Abstract: A sensor comprises a semiconductor pellet (10) including a working portion (11) adapted to undergo action of a force, a fixed portion (13) fixed on the sensor body, and a flexible portion (13) having flexibility formed therebetween, a working body (20) for transmitting an exterted force to the working portion, and detector means (60-63) for transforming a mechanical deformation produced in the semiconductor pellet to an electric signal to thereby detect a force exerted on the working body as an electric signal. A signal processing circuit is applied to the sensor. This circuit uses analog multipliers (101-109) and analog adders/subtracters (111-113), and has a function to cancel interference produced in different directions. Within the sensor, two portions (E3, E4-E8) located at positions opposite to each other and producing a displacement therebetween by action of a force are determined. By exerting a coulomb force between both the portions, the test of the sensor is carried out.

Abstract: The invention provides a force detector in which power consumption is suppressed. Four electrodes E11 through E14 are formed on a substrate, and an elastic deformable body formed of a rubber film is disposed thereon. A conductive coating is applied on the lower surface of the elastic deformable body to provide a displacing conductive layer 26. Four capacitance elements C11 through C14 are comprised by the electrodes E11 through E14 and the displacing conductive layer 26 opposed to the electrodes. The capacitance values thereof are converted into voltage values V11 through V14 by C/V converter circuit 50, and based on operation by signal processing circuit 60, an external force applied to the elastic deformable body is detected.

Abstract: An electrode layer is formed on the upper surface of a first substrate, and a processing for partially removing the substrate is carried out in order to allow the substrate to have flexibility. To the lower surface of the first substrate, a second substrate is connected. Then, by cutting the second substrate, a working body and a pedestal are formed. On the other hand, a groove is formed on a third substrate. An electrode layer is formed on the bottom surface of the groove. The third substrate is connected to the first substrate so that both the electrodes face to each other with a predetermined spacing therebetween. Finally, the first, second and third substrates are cut off every respective unit regions to form independent sensors, respectively. When an acceleration is exerted on the working body, the first substrate bends. As a result, the distance between both the electrodes changes. Thus, an acceleration exerted is detected by changes in an electrostatic capacitance between both the electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention easily achieves an accurate control structure for limiting displacement of a weight. An SOI substrate with a trilaminar structure including a silicon layer, a silicon oxide layer, and a silicon layer is prepared, and slits are opened by applying induced coupling plasma etching which can selectively remove only silicon from the upper side. Then, the same etching is applied from the lower side to form grooves, whereby the lower silicon layer is separated into a weight and a pedestal. Next, the structure is immersed in an etchant which can selectively remove only silicon oxide, whereby the vicinities of exposed portions of the silicon oxide layer are removed to form joint layers. A glass substrate is joined to the bottom surface of the pedestal. Piezo resistor elements are formed on the upper surface of the silicon layer to detect bending. The degree of freedom of upward displacements of the weight is accurately set based on the thickness of the joint layer.

Abstract: A hair cosmetic product has a two agent type hair cosmetic which comprises a first agent containing an alkali agent and a second agent containing hydrogen peroxide, wherein at least one of the first and second agents contains a surfactant; and a foamer vessel which discharges a mixed liquid comprising the first and second agents in the form of foam. Another hair cosmetic product has a two agent type hair cosmetic which contains a first agent that includes an alkali agent and a second agent that includes hydrogen peroxide, and which is used after mixing the first and second agents immediately prior to use, and a foamer vessel from which a mixed liquid of the first and second agents is discharged in the form of foam. A surfactant is contained in the mixed liquid at an amount of 0.1 to 10 wt %, and the viscosity of the mixed liquid at 25° C. is 1 to 300 mPa·s.

Abstract: The invention provides a force detector in which power consumption is suppressed. Four electrodes (E11-E14) are formed on a substrate, and an elastic deformable body formed of a ruber film is disposed thereon. A conductive coating is applied on the lower surface of the elastic deformable body to provide a displacing conductive layer (26). Four capacitance elements (C11-C14) are comprised by the electrodes (E11-E14) and the displacing conductive layer (26) opposed to the electrodes. The capacitance values thereof are converted into voltage values (V11-V14) by C/V converter circuit (50), and based on operation by signal processing circuit (60), an external force applied to the elastic deformable body is detected. A pair of contacting electrodes (E15) and (E16) are formed on the substrate, and when an external force with a predetermined strength or more is applied, the elastic deformable body deforms, and the displacing conductive layer (26) comes into contact with both electrodes (E15) and (E16).

