Abstract: The invention relates to the use of certain cyclic acetals or ketals for improving the penetration of pharmaceutical agents into cells and organs.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of forming an immobilized chemical moiety, such as a trifunctional chemical moiety that includes membrane-anchoring functionalities, on a solid support for use in automated chemical synthesis of a recognition molecule. The invention is further directed to a method of easily and efficiently synthesizing chemical moieties such as those used for biosensor applications. The invention is further directed to a composition, i.e., a solid support having a trifunctional chemical moiety linked thereto, that can be readily and easily used to generate biological molecules for applications, such as biosensor applications.

Abstract: The transmission and use of real, i. e. of measured, room impulse responses for the reproduction of sound signals with this room characteristic compatible to the MPEG-4 standard is made possible by inserting impulse responses in multiple successive control parameter fields, especially the params[128] array. A first control parameter field contains information about the number and content of the following fields. For presentation of the sound signals the content of the successive control parameter fields is separated, stored in an additional memory of a node and used during the calculation of the room characteristic.

Abstract: This invention is related to a process for the controlled release into a cleaning environment of an active ingredient of a detergent or detergent additive composition wherein the cleaning environment, to which the detergent or detergent additive composition has been delivered, is exposed to an electric, magnetic or electromagnetic field at an appropriate point in time and for an appropriate time period wherein the release is effective by chemical and/or physical modification, initiated by said field, of at least one specific compound, the modified compound not being directly involved in bleaching; a detergent or detergent additive component with such functionality; a detergent or detergent composition comprising such detergent or detergent additive component; processes for cleaning dishes in an automatic dishwashing machine or for washing fabrics in a laundry washing machine using such detergent compositions; as well as the use of an electric, magnetic or electromagnetic field to control the release of an act

Abstract: An improved process and catalyst system for the isomerization of halothiophenes. More particularly, an improved process for the isomerization of 2-halothiopehenes to 3-halothiophenes by reacting a 2-halothiophene with a catalyst and in the presence of a base. The addition of a base additive to the acidic zeolite catalyst allows the desired isomerization reaction to take place while suppressing side-reactions that result in the decomposition of thiophene rings. The catalyst lifetime is thus increased and the amount of catalyst needed for the reaction is reduced, lowering cost.

Abstract: An aqueous polymer dispersion is prepared by free radical aqueous emulsion polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound (monomer) in the presence of at least one dispersant and at least one water-soluble and one oil-soluble free radical initiator by a process in which the polymerization temperature increases from the starting reaction temperature TS to the end reaction temperature TE in the course of the polymerization reaction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid distribution unit (10, 20) for dividing a liquid current into a plurality of partial currents. Said unit comprises at least one liquid inlet (13, 23) for the supplied liquid current, a plurality of liquid outlets (14; 24) for the partial currents, and a plurality of channels (15, 25) connecting the liquid inlets (13, 23) to the liquid outlets (14, 24). Said unit is characterised in that the channels (15, 25) symmetrically and respectively branch off (16, 26) into upstream channels (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d, 15c; 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d, 25c) and each connection leading from the liquid inlet (13; 23 ) to one of the liquid outlets (14; 24) comprises the same channels (15, 25) and the same branches (16, 26). A liquid distribution device for the divided distributiion of at least two different liquids; comprises a plurality of such liquid distribution units (10, 20) placed flatly on top of each other.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to labeled compounds of the formula Ar-Z1-Q-Z2 where Ar is an aryl group is selected from the group consisting of 1-naphthyl, substituted 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, substituted 2-naphthyl, and phenyl groups with the structure wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a C1-C4 lower alkyl, a halogen, a phenyl, an alkoxy group and an amino group from the group consisting of NH2, NHR and NRR? where R and R? are each a C1-C4 lower alkyl, Q is selected from the group consisting of 13CH2, 13CDH and 13CD2, and Z1 is selected from the group consisting of —S—, —S(?O)—, —S(?O)2—, —Se—, —Se(?O)—, and —Se(?O)2—, Z2 is selected from the group consisting of —Si(R6R7R8), —O(R9), —Se—Ar, —Se(?O)—Ar, —Se(?O)2—Ar, —S—Ar, —S(?O)—Ar, and —S(?O)2—Ar wherein R6, R7 and R8 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a C1-C4 lower alkyl, R9 is a C1-C4 lower alkyl or an R10—Ar group where R10 is a C1-C4 alkylene group.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer powder by evaporating the volatile constituents from an aqueous dispersion of a film-forming polymer P, wherein prior to the evaporation of the volatile constituents the aqueous polymer dispersion still comprises drying assistants T, present in an amount of from 0.1 to 80% by weight, based on the polymer P of the dispersion, and there being used as drying assistant T polyvinylformamide. The polyvinylformamide used preferably has a K value (KW), determined by the method of Fikentscher in accordance with DIN 53726, of from 5 to 50.

