Abstract: A buffer device includes a plurality of input ports, a plurality of first in, first out (FIFO) buffers on which information input from the plurality of input ports is written, respectively, and at least one output port, an input switch unit that writes input information on a write target buffer selected from a predetermined buffer group based on information indicating a write position in the buffers of the buffer group and switches the write target buffer to another buffer in the buffer group according to the information indicating the write position, when the information is input from the input ports assigned to the predetermined buffer group among the plurality of buffers, and an output controller that reads information from a read target buffer selected based on information indicating a read position in the buffers of the buffer group and outputs the read information to the output port.

Abstract: A data transfer controlling apparatus includes a first controlling unit that performs a broadcast transfer to a plurality of nodes connected to a first route switching device, and requests a second node representing nodes connected to a second route switching device that is connected to the first route switching device to perform a broadcast transfer when the first controlling unit receives a request of the broadcast transfer from a first node connected to the first route switching device, and a second controlling unit that performs the broadcast transfer to all of nodes connected to the first route switching device when the second controlling unit receives a request of a broadcast transfer from the second node.

Abstract: Electrophoretic particles including mother particles and a dispersant that covers the surface of the mother particles, the mother particles including a resin and a colorant, and the dispersant having a structure represented by the following Formula (1): wherein in Formula (1), R1 represents a dimethyl siloxane chain that comprises two or more dimethyl siloxane structures that are linked together, the dimethyl siloxane chain being optionally substituted by an organic group; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; Ar1 represents an organic group having an aromatic group; a represents an integer of from 8 to 88; b represents an integer of from 12 to 82; c represents an integer of from 0 to 30; f represents an integer of from 1 to 3; the total of a, b and c is 100; and the ratio of unit (b) in the dispersant having a structure represented by Formula (1) is about 50% by weight or less.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an electrochemically active device comprising the steps of: —providing a substrate (110) comprising an electrode receiving surface portion (111) having substantially constant wetting tension throughout said electrode receiving surface portion, —providing a plurality of first electrodes (120) directly on said electrode receiving surface portion, —leaving intermediate portions (130) of said electrode receiving surface portion (111) free from said electrodes, —providing a layer of electrolyte (140) covering said plurality of first electrodes (120) and said intermediate portions (130), and —wherein wetting tension of the surfaces of the intermediate portions (130) is arranged to act more repelling on the electrolyte compared to the wetting tension of the surfaces of the plurality of first electrodes (120), whereby, the electrolyte is concentrated to the surfaces of the plurality of first electrodes (120), and the surfaces of the intermediate portions (130) are substantially free of ele

Abstract: A semiconductor device has a substrate; a multi-layered interconnect formed on the substrate, and having a plurality of interconnect layers, each of which being configured by an interconnect and an insulating layer, stacked therein; a memory circuit formed in a memory circuit region on the substrate in a plan view, and having a peripheral circuit and at least one capacitor element embedded in the multi-layered interconnect; and a logic circuit formed in a logic circuit region on the substrate, wherein the capacitor element is configured by a lower electrode, a capacitor insulating film, an upper electrode, an embedded electrode and an upper interconnect; the top surface of the upper interconnect, and the top surface of the interconnect configuring the logic circuit formed in the same interconnect layer with the upper interconnect, are aligned to the same plane.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is produced by fabricating a capacitor element including a lower electrode, a capacitor insulating film, and an upper electrode, and a thin-film resistor element, in the same step. As the lower electrode of the capacitor element is lined with a lower layer wiring layer (Cu wiring), the lower electrode has extremely low resistance substantially. As such, even if the film thickness of the lower electrode becomes thinner, parasitic resistance does not increased. The resistor element is formed to have the same film thickness as that of the lower electrode of the capacitor element. Since the film thickness of the lower electrode is thin, it works as a resistor having high resistance. In the top layer of the passive element, a passive element cap insulating film is provided, which works as an etching stop layer when etching a contact of the upper electrode of the capacitor element.

Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor device including: a semiconductor substrate; a multi-layered wiring structure which is formed over the semiconductor substrate and in which a plurality of wiring layers, each of which is formed by a wiring and an insulating layer, are laminated; and a capacitive element having a lower electrode, a capacitor insulating layer, and an upper electrode which is embedded in the multi-layered wiring structure, wherein at least two or more of the wiring layers are provided between a lower capacitor wiring connected to the lower electrode and an upper capacitor wiring connected to the upper electrode.

Abstract: A data transfer controlling apparatus includes a first controlling unit that performs a broadcast transfer to a plurality of nodes connected to a first route switching device, and requests a second node representing nodes connected to a second route switching device that is connected to the first route switching device to perform a broadcast transfer when the first controlling unit receives a request of the broadcast transfer from a first node connected to the first route switching device, and a second controlling unit that performs the broadcast transfer to all of nodes connected to the first route switching device when the second controlling unit receives a request of a broadcast transfer from the second node.

