Abstract: The present invention is directed to providing the activator of the integrin signaling in neural stem cells or neural progenitors and the method for using the same. The activator of the integrin signaling comprises galectin-1 and can be used as a regulator that regulates maintenance, survival, or differentiation of a neural stem cells or a neural progenitor.

Abstract: A complex consisting of galectin-3 and chondroitin oligosaccharide and methods for seperating and detecting the chondroitin oligosaccharide in a sample using the immobilized complex.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide methods for inhibiting proliferation of neural stem cells, an agent for inhibiting proliferation of neural stem cells, and methods for using the same. According to the method of the present invention, a galectin-1 inhibitor such as anti-galectin-1 antibody and/or an integrin ?1 inhibitor such as anti-integrin ?1 antibody is administered to a human or a vertebrate other than human for inhibiting proliferation of neural stem cells. This method can be used for treatment of nerve injury and nerve tumors.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a method by which sugar chains having GlcNAc transferred by GnT-V can be accurately detected, screened and purified. In this detection method, two kinds of lectins differing in detailed GlcNAc-specificity are used together. As shown in FIG. 1(I), for example, a sample containing sugar chains having GlcNAc transferred by GnT-V is screened by using a lectin GSL-II, which recognizes sugar chains having GlcNAc transferred by GnT-V, and then the screened sample is screened again by using another lectin BLL, which does not recognizes sugar chains having GlcNAc transferred by GnT-V, to thereby detect, screen and purify the sugar chains having GlcNAc transferred by GnT-V alone.

Abstract: An analyzer for a glycan or a complex carbohydrate which comprises a substrate made of a photoconductive material having multiple types of glycan binding proteins provided and immobilized thereon a means of conducting light into the side edge face of the substrate and generating an evanescent wave on the substrate surface to thereby excite fluorescent labels, and a fluorescent intensity-measuring means of measuring the intensity of the fluorescence induced by the above means for each of the positions of the glycan binding proteins provided as described above. By using this analyzer, a glycan or a complex carbohydrate can be conveniently, quickly, highly sensitively and highly accurately analyzed.

Abstract: A charging apparatus includes a charger for being supplied with an AC voltage and for electrically charging a member to be charged; a current measurer for measuring a current flowing between the charger and the member to be charged when the AC voltage is supplied to the charger; and a particular current extractor for extracting from the current a particular current having a particular frequency.

Abstract: A galectin-glycosaminoglycan complex and a method for controlling galectin activity.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide methods for inhibiting proliferation of neural stem cells, an agent for inhibiting proliferation of neural stem cells, and methods for using the same. According to the method of the present invention, a galectin-1 inhibitor such as anti-galectin-1 antibody and/or an integrin ?1 inhibitor such as anti-integrin ?1 antibody is administered to a human or a vertebrate other than human for inhibiting proliferation of neural stem cells. This method can be used for treatment of nerve injury and nerve tumors.

Abstract: As a result of investigating the optimum conditions of methods for immobilizing proteins that interact with sugar chains onto a substrate, it was revealed that coating the surface of a slide glass with GTMS enables immobilization at a higher S/N ratio than conventionally possible. Moreover, by using a substrate to which a rubber with a number of holes was affixed to form a number of reaction vessels, and further by spotting lectins onto the substrate and washing with PBST, the weak interactions between sugar chains and lectins were successfully detected with improved sensitivity. In addition, by introducing an evanescent excitation-type scanner, it became possible to detect the interactions between lectins and sugar chains without washing away the probe solution.

Abstract: The present inventors discovered that lectins recognize extremely small differences in sugar chain structures, and that by using this ability to recognize sugar chain structures, numerous sugar chain structures can be distinguished using the strong or weak interaction patterns of about ten types of lectins. Therefore, by reference to and use of control interaction data, in which large amounts of data on the interactions between sugar chains and lectins have been collected, the structures of subject sugar chains can be identified, estimated, and such with high accuracy.

Abstract: A charging apparatus includes charging means for being supplied with an AC voltage and for electrically charging a member to be charged; current measuring means for measuring a current flowing between the charging means and the member to be charged when the AC voltage is supplied the charging means; and particular current extraction means for extracting from the current a particular current having a particular frequency.

