Abstract: A substrate aligning apparatus comprising: an aligning section that aligns a first substrate and a second substrate together; an acquiring section that acquires positional information on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate, by the time the first substrate and the second substrate which have been aligned in the aligning section are carried out from the aligning section; a judging that judges misalignment of the first substrate and the second substrate, based on information acquired by the acquiring section.

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound represented by formula (Y1) or (Y2) [wherein IV is an optionally substituted carbocyclyl lower alkyl, or the like] or a salt thereof, using a novel process for preparing a pyridone derivative represented by formula (X4) [wherein R1d is hydrogen, halogen, or the like; R2d is hydrogen, a lower alkyl optionally substituted with substituent E, or the like; R4d is a lower alkyl optionally substituted with substituent E, or the like; and R6d is a lower alkyl group optionally substituted with substituent group E, or the like].

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound represented by formula (Y1) or (Y2) [wherein Rx is an optionally substituted carbocyclyl lower alkyl, or the like] or a salt thereof, using a novel process for preparing a pyridone derivative represented by formula (X4) [wherein R1d is hydrogen, halogen, or the like; R2d is hydrogen, a lower alkyl optionally substituted with substituent E, or the like; R4d is a lower alkyl optionally substituted with substituent E, or the like; and R6d is a lower alkyl group optionally substituted with substituent group E, or the like].

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound represented by formula (Y1) or (Y2) [wherein Rx is an optionally substituted carbocyclyl lower alkyl, or the like] or a salt thereof, using a novel process for preparing a pyridone derivative represented by formula (X4) [wherein R1d is hydrogen, halogen, or the like; R2d is hydrogen, a lower alkyl optionally substituted with substituent E, or the like; R4d is a lower alkyl optionally substituted with substituent E, or the like; and R6d is a lower alkyl group optionally substituted with substituent group E, or the like].

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound represented by formula (Y1) or (Y2) [wherein RX is an optionally substituted carbocyclyl lower alkyl, or the like] or a salt thereof, using a novel process for preparing a pyridone derivative represented by formula (X4) [wherein R1d is hydrogen, halogen, or the like; R2d is hydrogen, a lower alkyl optionally substituted with substituent E, or the like; R4d is a lower alkyl optionally substituted with substituent E, or the like; and R6d is a lower alkyl group optionally substituted with substituent group E, or the like].

Abstract: A PET-MRI apparatus according to an embodiment includes a static magnetic field magnet, a gradient coil, a birdcage-type radio frequency coil, and at least one PET detector. The static magnetic field magnet is configured to generate a static magnetic field. The gradient coil is configured to apply a gradient magnetic field to a subject placed in the static magnetic field. The radio frequency coil includes two end rings and a plurality of rungs arranged at intervals along a circumferential direction of the end rings and is configured to transmit a radio frequency pulse or to receive a magnetic resonance signal from the subject. Further, the PET detector is housed inside a conductor structuring the rungs of the radio frequency coil.

Abstract: In a PET (Positron Emission Tomography)-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) apparatus of an embodiment, a magnet that is a seamless structure generates a static magnetic field in a bore having a cylindrical shape. First detectors and second detectors are each formed in a ring shape and detect gamma rays emitted from positron emitting radionuclides injected into a subject. The first detectors and the second detectors are disposed with a space therebetween in an axial direction of the bore so as to interpose the magnetic field center of the static magnetic field therebetween.

Abstract: An image sensor includes: a first light-receiving unit that: receives a modulated optical signal having being reflected on an image-capturing target and including a modulated component with an intensity modulated at a predetermined modulation frequency; and outputs a first electrical signal; a second light-receiving unit that: receives a reference optical signal with an intensity modulated in synchronization with the modulated optical signal; and outputs a second electrical signal; and a detecting unit that: is provided to a substrate stacked on a substrate including the first light-receiving unit; refers to the second electrical signal; and detects, from the first electrical signal, a third electrical signal corresponding to the modulated component.