Abstract: A white particle for display includes as a constituent element a polymer including at least one species selected from a biphenyl compound having one vinyl group and a biphenyl compound having two vinyl groups as a polymeric component.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for manufacturing a display device arrangement, which includes a plurality of electrochromic pixel devices arranged in a matrix. First a plastic insulating layer is provided comprising passages for electrical conductors. Thereafter, in optional order, electrical conductors are provided in the passages, pixel layers are printed on one side of the insulating layer, and control layers are printed on the other side of the insulating layer. By this method the manufacturing of a printed electrochromic pixel device is improved.

Abstract: A display medium includes a light control layer, wherein the light control layer includes mobile fine particles developing a color in a dispersion state and hetero-particles having characteristics different from those of the mobile fine particles. A display method includes at least one of the following steps: a step of displaying black color by allowing the mobile fine particles capable of developing a color in a dispersion state to aggregate; a step of displaying a color by allowing the mobile fine particles to disperse; or a step of displaying white color by reflection of the hetero-particles having characteristics different from those of the mobile fine particles.

Abstract: The invention provides a display method for displaying an image by deposition of metal fine particles. The display method includes at least depositing metal fine particles, from an electrolytic solution that has at least a metal ion of the metal particles and that is provided between a pair of substrates having at least one translucent substrate, onto a surface of any one of the pair of substrates by imparting one stimulus. A concentration of the metal ion of the metal fine particles in the electrolytic solution after imparting the stimulus is about 200 mmol/l or less. The invention further provides a display device which uses the display method.

Abstract: A particle dispersion for display including: first particles for display including a colorant and a first polymer having a first charging group, the first particles for display being movable in response to an electric field; a first polymeric dispersant attached to the first particles for display; second particles for display including a colorant and a second polymer having a second charging group, the second particles for display being movable in response to an electric field; a second polymeric dispersant attached to the second particles for display; and a dispersing medium in which the first particles for display and the second particles for display are dispersed, the first polymeric dispersant and the second polymeric dispersant having different weight average molecular weights so that the first particles for display and the second particles for display start moving upon application of different voltages.

Abstract: There is provided a display device, which is arranged to display a predetermined fixed image, having a pixel electrode layer comprising a plurality of pixel portions, and opaque solidified electrolyte arranged in a plurality of separated segments in ionic contact with a respective pixel portion, wherein each electrolyte segment and respective pixel portion form a pixel element. The fixed image display further comprises at least one continuous electrode layer extending across at least two rows and two columns of the pixel matrix, and is connected to the electrolyte segments of a subset of the pixel elements. Upon application of an electric potential difference between the patterned electrode layer and the pixel electrode layer, the pixel portions of the subset of the pixel elements switch color.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing an unsaturated hydrocarbon by dehydrogenating a hydrocarbon into a corresponding unsaturated hydrocarbon with use of a nontoxic catalyst having a long catalytic life. The process for producing unsaturated hydrocarbons includes a step of dehydrogenating a hydrocarbon into a corresponding unsaturated hydrocarbon by contacting the hydrocarbon with a catalyst A that is obtained by supporting zinc and a Group VIIIA metal on a silicate obtained by removing at least part of the boron atoms from a borosilicate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming a first insulating film over an underlying film by plasma polymerization of cyclic siloxane, and forming a second insulating film on the first insulating film by plasma polymerization of the cyclic siloxane continuously, after forming the first insulating film. The deposition rate of the first insulating film is slower than the deposition rate of the second insulating film.

Abstract: In a method for producing a semiconductor device, two or more kinds of organic siloxane compound materials each having a cyclic SiO structure as a main skeleton and having different structures are mixed and thereafter vaporized. Alternatively, those two or more kinds of organic siloxane compound materials are mixed and vaporized simultaneously to produce a vaporized gas. Then, the vaporized gas is transported to a reaction furnace together with a carrier gas. Then, in the reaction furnace, a porous insulating layer is formed by the plasma CVD method or the plasma polymerization method using the vaporized gas.

Abstract: A semiconductor device of the present invention has a semiconductor substrate having a transistor formed thereon; a multi-layered interconnect formed on the semiconductor substrate, and having a plurality of interconnect layers, respectively composed of an interconnect and an insulating film, stacked therein; and a capacitance element having a lower electrode (lower electrode film), a capacitor insulating film, and an upper electrode (upper electrode film), all of which being embedded in the multi-layered interconnect, so as to compose a memory element, and further includes at least one layer of damascene-structured copper interconnect (second-layer interconnect) formed between the capacitance element and the transistor; the upper surface of one of the interconnects (second-layer interconnect) and the lower surface of the capacitance element are aligned nearly in the same plane; and at least one layer of copper interconnect (plate line interconnect) is formed over the capacitance element.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the embodiment, an input/output device transmits a message to a first node controller of a parent node which is set in advance via a cross bar. At this point, the cross bar generates information based on node information of the input/output device, and adds the generated information to the message. The first node controller transmits, via the cross bar, the message to a second node controller of a parent node corresponding to an input/output device that is to receive the message. The second node controller transmits, via the cross bar, the message to an input/output device that is to receive the message. At this point, the cross bar transmits the message restored by deleting the generated information from the message to the input/output device which is set as a destination.

Abstract: A white particle for display includes as a constituent element a polymer including at least one species selected from a biphenyl compound having one vinyl group and a biphenyl compound having two vinyl groups as a polymeric component.