Abstract: A sensor comprises a semiconductor pellet (10) including a working portion (11) adapted to undergo action of a force, a fixed portion (13) fixed on the sensor body, and a flexible portion (13) having flexibility formed therebetween, a working body (20) for transmitting an exterted force to the working portion, and detector means (60-63) for transforming a mechanical deformation produced in the semiconductor pellet to an electric signal to thereby detect a force exerted on the working body as an electric signal. A signal processing circuit is applied to the sensor. This circuit uses analog multipliers (101-109) and analog adders/subtracters (111-113), and has a function to cancel interference produced in different directions. Within the sensor, two portions (E3, E4-E8) located at positions opposite to each other and producing a displacement therebetween by action of a force are determined. By exerting a coulomb force between both the portions, the test of the sensor is carried out.

Abstract: Forces and moments are detected in a distinguishing manner by a simple structure. A supporting member (20) is positioned below a force receiving member (10), which receives forces to be detected, and between these components, at least two columnar force transmitting members (11, 12) are connected. Connecting members having flexibility are interposed at the upper and lower ends of each of columnar force transmitting members (11, 12) so that columnar force transmitting members (11, 12) can become inclined when force receiving member (10) becomes displaced upon receiving a force. Sensors (21, 22) are positioned at the respective connection parts of columnar force transmitting members (11, 12) and supporting member (20) to detect forces that are transmitted from the respective columnar force transmitting members (11, 12) to supporting member (20).

Abstract: Forces and moments are detected in a distinguished manner by a simple structure. An outer box-like structure formed of a metal is set on top of an insulating substrate and an insulating inner box-like structure is contained in the interior. Five electrodes E1 to E5 are positioned on a top plate of the inner box-like structure. Four electrodes E6 to E9 are positioned on the four side surfaces of the inner box-like structure. Capacitance elements C1 to C5 are arranged by electrodes E1 to E5 and a top plate of the outer box-like structure and capacitance elements C6 to C9 are arranged by electrodes E6 to E9 and side plates of the outer box-like structure.

Abstract: An electrode layer is formed on the upper surface of a first substrate, and a processing for partially removing the substrate is carried out in order to allow the substrate to have flexibility. To the lower surface of the first substrate, a second substrate is connected. Then, by cutting the second substrate, a working body and a pedestal are formed. On the other hand, a groove is formed on a third substrate. An electrode layer is formed on the bottom surface of the groove. The third substrate is connected to the first substrate so that both the electrodes face to each other with a predetermined spacing therebetween. Finally, the first, second and third substrates are cut off every respective unit regions to form independent sensors, respectively. When an acceleration is exerted on the working body, the first substrate bends. As a result, the distance between both the electrodes changes. Thus, an acceleration exerted is detected by changes in an electrostatic capacitance between both the electrodes.

Abstract: The invention provides a force detector in which power consumption is suppressed. Four electrodes E11 through E14 are formed on a substrate, and an elastic deformable body formed of a rubber film is disposed thereon. A conductive coating is applied on the lower surface of the elastic deformable body to provide a displacing conductive layer 26. Four capacitance elements C11 through C14 are comprised by the electrodes E11 through E14 and the displacing conductive layer 26 opposed to the electrodes. The capacitance values thereof are converted into voltage values V11 through V14 by C/V converter circuit 50, and based on operation by signal processing circuit 60, an external force applied to the elastic deformable body is detected.

Abstract: The present invention easily achieves an accurate control structure for limiting displacement of a weight. An SOI substrate with a trilaminar structure including a silicon layer, a silicon oxide layer, and a silicon layer is prepared, and slits are opened by applying induced coupling plasma etching which can selectively remove only silicon from the upper side. Then, the same etching is applied from the lower side to form grooves, whereby the lower silicon layer is separated into a weight and a pedestal. Next, the structure is immersed in an etchant which can selectively remove only silicon oxide, whereby the vicinities of exposed portions of the silicon oxide layer are removed to form joint layers. A glass substrate is joined to the bottom surface of the pedestal. Piezo resistor elements are formed on the upper surface of the silicon layer to detect bending. The degree of freedom of upward displacements of the weight is accurately set based on the thickness of the joint layer.

Abstract: An electrode layer is formed on the upper surface of a first substrate, and a processing for partially removing the substrate is carried out in order to allow the substrate to have flexibility. To the lower surface of the first substrate, a second substrate is connected. Then, by cutting the second substrate, a working body and a pedestal are formed. On the other hand, a groove is formed on a third substrate. An electrode layer is formed on the bottom surface of the groove. The third substrate is connected to the first substrate so that both the electrodes face to each other with a predetermined spacing therebetween. Finally, the first, second and third substrates are cut off every respective unit regions to form independent sensors, respectively. When an acceleration is exerted on the working body, the first substrate bends. As a result, the distance between both the electrodes changes. Thus, an acceleration exerted is detected by changes in an electrostatic capacitance between both the electrodes.

