Abstract: Disclosed are adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid protein variants that have improved infectivity and transduction efficiency for target cells, and uses thereof. Specifically, the disclosure relates to AAV2 variant capsid proteins selected by directed evolution for gene delivery to retinal cells, recombinant AAV vectors comprising the same, and uses thereof as gene delivery vehicles to retinal cells.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a substrate including an active area and a non-active area, a plurality of insulating layers on the substrate, and a plurality of light emitting elements positioned in the active area on the insulating layers. A plurality of wiring lines is disposed in the non-active area on different insulating layers and at least partially overlaps each other. A plurality of pad electrodes is also disposed in the non-active area on the insulating layers and electrically connected to the wiring lines. One ends of the wiring lines are electrically connected to the same pad electrode, while the other ends are electrically connected to different pad electrodes. This configuration allows for detection of discontinuities in individual wiring lines and may improve the crack detectability in the display apparatus.

Abstract: An inspection system may be an EUV reticle inspection tool. The inspection system may include objective optics and imaging optics. The imaging optics may include pupil-relay optics. A first pupil-relay mirror of the pupil-relay optics may be extended into and retracted from the imaging path to enable imaging field images and pupil images on a detector. The pupil images may be used for measuring the intensity profile in pupil. Configurations of the pupil-relay optics may include the first pupil-relay mirror extending between a second and third objective mirrors of the objective optics or extending between fourth objective mirror of the objective optics and the detector.

Abstract: A catoptric (mirror-based) optical system uses Scheimpflug optics and non-concentric optics to generate unobscured highly magnified images (e.g., >100×) in EUV reticle inspection tools. The Scheimpflug optics collect light beams from an object plane and directs the light beams along a first optical axis to generate an intermediate image at an intermediate image plane that is oblique to the object plane. The non-concentric optics redirect the light beams from the first optical axis to a second optical axis that is perpendicular to the intermediate image plane and generates a magnified image on a final image plane that is parallel to the intermediate image plane. The Scheimpflug optics may include a first mirror positioned to collect light beams reflected normal to the object plane and a second mirror positioned adjacent to the normal direction and configured to redirect the light beams onto the first optical axis.

Abstract: A mirror assembly is disclosed. The mirror assembly includes an ellipsoid optical surface. The mirror assembly includes a hyperboloid optical surface, wherein the ellipsoid optical surface and the hyperboloid optical surface are arranged in a Wolter mirror configuration. The mirror assembly includes a substrate. The substrate includes a first portion, wherein the ellipsoid optical surface is located on the first portion of the substrate. The substrate includes a second portion, wherein the hyperboloid optical surface is located on the second portion of the substrate, wherein the first portion and the second portion form a monolithic body.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a display device includes a display panel in which a plurality of sub pixels connected to a plurality of scan lines is defined, a gate driver which supplies a scan signal to the plurality of scan lines, a timing controller which outputs a plurality of start signals to the gate driver, and a start control circuit connected between the timing controller and the gate driver. When at least two start signals, among the plurality of start signals, are a gate turn-on voltage of a pixel transistor to which the scan signal is supplied, the start control circuit stops outputting the plurality of start signals.

Abstract: An integrated circuit may include a substrate comprising a cell array area and a peripheral area, a plurality of lower electrodes in the cell array area, at least one supporter contacting the plurality of lower electrodes, a dielectric film covering the plurality of lower electrodes and the at least one supporter layer, an upper electrode covering the dielectric film, a plate layer surrounding a top surface and a side surface of the upper electrode, an oxide layer contacting a top surface of the plate layer, and a peripheral contact plug passing through an interlayer insulating layer and in the peripheral area of the substrate. The upper electrode comprises at least one protruding areas protruding in a lateral direction, and the integrated circuit device defines an air gap conformally surrounding the at least one protruding area of the upper electrode in the lateral direction.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to pharmaceutical compositions for the prevention or treatment wet age-related macular degeneration. In one aspect, the disclosure provides pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating wet age-related macular degeneration comprising nicotinamide, or derivatives thereof, as an active ingredient. Methods of treating or preventing wet age-related macular degeneration through administration of nicotinamide and derivatives thereof is also described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cover for a foldable electronic device. The cover includes: a first cover portion configured to be coupled to a first housing of the electronic device, a second cover portion configured to be coupled to a second housing of the electronic device, a connecting portion provided between the first cover portion and the second cover portion and extending in a first direction, the connecting portion being configured such that the first cover portion and the second cover portion are folded to be superimposed on each other or are unfolded, and a pen holder configured to at least partially accommodate a pen and mounted on the connecting portion to be detachable.