Abstract: The present invention includes portions or extracts of any kind, which can be obtained from the plant Vitex agnus-castus (monk pepper) and can be used as repellent against bothersome, lymph-and/or blood-sucking, skin penetrating, respectively food, storage materials—or plant—damaging arthropods (mites, ticks, insects). Thus, this repellent protects the health of humans, pet animals and livestock, plants and stored materials.

Abstract: In a filtration device (1) comprising a pressure-resistant housing (2) with a liquid inlet opening (3) and an outlet opening (4) for filtered matter, into which a collecting channel (12) terminates, at least one filter element (8–11) designed as flat membrane is connected to the collecting channel (12) in a pressure-tight manner. This device provides a high liquid throughput at the same time having a compact construction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of high-purity chemicals with an extremely low particle count, such as ammonia gas, hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen chloride, which are also used as aqueous solutions in semiconductor technology the corrosive gas is enriched with an absorbent which is miscible with the gas and in which impurities present in the gas are soluble, and the gas is subsequently subjected to membrane filtration.

Abstract: In the MPEG-4 standard ISO/IEC 14496:2001 several audio objects that can be coded with different MPEG-4 format coding types can together form a composed audio system representing a single soundtrack from the several audio substreams. In a receiver the multiple audio objects are decoded separately, but not directly played back to a listener. Instead, transmitted instructions for mixdown are used to prepare a single soundtrack. Mixdown conflicts can occur in case the audio signals to be combined have different channel numbers or configurations. According to the invention an additional audio channel configuration node is used that tags the correct channel configuration information items to the decoded audio data streams to be presented. The invention enables the content provider to set the channel configuration in such a way that the presenter at receiver side can produce a correct channel presentation under all circumstances.

Abstract: Method for describing the composition of audio signals, which are encoded as separate audio objects. The arrangement and the processing of the audio objects in a sound scene is described by nodes arranged hierarchically in a scene description. A node specified only for spatialization on a 2D screen using a 2D vector describes a 3D position of an audio object using said 2D vector and a ID value describing the depth of said audio object. In a further embodiment a mapping of the coordinates is performed, which enables the movement of a graphical object in the screen plane to be mapped to a movement of an audio object in the depth perpendicular to said screen plane.

Abstract: In a filtration device (1) comprising a pressure-resistant housing (2) with a liquid inlet opening (3) and an outlet opening (4) for filtered matter, into which a collecting channel (12) terminates, at least one filter element (8-11) designed as flat membrane is connected to the collecting channel (12) in a pressure-tight manner. This device provides a high liquid throughput at the same time having a compact construction.

Abstract: A parametric description describing the wideness of a non-point sound source is generated and linked with the audio signal of said sound source. A presentation of said non-point sound source by multiple decorrelated point sound sources at different positions is defined. Different diffuseness algorithms are applied for ensuring a decorrelation of the respective outputs. According to a further embodiment primitive shapes of several distributed uncorellated sound sources are defined, e.g. a box, a sphere and a cylinder. The width of a sound source can also be defined by an opening-angle relative to the listener. Furthermore, the primitive shapes can be combined to do more complex shapes.

Abstract: A method for decoding a data stream containing audio/video substreams and control substreams comprises buffering nodes having the possibility to buffer multiple data packets in the same buffer. This may be achieved by having separate parameters for the allocated buffer size and any stored packet. Thus, not only multiple packets may be stored in the buffering node, but also such node may exist while its buffer is empty, so that the node may be reused later. This is particularly useful for buffering and selectively accessing multiple audio packets in MPEG-4 audio nodes or sound nodes.

Abstract: An improved process and catalyst system for the isomerization of halothiophenes. More particularly, an improved process for the isomerization of 2-halothiopehenes to 3-halothiophenes by reacting a 2-halothiophene with a catalyst and in the presence of a base. The addition of a base additive to the acidic zeolite catalyst allows the desired isomerization reaction to take place while suppressing side-reactions that result in the decomposition of thiophene rings. The catalyst lifetime is thus increased and the amount of catalyst needed for the reaction is reduced, lowering cost.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a stable aqueous copolymer dispersion by free-radically initiated aqueous emulsion polymerization of a) from 19.9 to 80 parts by weight of conjugated aliphatic dienes [monomers a)], b) from 19.9 to 80 parts by weight of vinylaromatic compounds [monomers b)], c) from 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids and/or dicarboxylic acids [monomers c)], d) from 0 to 20 parts by weight of ethylenically unsaturated carbonitriles [monomers d)], and e) from 0 to 20 parts by weight of copolymerizable compounds other than monomers b) [monomers e)], the total amount of ethylenically unsaturated monomers a) to e) being 100 parts by weight, in the presence of water and from 0.