Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device, includes: an electrolytic solution tank including a first storage part to store a first electrolytic solution containing carbon dioxide, and a second storage part to store a second electrolytic solution containing water; a reduction electrode disposed in the first storing part; an oxidation electrode disposed in the second storing part; a porous body disposed in the first storing part; and a flow path connecting the porous body and an outside of the electrolytic solution tank to supply gas containing carbon dioxide to the porous body.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a photochemical reaction system comprises a CO2 production unit, a CO2 absorption unit, and a CO2 reduction unit. The CO2 reduction unit comprises a laminated body and an ion transfer pathway. The laminated body comprises an oxidation catalyst layer producing O2 and H+ by oxidizing H2O, a reduction catalyst layer producing carbon compounds by reducing CO2 absorbed by the CO2 absorption unit, and a semiconductor layer formed between the oxidation catalyst layer and the reduction catalyst layer and develops charge separation with light energy. The ion transfer pathways make ions move between the oxidation catalyst layer side and the reduction catalyst layer side.

Abstract: A electrochemical reaction device of an embodiment includes: an electrolytic tank storing an electrolytic solution containing water; a fine bubble supply part which supplies fine bubbles containing carbon dioxide into the electrolytic solution; a reduction electrode which is immersed in the electrolytic solution and reduces the carbon dioxide to generate a carbon compound; an oxidation electrode which is immersed in the electrolytic solution and oxidizes the water to generate oxygen; and a photoelectric conversion body electrically connected to the reduction electrode and the oxidation electrode. The fine bubbles have a floating velocity of 10 mm/s or less in the electrolytic solution under an atmospheric pressure and 20° C. condition.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device includes: an electrolytic solution tank including a first storage part to store a first electrolytic solution, and a second storage part to store a second electrolytic solution; a reduction electrode disposed in the first storage part and having a first surface; an oxidation electrode disposed in the second storage part and having a second surface; and a generator connected to the reduction and oxidation electrodes. A region in the first storage part between the first surface and an inner wall of the first storage part is an electrolytic solution flow path. The electrolytic solution flow path has a maximum part and a minimum part.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device includes: a first electrolytic solution tank including first and second storage parts storing first and second electrolytic solutions containing carbon dioxide and water respectively; reduction and oxidation electrodes immersed in the first and second electrolytic solutions respectively; a generator connected to the reduction and oxidation electrodes; a second electrolytic solution tank including a third storage part storing a third electrolytic solution containing carbon dioxide; and a flow path connecting the first and third storage parts. The third electrolytic solution is lower in temperature than the first electrolytic solution.

Abstract: A suspension device for an in-wheel motor driven wheel ensures a lever ratio and stroke of a shock absorber without setting the upper end portion of the shock absorber at a high position. A wheel driven by an in-wheel motor unit is suspended on a vehicle body via a suspension structure member and a shock absorber, the suspension structure member including an upper suspension arm pivotally supported with respect to the vehicle body, and a third link. The third link pivotally connects the upper suspension arm to the wheel while having a shock absorber connecting portion to which the lower end of the shock absorber is connected. Further, the shock absorber connecting portion is disposed in the vehicle bottom position lower than an upper end surface of the in-wheel motor unit.

Abstract: Sales promotion assisting systems are disclosed. Such systems include a sales promotion assisting system in which specific incentive is retrieved by passing a portable terminal or the like over a predetermined terminal installed in a store such as an eating and drinking establishment. An incentive can be exchanged for an item or the like of application software such as a game, which can lead to sales promotion.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a photochemical reaction device comprises a laminated body and an ion transfer pathway. A laminated body comprises an oxidation catalyst layer for producing oxygen and protons by oxidizing water a reduction catalyst layer for producing carbon compounds by reducing carbon dioxide and a semiconductor layer formed between the oxidation catalyst layer and the reduction catalyst layer and developing charge separation with light energy. An ion transfer pathway moves ions between the oxidation catalyst layer side and the reduction catalyst layer side.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device comprises: an electrolytic solution tank including a first region, a second region, and a path; a reduction electrode disposed in the first region; an oxidation electrode disposed in the second region; and a power source connected to the reduction electrode and oxidation electrode; and a plurality of ion exchange membranes separating the first region and the second region.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a photoelectrode of an embodiment includes: preparing a stack including a first electrode layer having a light transmitting electrode, a second electrode layer having a metal electrode, and a photovoltaic layer disposed between the electrode layers; immersing the stack in an electrolytic solution containing an ion including a metal constituting a catalyst layer which is to be formed on the first electrode layer; and passing a current to the stack through the second electrode layer to electrochemically precipitate at least one selected from the metal and a compound containing the metal, onto the first electrode layer, thereby forming the catalyst layer.