Abstract: A charging apparatus includes a charging section supplied with an AC voltage and for electrically charging a member to be charged; a current measuring section for measuring a current flowing between the charging section and the member to be charged when the AC voltage is supplied to the charging section; and a particular current extraction section for extracting from the current a particular current having a particular frequency.

Abstract: In the case where many interactional substances are immobilized on the front surface side of a light transmitting plate capable of generating evanescent waves on the front surface, and where the fluorescence levels in the interactions between the interactional substances and a fluorescence labeled test substance are detected in a liquid layer according to a conventional method, the detection sensitivity and S/N ratio are low due to the background noise. Furthermore, it is necessary to perform a gel filtration purification step for the purpose of removing an excessive amount of the fluorescence dye used for labeling a test substance before the interactions between the fluorescence labeled test substance and the interactional substances are performed.

Abstract: A charging member for charging a member to be charged, includes an elastic foam member provided at a surface of the charging member. The elastic foam member includes a plurality of cell portions with wall portion defining the cell portions. The gaps connecting the cell portions have areas which are not less than 5% and not more than 50%, for respective cells.

Abstract: A charging apparatus includes charging means for being supplied with an AC voltage and for electrically charging a member to be charged; current measuring means for measuring a current flowing between the charging means and the member to be charged when the AC voltage Is supplied the charging means; and particular current extraction means for extracting from the current a particular current in having a particular frequency.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a charging roller cooperable with the image bearing member to form a nip therebetween, for charging the charging roller is rotatable for counterdirectional peripheral movement relative to the image bearing member at the nip; a developing unit for developing with a developer an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing member; wherein the potential of a potential changing portion of the image bearing member changes with respect to the peripheral moving direction of the image bearing member; and wherein at tA (sec) after arrival at an upstream end of the nip, of the potential changing portion, the developing unit is supplied with a voltage for collecting particles from the image bearing member to the developing unit, where tA (sec) is a sum of a time duration required for a surface of the charging roller to move from the upstream end of the nip to a downstream end of the nip and a time duration required for a surface of the image bearing member

Abstract: A charging apparatus includes a charging member for charging a member to be charged while forming a nip with the member to be charged, and electroconductive particles disposed in the nip. The charging member is supplied with a voltage of a certain polarity, a surface of the member to be charged is triboelectrically charged by a surface of the charging member so as to have a polarity opposite from that of the voltage, and the electroconductive particles are triboelectrically charged in the nip so as to have a polarity opposite from that of the voltage.

Abstract: An image expansion unit expands image data at a resolution higher than the actual resolution of an output apparatus, and a resolution conversion unit converts the expanded high-resolution data to data having the actual resolution of the output apparatus. An exposure setting unit outputs a reference pattern and a density sensor measures the density of this reference pattern. On the basis of the result of measurement, a laser-exposure correction table for an electrophotographic process is created in such a manner that the density of prescribed image data that is obtained by the resolution conversion will be the same before and after image formation. This table is set in a LUT. As a result, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the density and shape of an image are rendered non-uniform and to output a high-quality image in stable fashion.

Abstract: A charging device includes a charging member for electrically charging a member to be charged which is adapted to form a nip with a member to be charged which has a surface layer having a volume resistivity of 1×109-1×1014 &OHgr;cm, said charging member having an elastic member and movable with a peripheral speed difference relative to the member to be charged; and electroconductive particles carried on said charging member to the nip, wherein a peripheral speed Vd (mm/sec) of said member to be charged, a peripheral speed Vc (mm/sec) of said charging member, a width N (mm) of the nip measured in a moving direction of said charging member, and a coverage ratio Rc of said electroconductive particles on said charging member, satisfy: N·Rc·|Vc−Vd|/Vd≧1.

Abstract: An EL panel for providing a display of three colors, comprising at least EL phosphor thin films of two types for emitting green and blue colors, and a red light emitting portion, the EL phosphor thin films of two types for emitting green and blue colors comprising an alkaline earth sulfide or oxide. The EL panel, especially full color EL panel can produce light of an improved color purity without a need for a RGB patterned filter.