Abstract: An efficient rotational-operation-quantity input device suitable to be built into a small electrical appliance is provided. An operational force applied by an operator is input in time series as a coordinate value (x, y) in an XY two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system by a two-dimensional force sensor 100, and is converted into a coordinate value (r, &thgr;) by a polar-coordinate converting section 200.

Abstract: The present invention easily achieves an accurate control structure for limiting displacement of a weight. An SOI substrate with a trilaminar structure including a silicon layer, a silicon oxide layer, and a silicon layer is prepared, and slits are opened by applying induced coupling plasma etching which can selectively remove only silicon from the upper side. Then, the same etching is applied from the lower side to form grooves, whereby the lower silicon layer is separated into a weight and a pedestal. Next, the structure is immersed in an etchant which can selectively remove only silicon oxide, whereby the vicinities of exposed portions of the silicon oxide layer are removed to form joint layers. A glass substrate is joined to the bottom surface of the pedestal. Piezo resistor elements are formed on the upper surface of the silicon layer to detect bending. The degree of freedom of upward displacements of the weight is accurately set based on the thickness of the joint layer.

Abstract: A flexible substrate (110) having flexibility and a fixed substrate (120) disposed so as to oppose it are supported at their peripheral portions by a sensor casing (140). An oscillator (130) is fixed on the lower surface of the flexible substrate. Five lower electrode layers (F1 to F5: F1 and F2 are disposed at front and back of F5) are formed on the upper surface of the flexible substrate. Five upper electrode layers (E1 to E5) are formed on the lower surface of the fixed substrate so as to oppose the lower electrodes. In the case of detecting an angular velocity &ohgr; x about the X-axis, an a.c. voltage is applied across a predetermined pair of opposite electrode layers (E5, F5) to allow the oscillator to undergo oscillation Uz in the Z-axis direction. Thus, a Coriolis force Fy proportional to the angular velocity &ohgr;x is applied to the oscillator in the Y-axis. By this Coriolis force Fy, the oscillator is caused to undergo displacement in the Y-axis direction.

Abstract: An intermediate displacement board (120) composed of a metal plate is arranged on a printed circuit board (110) having electrode patterns (E1-E7) and then a strain generative body (130) composed of silicon rubber is arranged on top thereof. Then, the arrangement is fixed to the printed circuit board (110) with attachments (140). Depressing a displacement portion (133) causes a connecting portion (132) to be deflected and an electrode (F0) to be brought into contact with the electrodes (E1, E2) to make them conductive, thereby allowing the pushbutton switch to be turned ON. Depressing further the displacement portion (133) causes an elastic deformation portion (134) to be elastically deformed and crushed and the intermediate displacement board (120) to be pushed downward. The capacitance of capacitors (C3-C7), which are constituted by the electrodes (E3-E7) and the intermediate displacement board (120), are varied according to the depression of the intermediate displacement board (120).

Abstract: The invention provides a force detector in which power consumption is suppressed. Four electrodes E11 through E14 are formed on a substrate, and an elastic deformable body formed of a rubber film is disposed thereon. A conductive coating is applied on the lower surface of the elastic deformable body to provide a displacing conductive layer 26. Four capacitance elements C11 through C14 are comprised by the electrodes E11 through E14 and the displacing conductive layer 26 opposed to the electrodes. The capacitance values thereof are converted into voltage values V11 through V14 by C/V converter circuit 50, and based on operation by signal processing circuit 60, an external force applied to the elastic deformable body is detected.

Abstract: An electrode layer is formed on the upper surface of a first substrate, and a processing for partially removing the substrate is carried out in order to allow the substrate to have flexibility. To the lower surface of the first substrate, a second substrate is connected. Then, by cutting the second substrate, a working body and a pedestal are formed. On the other hand, a groove is formed on a third substrate. An electrode layer is formed on the bottom surface of the groove. The third substrate is connected to the first substrate so that both the electrodes face to each other with a predetermined spacing therebetween. Finally, the first, second and third substrates are cut off every respective unit regions to form independent sensors, respectively. When an acceleration is exerted on the, working body, the first substrate bends. As a result, the distance between both the electrodes changes. Thus, an acceleration exerted is detected by changes in an electrostatic capacitance between both the electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electronic mail composing device including an editing unit for editing an electronic mail by setting either to attach content of at least one attachment file or to notify only a title of the attachment file. The electronic mail composing device also includes a generating unit for generating the electronic mail with the notified title of the attachment file and a communication unit for transmitting the electronic mail attached with the content of the attachment file or the electronic mail with the notified title generated in the generating unit.