Abstract: Disclosed are a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) transmission method and a related apparatus. The method includes: generating a PPDU, where the PPDU includes a universal signal field (U-SIG), and the U-SIG includes a subfield indicating that the PPDU is a null data packet (NDP); and sending the PPDU. In this way, a beamformee (Bfee) that receives the NDP can identify the NDP earlier. This helps improve efficiency of reading the NDP by the Bfee. The PPDU is an NDP used for a standard after 802.11ax. In a scenario in which wireless communication is performed by using the standard (for example, 802.11be) after 802.11ax, the Bfee can perform channel estimation based on the NDP.

Abstract: A resource indication method includes generating, by an access point, resource mapping information, where the resource mapping information includes a plurality of mapping segments, each mapping segment is associated with a frame type, each mapping segment includes a plurality of resource indicators, and each resource indicator indicates a resource allocated to a station in a frame corresponding to a frame type associated with a mapping segment to which the resource indicator belongs, and sending, by the access point, the resource mapping information.

Abstract: An impact tool includes: an impact mechanism, where the impact mechanism includes an impact block driven by a drive shaft and a hammer anvil receiving an impact from the impact block, and the hammer anvil is connected to an output shaft; and a controller configured to control an electric motor. The controller is configured to, when the impact tool is in a low-speed mode and it is detected that the impact mechanism applies an impact force to the output shaft, perform the operations periodically: determining that the impact mechanism impacts a preset number of times and controlling the electric motor to shut down for a preset period and then restart.

Abstract: A communication method is applied to a wireless local area network (WLAN) system that supports a WLAN protocol and includes a quantity of subcarriers corresponding to a first channel in a first frequency band that is greater than or equal to a quantity of subcarriers corresponding to a second channel in a second frequency band. A ratio of a bandwidth of the first channel to a minimum channel bandwidth supported in the first frequency band is equal to a ratio of a bandwidth of the second channel to a minimum channel bandwidth supported in the second frequency band, and the minimum channel bandwidth supported in the first frequency band is greater than the minimum channel bandwidth supported in the second frequency band.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate, a switching element, a first insulating layer, a first metal layer, and an energy-absorbing layer. The switching element is on the substrate and has a source/drain. The first insulating layer covers the switching element and has a first opening. The first metal layer is on the first insulating layer and extends through the first opening. The energy-absorbing layer is over the first metal layer. A first orthographic projection area of the first opening projected on the substrate is within a second orthographic projection area of the energy-absorbing layer projected on the substrate. A laser reflectivity of a material of the energy-absorbing layer is higher than a laser reflectivity of a material of the source/drain. A laser absorptivity of the material of the energy-absorbing layer is lower than a laser absorptivity of the material of the source/drain.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and system, and an apparatus, and relate to the field of communication technologies An example method includes obtaining a first carrier spacing, where the first carrier spacing is N times a second carrier spacing corresponding to a first low-frequency channel, and N>1. The method further includes modulating a to-be-sent high-frequency physical layer signal based on the first carrier spacing to generate a first PPDU. The method further includes sending the first PPDU to a receive device through a first high-frequency channel.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to techniques for forward error correction and packet padding in radio transmission, e.g. WiFi communication schemes such as IEEE 802.11ax and 802.11be. In particular, the disclosure relates to a communication device configured to: transmit and/or receive a data frame based on a set of pre&post-Forward Error Correction (pre&post-FEC) parameters and a set of packet extension (PE) parameters, wherein the set of pre&post-FEC parameters is based on an extension of a set of pre&post-FEC parameters defined for a second radio transmission technology with respect to a size of resource units (RUs) supported by a first radio transmission technology, wherein the set of pre&post-FEC parameters is based on a combination of RUs that is supported by the first radio transmission technology, and wherein the set of PE parameters is based on an extension of a set of PE parameters defined for the second radio transmission technology.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a measurement method, an apparatus, and a device. The embodiments may be applied to wireless local area network systems of the 802.11 series protocols such as 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, EHT, Wi-Fi 8, 802.11bf, and sensing. The embodiments provide an approach of generating, by a first device, a sensing measurement setup request frame that includes first ranging indication information used to request a second device to perform ranging measurement in a sensing measurement process. The approach then sends, by the first device, the sensing measurement setup request frame to the second device.

Abstract: The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode slurry, a positive electrode sheet and a secondary battery. In a DSC graph of the positive electrode active material, an exothermic peak is present between 200-250° C.; at an onset temperature t1 of the exothermic peak, the proportion of cracked secondary particles in the positive electrode active material is x1; and at a peak temperature T1 of the exothermic peak, the proportion of cracked secondary particles in the positive electrode active material is X1, where the proportion of cracked secondary particles is a ratio of the number of the cracked secondary particles to the number of all secondary particles in the positive electrode active material, 0%?x1?5%, 0%?X1?10%, 0%?X1?x1?5%.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and a related apparatus. The method includes: generating a trigger frame, where the trigger frame includes a user information field corresponding to one or more users; the one or more users include a first user using joint source and channel coding; and the first user corresponds to a plurality of user information fields, and a user information field corresponding to the first user indicates a layer frequency domain resource of the first user at a source layer, or the first user corresponds to one user information field, and the one user information field corresponding to the first user indicates a total frequency domain resource of the first user at all source layers; and sending the trigger frame, to receive a trigger-based physical layer protocol data unit of the first user.

