Abstract: The invention is directed to methods for analyzing polymers comprising linear chains of at least two types of monomers, such as polynucleotides, including DNA, RNA, and the like, using nanopores and optical detection. In some embodiments, as few as two different kinds of nucleotide are labeled with different optical labels that generate distinguishable optical signals for the selected kinds of nucleotide in both sense strands and antisense strands of target polynucleotides. Labeled strands are translocated through nanopores where nucleotides of the strands are constrained to pass sequentially through an optical detection region where their labels generate a sequence of optical signals making up an optical signature. In some embodiments, information from optical signatures from both sense and antisense strands are combined to determine complete nucleotide sequences of target polynucleotides.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for analyzing polynucleotides using nanopores that allow passage of single stranded polynucleotides but not double stranded polynucleotides. In accordance with some embodiments, a double-stranded product is produced that comprises a labeled strand with a single stranded tail or overhang. The double stranded product is exposed to one or more nanopores in the presence of an electric field across the one or more nanopores such that the single stranded tail may be captured and the labeled strand translocated by unzipping from the double stranded product. The ionic composition of the reaction mixture and electric field strength are selected so that nucleotides translocate a nanopore at a rate of less than 1000 nucleotides per second.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods for analyzing polymers comprising linear chains of at least two types of monomers, such as polynucleotides, including DNA, RNA, and the like, using nanopores and optical detection. In some embodiments, as few as two different kinds of nucleotide are labeled with different optical labels that generate distinguishable optical signals for the selected kinds of nucleotide in both sense strands and antisense strands of target polynucleotides. Labeled strands are translocated through nanopores where nucleotides of the strands are constrained to pass sequentially through an optical detection region where their labels generate a sequence of optical signals making up an optical signature. In some embodiments, information from optical signatures from both sense and antisense strands are combined to determine complete nucleotide sequences of target polynucleotides.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for analyzing polynucleotides using nanopores that allow passage of single stranded polynucleotides but not double stranded polynucleotides. In accordance with some embodiments, a double-stranded product is produced that comprises a labeled strand with a single stranded tail or overhang. The double stranded product is exposed to one or more nanopores in the presence of an electric field across the one or more nanopores such that the single stranded tail may be captured and the labeled strand translocated by unzipping from the double stranded product. The ionic composition of the reaction mixture and electric field strength are selected so that nucleotides translocate a nanopore at a rate of less than 1000 nucleotides per second.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and compositions for determining the average length or abundance of a first target nucleic by calculating the abundance of a first target nucleic acid (T) relative to the average abundance (S) of a second and a third target nucleic acid, in a single well using a separate detection label for each target nucleic acid. In various aspects, the first target nucleic acid is a telomere. In exemplary aspects, the disclosed methods and compositions can be used to determine the average telomere length in a biological sample. The average telomere length determined using the disclosed methods and compositions can be correlated to a variety of clinically important conditions and indices. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and compositions for determining the average length or abundance of a first target nucleic by calculating the abundance of a first target nucleic acid (T) relative to the average abundance (S) of a second and a third target nucleic acid, in a single well using a separate detection label for each target nucleic acid. In various aspects, the first target nucleic acid is a telomere. In exemplary aspects, the disclosed methods and compositions can be used to determine the average telomere length in a biological sample. The average telomere length determined using the disclosed methods and compositions can be correlated to a variety of clinically important conditions and indices. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for performing PCR with primers with blocked 3?-ends that are unblocked when these primers anneal to the template. The multiplexed PCR can be used as real-time qPCR, for end-point detection or as enrichment method for next generation sequencing (NGS). Also described herein are methods and compositions to improve sensitivity of mutation-specific PCR when targeting closely-spaced mutations.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for performing PCR with primers with blocked 3?-ends that are unblocked when these primers anneal to the template. The multiplexed PCR can be used as real-time qPCR, for end-point detection or as enrichment method for next generation sequencing (NGS). Also described herein are methods and compositions to improve sensitivity of mutation-specific PCR when targeting closely-spaced mutations.