Abstract: A reduction electrode of an embodiment includes a metal base material and a plurality of metal nanowires provided on the metal base material. The plurality of metal nanowires include metal nanowires whose average height of contour curve of surface is 20 nm or less for 50% or more in a number ratio. The plurality of metal nanowires are formed by reducing a plurality of metal oxides each having a nanowire shape formed on the metal base material by an electrochemical reduction method. A reduction process of the metal oxides includes a first process of passing a current under a constant current condition where an absolute value is 5 mA/cm2 or more through the plurality of metal oxides, and a second process of passing a current under a constant potential condition through the plurality of metal oxides.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode includes a titanium and niobium-containing composite oxide. The nonaqueous electrolyte includes at least one compound selected from compounds represented by the formulas (1) and (2).

Abstract: A producing system of reduction product of carbon dioxide includes a chemical reaction apparatus including an oxidation reaction electrolytic bath and a reduction reaction electrolytic bath, the chemical reaction apparatus configured to generate a reduction product by reducing carbon dioxide, an electrolytic solution supply unit supplying an electrolytic solution to the reduction reaction electrolytic bath, a carbon dioxide supply unit configured to dissolve carbon dioxide into the electrolytic solution, the carbon dioxide supply unit serving to sustain a reduction reaction in the reduction reaction electrolytic bath, and a separation unit configured to separate the reduction product from the electrolytic solution.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of a CO2 reduction catalyst of the present invention, a conductive material is immersed in an aqueous solution containing a gold source, and a current or a potential is applied, whereby a highly active CO2 reduction catalyst can be formed in a wide range portion on a surface of the conductive material. According to one embodiment of a CO2 reduction catalyst of the present invention, in a CO2 reduction reaction apparatus including a CO2 reduction electrode having the CO2 reduction catalyst, CO2 is reduced.

Abstract: An electrolytic device of an embodiment has a solution or gas containing water and carbon dioxide, a first electrode oxidizing the water to produce oxygen, a second electrode and a third electrode reducing the carbon dioxide to produce a carbon compound, and a power supply applying current across the first electrode and the second and third electrodes. A composing material of the second electrode has an ionization tendency larger than a composing material of the third electrode. The third electrode mainly reduces the carbon dioxide to produce a first carbon compound, and the second electrode mainly reduces the first carbon compound to produce a second carbon compound.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device includes a first unit group having a plurality of first electrochemical reaction units and a second unit group having a plurality of second electrochemical reaction units. Respective electrolytic tanks of the plurality of first electrochemical reaction units are serially connected with each other. Respective electrolytic tanks of the plurality of second electrochemical reaction units are serially connected with each other. The electrolytic tanks of the plurality of second electrochemical reaction units are parallelly connected to the electrolytic tanks of the plurality of first electrochemical reaction units.

Abstract: A method of forming a composite catalyst layer includes repeating a first step of forming a first deposit part and a second step of forming a second deposit part to alternately deposit the first and second catalyst materials. At least one effective thickness out of a first effective thickness calculated from a growth rate of the first deposit part and a second effective thickness calculated from a growth rate of the second deposit part is not less than 0.02 nm nor more than 0.5 nm.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device includes: a first electrolytic solution tank having a first storage part and a second storage part; a second electrolytic solution tank having a third storage part and a fourth storage part; a first reduction electrode layer immersed in a first electrolytic solution; a first oxidation electrode layer immersed in a second electrolytic solution; a first generator electrically connected to the first reduction electrode and the first oxidation electrode layer; a second reduction electrode layer immersed in a third electrolytic solution; a second oxidation electrode layer immersed in a fourth electrolytic solution; a second generator electrically connected to the second reduction electrode and the second oxidation electrode layer; and at least one flow path out of a first flow path connecting the first storage part and the fourth storage part and a second flow path connecting the second storage part and the third storage part.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device includes: an electrolytic solution tank to store an electrolytic solution; an oxidation electrode disposed in the electrolytic solution tank; a reduction electrode disposed in the electrolytic solution tank; and a generator connected to the oxidation electrode and the reduction electrode. At least one of the oxidation electrode or the reduction electrode has a porous structure containing fine pores.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a photochemical reaction device includes: a solar cell; an electrolytic tank having a first tank storing a first solution including an oxidant and/or reductant of a redox medium and a second tank storing a second solution including water and/or proton; a first electrode set in the first tank, connected to a positive electrode of the solar cell through a first switching element, and connected to a negative electrode of the solar cell through a second switching element; and a second electrode set in the second tank, connected to the positive electrode of the solar cell through a third switching element, and connected to the negative electrode of the solar cell through a fourth switching element.