Abstract: This disclosure discloses puncturing information indication methods and communication apparatuses. In an implementation, a method comprises generate a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) comprising a preamble, wherein the preamble comprises preamble puncturing information carried by a content channel and indicates preamble puncturing status of subchannels of a bandwidth of the PPDU, wherein the content channel is distributed on some subchannels of the bandwidth of the PPDU, and a bandwidth of the content channel is less than the bandwidth of the PPDU, and send the PPDU.

Abstract: The present application provides a high-nickel ternary positive electrode material having high thermal safety. According to the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material provided in the present application, significant factors affecting the thermal safety of the ternary positive electrode material are identified by measuring a thermal conductivity K, a D104 value in XRD, and a porosity ? of the material. In addition, corresponding materials are prepared by means of controlling these parameters and satisfying the relationship shown in Formula I for verification. Furthermore, the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material is improved by coating with a coating material having a low thermal conductivity.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of WLAN technologies, and in particular, to a null data physical layer protocol data unit transmitting method and an apparatus, and may be used in a wireless communication system that supports the 802.11be standard or the EHT standard. In the method, a first device transmits a sensing NDPA frame, where the sensing NDPA frame indicates to transmit an NDP; and then, the first device transmits the NDP, where the NDP is a first NDP or a second NDP. A physical layer version of the first NDP is different from a physical layer version of the second NDP. Correspondingly, a second device receives the sensing NDPA frame and the NDP from the first device.

Abstract: A soil testing device includes at least one sensor assembly, after the sensor assembly is inserted into soil, the sensor assembly and the soil cooperatively form a battery cell; and an analog meter, electrically connected with the at least one sensor assembly, the at least one sensor assembly is configured to transmit a micro current of the battery cell reflecting a measure of soil characteristic to the analog meter, the analog meter is configured to display a value reflecting the soil characteristic.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to data transmission method and apparatus. One example method includes generating and sending a link aggregation request, where the link aggregation request is used to request to perform transmission of a same type of data stream over a plurality of links, receiving a link aggregation response, where the link aggregation response represents whether the transmission of the same type of data stream over the plurality of links is accepted or not, and performing data transmission based on the link aggregation response.

Abstract: A data acquisition circuit and method for a battery module are provided. The circuit includes a signal processing board and a signal acquisition board. The signal processing board includes an acquisition circuit module. The signal acquisition board is provided with n voltage acquisition chips each provided with a temperature sensor, and n?1 cells of the battery module. The signal acquisition board is connected to the signal processing board through a connector. The first end of the (m?1)th voltage acquisition chip is connected to the negative electrode of the (m?1)th cell. The first end of the mth voltage acquisition chip is connected to the positive electrode of the (m?1)th cell. The second end of the voltage acquisition chip is connected to the signal processing board through the connector. The first end of the temperature sensor is connected to the acquisition circuit module in the signal processing board.

Abstract: The present disclosure suggests to expand and improve the method of utilizing channel resources in the 802.11be standard by allowing the use of multiple and non-contiguous portions of a channel. Supporting multiple resource units (MRUs) and non-contiguous resource units (RUs) improves the channel utilization by making it more efficient due to enhancing the capability of leveraging the channel selectivity. To this end, a wireless network device for resource allocation is provided and configured to define a non-contiguous MRU in the bandwidth of the channel. The channel comprises a plurality of RUs, and the MRU is defined based on non-punctured RUs after puncturing one or more of the RUs of the channel, and/or is defined by aggregating two or more non-adjacent RUs of the channel.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and a related apparatus. The method includes: generating and sending a PPDU, where the PPDU includes a first signal field, the first signal field includes a resource unit allocation subfield and at least one user field corresponding to each user, the resource unit allocation subfield indicates a frequency domain resource allocated to the user corresponding to each user field, the user corresponding to each user field includes a first user that uses joint source and channel coding, the PPDU further includes a second signal field of the first user that uses joint source and channel coding, the second signal field of the first user indicates a joint source and channel coding parameter of a source layer corresponding to the first user, and the second signal field of the first user is located on a frequency domain resource allocated to the first user.

Abstract: The present disclosure suggests to expand and improve the method of utilizing channel resources in the 802.11be standard by allowing the use of multiple and non-contiguous portions of a channel. Supporting multiple resource units (MRUs) and non-contiguous resource units (RUs) improves the channel utilization by making it more efficient due to enhancing the capability of leveraging the channel selectivity. To this end, a wireless network device for resource allocation is provided and configured to define a non-contiguous MRU in the bandwidth of the channel. The channel comprises a plurality of RUs, and the MRU is defined based on non-punctured RUs after puncturing one or more of the RUs of the channel, and/or is defined by aggregating two or more non-adjacent RUs of the channel.

Abstract: A display panel including a driving circuit layer, multiple light emitting devices and multiple encapsulation structures is provided. The light emitting devices are disposed on the driving circuit layer, and each includes a first electrode, a light emitting pattern, a second electrode and a pixel definition layer. The light emitting pattern is disposed on the first electrode. The second electrode is disposed on the light emitting pattern. The pixel definition layer is disposed on the driving circuit layer, and has a pixel opening overlapping the first electrode. The light emitting pattern and the second electrode cover the pixel definition layer, the first electrode located in the pixel opening of the pixel definition layer and part of the driving circuit layer located outside the pixel opening of the pixel definition layer. The encapsulation structures cover the light emitting devices and each includes a first encapsulation pattern.