Abstract: The present teachings provide methods, compositions, and kits for detecting the presence of protein aggregates. In some embodiments, the protein aggregate is treated with a labeled precursor, and the labeled precursor is incorporated into the protein aggregate to form a labeled protein aggregate. The labeled protein aggregate is then measured, thus detecting the presence of the protein aggregate. In some embodiments, the labeled protein aggregate is detected by interaction of labeled precursors, for example by a proximity ligation assay.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and compositions for determining the average length or abundance of a first target nucleic by calculating the abundance of a first target nucleic acid (T) relative to the average abundance (S) of a second and a third target nucleic acid, in a single well using a separate detection label for each target nucleic acid. In various aspects, the first target nucleic acid is a telomere. In exemplary aspects, the disclosed methods and compositions can be used to determine the average telomere length in a biological sample. The average telomere length determined using the disclosed methods and compositions can be correlated to a variety of clinically important conditions and indices. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for performing PCR with primers with blocked 3?-ends that are unblocked when these primers anneal to the template. The multiplexed PCR can be used as real-time qPCR, for end-point detection or as enrichment method for next generation sequencing (NGS). Also described herein are methods and compositions to improve sensitivity of mutation-specific PCR when targeting closely-spaced mutations.

Abstract: The present teachings provide methods, compositions, and kits for detecting the presence of protein aggregates. In some embodiments, the protein aggregate is treated with a labeled precursor, and the labeled precursor is incorporated into the protein aggregate to form a labeled protein aggregate. The labeled protein aggregate is then measured, thus detecting the presence of the protein aggregate. In some embodiments, the labeled protein aggregate is detected by interaction of labeled precursors, for example by a proximity ligation assay.

Abstract: The present teachings provide methods, compositions, and kits for detecting the presence of protein aggregates. In some embodiments, the protein aggregate is treated with a labeled precursor, and the labeled precursor is incorporated into the protein aggregate to form a labeled protein aggregate. The labeled protein aggregate is then measured, thus detecting the presence of the protein aggregate. In some embodiments, the labeled protein aggregate is detected by interaction of labeled precursors, for example by a proximity ligation assay.

Abstract: The present teachings provide methods, compositions, and kits for quantifying target polynucleotides. In some embodiments, a reverse stem-loop ligation probe is ligated to the 3? end of a target polynucleotide, using a ligase that can ligate the 3? end of RNA to the 5? end of DNA using a DNA template, such as T4 DNA ligase. Following digestion to form an elongated target polynucleotide with a liberated end, a reverse transcription reaction can be performed, followed by a PCR. In some embodiments, the methods of the present teachings can discriminate between polymorphic polynucleoitides that vary by as little as one nucleotide.

Abstract: The invention provides human protease molecules (HUPM) and polynucleotides which identify and encode HUPM. The invention also provides expression vectors, host cells, antibodies, agonists, and antagonists. The invention also provides methods for treating or preventing disorders associated with expression of HUPM.

Abstract: The invention provides human transmembrane proteins (HTMPN) and polynucleotides which identify and encode HTMPN. The invention also provides expression vectors, host cells, antibodies, agonists, and antagonists. The invention also provides methods for diagnosing, treating, or preventing disorders associated with expression of HTMPN.

Abstract: The invention provides a human signal peptide-containing proteins (SIGP) and polynucleotides which identify and encode SIGP. The invention also provides expression vectors, host cells, antibodies, agonists, and antagonists. The invention also provides methods for treating or preventing disorders associated with expression of SIGP.

Abstract: The invention provides a human signal peptide-containing proteins (SIGP) and polynucleotides which identify and encode SIGP. The invention also provides expression vectors, host cells, antibodies, agonists, and antagonists. The invention also provides methods for treating or preventing disorders associated with expression of SIGP.

Abstract: The present invention provides amino acid sequences of peptides that are encoded by genes within the human genome, the phospholipase peptides of the present invention. The present invention specifically provides isolated peptide and nucleic acid molecules, methods of identifying orthologs and paralogs of the phospholipase peptides, and methods of identifying modulators of the phospholipase peptides.

Abstract: The present invention provides amino acid sequences of peptides that are encoded by genes within the human genome, the kinase peptides of the present invention. The present invention specifically provides isolated peptide and nucleic acid molecules, methods of identifying orthologs and paralogs of the kinase peptides, and methods of identifying modulators of the kinase peptides.