Abstract: A composition system which is a mixture of colloids forming a physical code is implanted into a product and later extracted and read to authenticate the product thus providing secure means to check the authenticity of the product against counterfeiting.

Abstract: A method of preparing a complex microscopic colloidal mixture formulation and a method of authenticating a product containing a code attached thereto which code is a mixture of different hard bodied colloidal particles and polymeric particles having different properties, which are present in set ratios. The code is extracted from the product and is checked with data that was originally applied to the product to determine its authenticity.

Abstract: Techniques regarding one or more structures that can facilitate automated, multi-stage processing of one or more nanofluidic chips are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise a system, which can comprise a roller positioned adjacent to a microfluidic card comprising a plurality of fluid reservoirs in fluid communication with a plurality of nanofluidic chips. An arrangement of the plurality of nanofluidic chips on the microfluidic card can defines a processing sequence driven by a translocation of the roller across the microfluidic card.

Abstract: Techniques regarding one or more structures for checking the via formation are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise an apparatus, which can comprise a microfluidic channel positioned on a silicon substrate. The apparatus can also comprise a pattern of material comprised within the microfluidic channel and positioned on a surface of the silicon substrate. Further, the pattern of material can define a future location of a through-silicon via. An advantage of such an apparatus can be that the pattern of material can facilitate checking whether the through-silicon via is fully or partially formed.

Abstract: Devices and methods that can facilitate electrically conductive deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) pillar array components are provided. According to an embodiment, a device can comprise a substrate that can have a channel that can comprise electrically conductive pillar components that can be coupled to one or more electrodes. The device can further comprise a seal layer that can be coupled to the substrate that seals the one or more electrodes.

Abstract: Techniques regarding microfluidic chips with one or more vias filled with sacrificial plugs and/or manufacturing methods thereof are provided herein. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise an apparatus, which can comprise a silicon device layer of a microfluidic chip comprising a plurality of vias extending through the silicon device layer. The plurality of vias comprise greater than or equal to about 100 vias per square centimeter of a surface of the silicon device layer and less than or equal to about 100,000 vias per square centimeter of the surface of the silicon device layer. Additionally, the apparatus can comprise a plurality of sacrificial plugs positioned in the plurality of vias.

Abstract: Techniques regarding integrated purification-detection devices for detecting one or more biomarkers are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein are directed to an apparatus, comprising a housing and a microfluidic chip contained within the housing. The microfluidic chip comprises a separation unit that separates, using one or more nano deterministic lateral displacement (nanoDLD) arrays, target biological entities having a defined size range from other biological entities included in a biological fluid sample. The microfluidic chip further comprises a detection unit that facilitates detecting presence of one or more biomarkers associated with the target biological entities using one or more detection molecules or macromolecules that chemically reacts with the one or more biomarkers.

Abstract: Techniques regarding nanofluidic chips with a plurality of inlets and/or outlets in fluid communication with one or more nanoDLD arrays are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise a nanoscale deterministic lateral displacement array between and in fluid communication with a global inlet and a global outlet. The nanoscale deterministic lateral displacement array can further be between and in fluid communication with a local inlet and a local outlet. Also, the nanoscale deterministic lateral displacement array can laterally displace a particle comprised within a sample fluid supplied from the global inlet to a collection region that directs the particle to the local outlet. An advantage of such an apparatus can be the expanded versatility of the nanoscale deterministic lateral displacement array for sample preparation applications involving nanoparticles not accessible to other higher throughput microscale microfluidic technologies.

Abstract: Techniques for use of wafer bonding techniques for sealing of microfluidic chips are provided. In one aspect, a wafer bonding sealing method includes the steps of: forming a first oxide layer coating surfaces of a first wafer, the first wafer having at least one fluidic chip; forming a second oxide layer on a second wafer; and bonding the first wafer to the second wafer via an oxide-to-oxide bond between the first oxide layer and the second oxide layer to form a bonded wafer pair, wherein the second oxide layer seals the at least one fluidic chip on the first wafer. The second wafer can be at least partially removed after performing the bonding, and fluidic ports may be formed in the second oxide layer. A fluidic chip device is also provided.

Abstract: A technique relates to a semiconductor device. An emitter electrode and a collector electrode are formed in a dielectric layer such that a nanogap separates the emitter electrode and the collector electrode, a portion of the emitter electrode including layers. A channel is formed in the dielectric layer so as to traverse the nanogap. A top layer is formed over the channel so as to cover the channel and the nanogap without filling in the channel and the nanogap, thereby forming a vacuum channel transistor structure.