Abstract: In a PET (Positron Emission Tomography)-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) apparatus of an embodiment, a transmitting radio frequency coil applies a radio frequency magnetic field on a subject placed in a static magnetic field. A detector is formed in a ring shape, disposed on a side adjacent to an outer circumference of the transmitting radio frequency coil, includes at least two PET detectors disposed with a space therebetween in an axial direction of a bore so as to interpose the magnetic field center of the static magnetic field therebetween, and detects gamma rays emitted from positron emitting radionuclides injected into the subject. Radio frequency shields are each formed in an approximately cylindrical shape, disposed between the transmitting radio frequency coil and the detector, and shield the radio frequency magnetic field generated by the transmitting radio frequency coil.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus provided with a plurality of transmission channels includes a signal processing unit and a control unit. The signal processing unit acquires a radio frequency magnetic field emitted from each of the plurality of transmission channels through a receiver coil mounted on an object and measure a phase of the radio frequency magnetic field. The control unit determines a phase difference between the plurality of transmission channels based on the phase of the radio frequency magnetic field of each of the plurality of transmission channels measured by the signal processing unit. The control unit controls a phase of a radio frequency pulse inputted to each of the plurality of transmission channels, based on the phase difference.

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound shown by formula (W5): wherein each Hal is independently chloro or bromo, using a novel process for preparing a pyridine derivative represented by formula (W2), wherein R6d is as defined herein.

Abstract: A platoon travel system organizes a platoon having plural platoon vehicles traveling in two vehicle groups, in which a preset inter-vehicle distance is reserved between each of the platoon vehicles. When a new vehicle joins in the platoon, the platoon travel system adjusts the inter-vehicle distance by decelerating, among all platoon vehicles, deceleration target vehicles that are the platoon vehicles behind a join position in the platoon, which are included in a latter one of the two vehicle groups.

Abstract: We provide a novel and useful process for preparing triphenyl-butene derivative. A process for the preparation of a compound represented by Formula (IV): wherein R1 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, characterized by reacting a compound represented by Formula (V): with a compound represented by Formula (VI): wherein R1 has the same meaning as defined above, in the presence of 1) a polyvalent metal chloride, 2) a reducing agent and 3) an alkali metal salt and/or a substituted or unsubstituted phenol.

Abstract: Provided is a light detecting apparatus including: a first photoelectric converting element which outputs a first electrical signal in accordance with an incident light including a modulated light component and a background light component; a filter which outputs a second electrical signal resulting from the modulated light component being reduced in the incident light; and a signal processor which subtracts the second electrical signal from the first electrical signal to reduce a component corresponding to the background light component in the first electrical signal.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a MRI apparatus includes an RF coil apparatus receiving MR signals by coil elements corresponding to channels, modurating the MR signals to have different frequencies for each of the channels, and outputting an analog multiplexed signal in which the MR signals with different frequencies are composited over the channels, and a receiver including ADC circuitry converting the analog multiplexed signal to a digital multiplexed signal, and predetermined number of separation channels separating the digital multiplexed signal, based on the number of the channels relating to composition of the MR signals with the different frequencies. The receiver stops a separation process of the digital multiplexed signal for separation channels not used in the separation process among the predetermined number of separation channels.

Abstract: A substrate stacking apparatus that stacks first and second substrates on each other, by forming a contact region where the first substrate held by a first holding section and the second substrate held by a second holding section contact each other, at one portion of the first and second substrates, and expanding the contact region from the one portion by releasing holding of the first substrate by the first holding section, wherein an amount of deformation occurring in a plurality of directions at least in the first substrate differs when the contact region expands, and the substrate stacking apparatus includes a restricting section that restricts misalignment between the first and second substrates caused by a difference in the amount of deformation. In the substrate stacking apparatus above, the restricting section may restrict the misalignment such that an amount of the misalignment is less than or equal to a prescribed value.

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound represented by formula (Y1) or (Y2) [wherein Rx is an optionally substituted carbocyclyl lower alkyl, or the like] or a salt thereof, using a novel process for preparing a pyridone derivative represented by formula (X4) [wherein R1d is hydrogen, halogen, or the like; R2d is hydrogen, a lower alkyl optionally substituted with substituent E, or the like; R4d is a lower alkyl optionally substituted with substituent E, or the like; and R6d is a lower alkyl group optionally substituted with substituent group E, or the like].

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Sonogashira-Carbonylation reaction using two types of gas, as well as novel crystals which can control a heat of the said reaction and the process of producing the same. In addition, the present invention relates to a ligand (additive) to prevent the deactivation of a palladium catalyst.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to an embodiment includes a plurality of first coil elements and a connector. The first coil elements are embedded in a couchtop on which a subject is placed. The connector is provided in such a region of the couchtop that is positioned on the inside of the loop of at least one of the first coil elements. It is possible to attach and detach a second coil element different from the first coil elements to and from the connector.