Abstract: A load dependent control arrangement wherein an electrical load sensor such as a strain gauge controls the mark-to-space ratio of a pulse train output from a pulse generator. The pulse train operates a solenoid valve to control a pneumatic output pressure in proportion to the ratio of marks to spaces. The output pressure may be amplified in a self-lapping pneumatic relay valve. The final output pressure may be utilized in any suitable manner, for example, in operating the pneumatic brakes of a vehicle whose load is being measured by the sensor.

Abstract: In a coin selector, a coin moving in a nearly vertical path under the influence of gravity is first tested to determine whether it is made of a ferromagnetic or non-ferromagnetic, conductive material. If the coin is identified as one of ferromagnetic material, it is further identified by examining a function of one of the coin's dimensions and by timing the period necessary for it to travel through a solenoid. If the coin is identified as of a non-ferromagnetic, conductive material, it is further identified by examining a function of one of the coin's dimensions and timing the period necessary for it to travel through a linear motor which is arranged to decelerate such moving coins.