display area adjacent to the boundary area, an overcoat layer in the boundary area, a light emitting element in the display area, a first refractive layer on the light emitting element and including the same material as the overcoat layer, and a second refractive layer on the first refractive layer and having a refractive index less than a refractive index of the first refractive layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a carbon dioxide utilization system capable of producing electricity, hydrogen, and bicarbonate by utilizing carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas, through a spontaneous electrochemical reaction without a separate external power source, and producing magnesium hydrogen carbonate by reacting the hydrogen carbonate ions with magnesium ions generated at an anode.

Abstract: A display device includes a light emitting part disposed on a substrate, where the light emitting part includes a common layer, and a separator disposed on the substrate to surround the light emitting part on a plane, where a length of an upper portion of the separator is greater than a length of a lower portion of the separator in a cross-section, and an open portion is defined in the separator.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a display area and a non-display area surrounding the display area, a light emitting structure disposed on the substrate in the display area, a thin film encapsulation layer disposed on the light emitting structure, an optical structure including a first refractive pattern and a second refractive pattern, and a partition wall disposed on the substrate in the non-display area and surrounding the second refractive pattern. The first refractive pattern is disposed on the thin film encapsulation layer, and overlaps the light emitting structure. The second refractive pattern covers the first refractive pattern, has a refractive index smaller than a refractive index of the first refractive pattern, and includes an organic material.

Abstract: A display device is provided. The display device comprises a substrate, at least one thin-film transistor disposed on the substrate, a planarization layer disposed on the thin-film transistor, a first metal layer disposed on the planarization layer and connected to the thin-film transistor, a first electrode disposed on the first metal layer, partitioning walls disposed on the planarization layer and spaced apart from the first electrode, wherein each of the partitioning walls includes a second metal layer and a first conductive layer, a pixel defining layer disposed on the first electrode and the partitioning walls, an organic layer disposed on the first electrode and the pixel defining layer, and a second electrode disposed on the organic layer, wherein the second metal layer is disposed under the first conductive layer and has an undercut beneath the first conductive layer, wherein at least portion of the organic layer is discontinuous between the partitioning walls.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate, an emission structure disposed on the substrate, a first refraction pattern disposed on the emission structure, a second refraction pattern disposed on the first refraction pattern and covering the first refraction pattern, where the second refraction pattern includes an inorganic material, and a third refraction pattern disposed on the second refraction pattern and having a refractive index less than a refractive index of the first refraction pattern.

Abstract: In a method for determining an energy level of a core/shell according to an example, a valence band energy level of a shell and a core-level energy level of a core in a core/shell nanoparticle are measured together, and by using a valence band energy level and a core-level of a core nanoparticle including only a core, a reliable energy level in a core/shell structure may be determined.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exhaust gas purification system, including: a cathode unit including a first accommodation space, a first aqueous solution, and a cathode at least partially submerged in the first aqueous solution; an anode unit including a second accommodation space, a second aqueous solution which is basic, and a metal anode at least partially submerged in the second aqueous solution; and a connection unit configured to connect the cathode unit and the anode unit. The anode is made of aluminum (Al) or zinc (Zn), a gas containing nitrogen oxide (NOx) is injected into the first aqueous solution, the nitrogen oxide injected into the first aqueous solution reacts with water to produce nitric acid (HNO3), the nitric acid supplies hydrogen ions, and the hydrogen ions and electrons of the cathode react to produce hydrogen.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting display device including: a substrate; a pixel electrode on the substrate; a pixel defining film on the pixel electrode and having a first opening at least partially exposing the pixel electrode; an organic light-emitting layer on the exposed portion of the pixel electrode; a common electrode on the organic light-emitting layer and the pixel defining film; an encapsulation layer on the common electrode; a black matrix on the encapsulation layer and having a second opening overlapping the first opening; and a plurality of first sensing lines on the black matrix and surrounding the pixel electrode in a plan view to define a pixel region. At least portions of the first sensing lines defining the pixel region do not overlap the common electrode in the pixel region to reduce the common electrode's influence on the touch sensing lines and improve touch sensitivity.