Abstract: A backlight apparatus for directing light toward a display panel and the resulting display device comprises an elongated illuminator that is disposed to direct light towards the display panel and a light diffusing element for uniformizing the light redirected from the two or more elongated illuminators to provide backlight illumination. Such an apparatus provides a more even light distribution to the display.

Abstract: A backlight unit comprises: (1) a light source; (2) a light guide plate (LGP) having an incident face toward the light source and having a refractive index nLGP; (3) a reflective polarizer having formed birefringence in optical contact with the LGP including a layer having parameters of the reflective polarizer selected to provide R0>0.8 for one polarization state and T90>0.8 for the orthogonal polarization state, for light of wavelength of 550 nm, for least one reflective polarizer angle of light incidence ?a.

Abstract: A light-guiding article has a film substrate that has at least one patterned surface having a plurality of discrete surface features and an incident edge that is substantially orthogonal to the at least one patterned surface. Each surface feature in the plurality of discrete surface features extends along a length direction that is substantially parallel to the incident edge. Taken in cross-section along the length direction, each surface feature has a positively sloped portion, a substantially flat portion, and a negatively sloped portion. A first widthwise cross-section taken at a first position through the positively sloped portion has the same shape as a second widthwise cross-section taken at a second position through the negatively sloped portion.

Abstract: A brightness enhancement article and illumination system provides light from a two-dimensional surface. The brightness enhancement article has a plurality of light collecting structures wherein each light collecting structure is longitudinally extended in a length direction along the surface. The structures may have various lengthwise shapes such as being curved, concentric, radial, or of varying thickness.

Abstract: Disclosed are agents that inhibit histone deacetylase. More specifically, the present invention relates to novel hydroxamic acid derivatives or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for anticancer agents or other therapeutic agents based on their histone deacetylase inhibitory activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite light guiding plate comprising a light guiding layer comprising an incident face for receiving light from at least one light source, a light guiding output surface that is also generally orthogonal to the incident face, a featured surface, opposite the light-guiding output surface and generally orthogonal to the input face for redirecting light through the light guiding output surface. Further, the featured surface comprises a plurality of rows of linear prismatic structures extended in a length direction that is substantially perpendicular to the incident face and having height and width dimensions of 10 to 200 microns and wherein the length-to-width aspect ratio of the linear prismatic structures is greater than 100:1 the thickness of the light guiding layer is less than 1 mm.

Abstract: A backlight unit comprises: (1) a light source; (2) a light guide plate (LGP) having an incident face toward the light source and having a refractive index nLGP; (3) a reflective polarizer having formed birefringence in optical contact with the LGP including a layer having parameters of the reflective polarizer selected to provide R0>0.8 for one polarization state and T90>0.8 for the orthogonal polarization state, for light of wavelength of 550 nm, for least one reflective polarizer angle of light incidence ?a.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus comprises: (a) at least one light source; (b) a light guide for accepting light from the at least one light source and for guiding the light using total internal reflection, the light guide having a top surface; (c) a light extracting film having an input surface optically coupled with the top surface and an output surface for providing light, wherein the input surface comprises a plurality of features which are optically coupled to the top surface of the light guide, such features having: (i) a first side comprising two or more planar segments; and (ii) a second side comprising two or more planar segments, and wherein either the length of at least some of the features is less than the width of the film or the first and second sides intersect at an apex.

Abstract: A backlight apparatus for directing light toward a display panel and the resulting display device comprises an elongated illuminator that is disposed to direct light towards the display panel and a light diffusing element for uniformizing the light redirected from the two or more elongated illuminators to provide backlight illumination. Such an apparatus provides a more even light distribution to the display.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light redirecting polymeric film comprising a plurality of polymeric individual optical elements wherein the elements comprise curved wedge shaped features in the plane of the film, having a length in the range of 800 to 4000 micrometers.

Abstract: An illumination device comprising in order from bottom to top (a) a solid transparent light transmission plate having a bottom and top surface, and (b) a light extraction unit having a light entry and a light extraction surface separated from the transmission plate by one or more optical interfaces, said light transmission plate comprising at least one cavity/light source unit comprising a cavity containing a light source and air or other material of refractive index less than the light transmission plate, wherein the light plate includes a surface for restricting the angle at which at least some of the light from the light source leaves the cavity, wherein the light extraction unit includes (1) a light polarizer (2) a light-scatterer, or (3) a light redirector.

Abstract: The invention provides a certain type of optical film, processes for making the film, and a backlight device containing the film. The film includes a substantially monolayer arrangement of beads partially submerged in a binder.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus comprises: (a) at least one light source; (b) a light guide for accepting light from the at least one light source and for guiding the light using total internal reflection, the light guide having a top surface; (c) a light extracting film having an input surface optically coupled with the top surface and an output surface for providing light, wherein the input surface comprises a plurality of features which are optically coupled to the top surface of the light guide, each feature having: (i) a first side comprising two or more planar segments; and (ii) a second side comprising two or more planar segments, and wherein the first and second sides intersect at an apex.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus comprises: (a) at least one light source; (b) a light guide for accepting light from the at least one light source and for guiding the light using total internal reflection, the light guide having a top surface; (c) a light extracting film having an input surface optically coupled with the top surface and an output surface for providing light, wherein the input surface comprises a plurality of features which are optically coupled to the top surface of the light guide, such features having: (i) a first side comprising two or more planar segments; and (ii) a second side comprising two or more planar segments, and wherein either the length of at least some of the features is less than the width of the film or the first and second sides intersect at an apex.

Abstract: This invention relates to an illumination apparatus comprising: (a) at least one light source; (b) a light guide for accepting light from the at least one light source and for guiding the light using total internal reflection, the light guide having a top surface; (c) a light redirecting film having an input surface optically coupled with the top surface and an output surface for providing redirected light, wherein the input surface comprises a plurality of light redirecting features which are optically coupled to the top surface, each light redirecting feature having: (i) a first side comprising two or more planar segments; and (ii) a second side comprising two or more planar segments, wherein the first and second sides intersect at an apex.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus for providing illumination, comprising: a) an array of surface-emitting light sources, wherein each surface-emitting light source directs a source illumination beam, over a beam angle ?, toward an illumination plane; b) an array of beam spreading optical elements corresponding with the array of surface-emitting light sources, wherein refraction of the source illumination beam by each beam spreading optical element substantially satisfies a distribution function: dy / d ? ? ? = f ? ( ? ) wherein y is a radial distance along the illumination plane from the optical axis of the beam-spreading optical element, dy is an arbitrarily small increment of the radial distance, d? is the angular increment of the beam angle corresponding to dy, and ƒ(?) is the distribution function for the angular distribution of the light source, such that each beam spreading optical element adjusts the luminous intensity of the source illumination beam from the corresponding surface-emitt

Abstract: A method includes electro-mechanical engraving a pattern of cavities with well defined shapes in a surface. The surface is configured to micro replicate according to the pattern. The surface may be a pattern roller. The cavities may have complex cross sections and may be cut by multiple cutters. The molding pattern may be for micro replication of optical elements of a light redirecting film or a light extracting film.

Abstract: A method for fabrication of a rear projection article forms an arrangement of refractive elements on one surface of a transparent support and forms an apertured surface on the opposite surface of the support. A photographic positive reversal emulsion is applied to the opposite surface of the substrate to form a light-sensitive layer. Visible light is directed, as exposure radiation, through the refractive elements, exposing the light sensitive layer to form an exposed layer. The exposed layer is developed photographically using a positive reversal process to form the apertured surface thereby.