Abstract: A microfluidic chip with high volumetric flow rate is provided that includes at least two vertically stacked microfluidic channel layers, each microfluidic channel layer including an array of spaced apart pillars. Each microfluidic channel layer is interconnected by an inlet/outlet opening that extends through the microfluidic chip. The microfluidic chip is created without wafer to wafer bonding thus circumventing the cost and yield issues associated with microfluidic chips that are created by wafer bonding.

Abstract: A microfluidic chip with a high volumetric flow rate is provided that includes at least two vertically stacked microfluidic channel layers, each microfluidic channel layer including an array of spaced apart pillars. Each microfluidic channel layer is interconnected by an inlet/outlet opening that extends through the microfluidic chip. The microfluidic chip is created without wafer to wafer bonding thus circumventing the cost and yield issues associated with microfluidic chips that are created by wafer bonding.

Abstract: Techniques relate to forming a sorting device. A mesh is formed on top of a substrate. Metal assisted chemical etching is performed to remove substrate material of the substrate at locations of the mesh. Pillars are formed in the substrate by removal of the substrate material. The mesh is removed to leave the pillars in a nanopillar array. The pillars in the nanopillar array are designed with a spacing to sort particles of different sizes such that the particles at or above a predetermined dimension are sorted in a first direction and the particles below the predetermined dimension are sorted in a second direction.

Abstract: Techniques relate to forming a sorting device. A mesh is formed on top of a substrate. Metal assisted chemical etching is performed to remove substrate material of the substrate at locations of the mesh. Pillars are formed in the substrate by removal of the substrate material. The mesh is removed to leave the pillars in a nanopillar array. The pillars in the nanopillar array are designed with a spacing to sort particles of different sizes such that the particles at or above a predetermined dimension are sorted in a first direction and the particles below the predetermined dimension are sorted in a second direction.

Abstract: A technique relates to a machine for sorting. A removable cartridge includes a nanofluidic module. The removable cartridge includes an input port and at least two output ports. The nanofluidic module is configured to sort a sample fluid. A holder is configured to receive the removable cartridge. A pressurization system is configured to couple to the input port of the removable cartridge. The pressurization system is configured to drive the sample fluid into the nanofluidic module for separation to the at least two output ports.

Abstract: Techniques regarding detecting one or more defined nucleic acid sequences are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise a method, which can comprise adding a molecular probe to a sample fluid comprising a first deoxyribonucleic acid segment and a second deoxyribonucleic acid segment. The molecular probe can have an affinity to bond to a defined nucleic acid sequence. The method can also comprise separating, via a nanoscale deterministic lateral displacement array, the first deoxyribonucleic acid segment from the second deoxyribonucleic acid segment based on a size of the first deoxyribonucleic acid segment.

Abstract: Multistage deterministic lateral displacement devices, methods of forming the devices, and methods of separating a fluid mixture including particles having three or more particle sizes generally include a first module and at least one additional module. Each module includes a condenser portion and a separate portion. The condenser portion is generally configured to focus a streamline of all particles to a center of a channel whereas the separator separates the streamline of all particles into two different streamlines. One of the streamlines focuses the largest particles in the fluid mixture along a sidewall of the channel and the other streamline of smaller particles is between opposing sidewalls that define the channel. Each additional module can be used to further separate the largest particles remaining in the fluid mixture from the smaller particles.

Abstract: Techniques regarding screening for mutations using nanoscale deterministic arrays are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise a method, which can comprise cleaving a deoxyribonucleic acid segment hybridized with a molecular probe to form a sample fluid. The cleaving can occur at a first end and a second end of the molecular probe. Also, the cleaving can comprise a cleaving agent that targets base pair mismatches. The method can also comprise supplying the sample fluid to a nanoscale deterministic lateral displacement array to screen for a single nucleotide polymorphism.

Abstract: Techniques relate to forming a sorting device. A mesh is formed on top of a substrate. Metal assisted chemical etching is performed to remove substrate material of the substrate at locations of the mesh. Pillars are formed in the substrate by removal of the substrate material. The mesh is removed to leave the pillars in a nanopillar array. The pillars in the nanopillar array are designed with a spacing to sort particles of different sizes such that the particles at or above a predetermined dimension are sorted in a first direction and the particles below the predetermined dimension are sorted in a second direction.

Abstract: A technique relates to a machine for sorting. A removable cartridge includes a nanofluidic module. The removable cartridge includes an input port and at least two output ports. The nanofluidic module is configured to sort a sample fluid. A holder is configured to receive the removable cartridge. A pressurization system is configured to couple to the input port of the removable cartridge. The pressurization system is configured to drive the sample fluid into the nanofluidic module for separation to the at least two output ports.