Abstract: A method for manufacturing a novel display apparatus is provided. The method includes a first step of forming a first electrode, a second electrode, and a first gap over an insulating film, a second step of forming a first film over the second electrode; a third step of forming a first layer overlapping with the first electrode, a fourth step of removing the first film by an etching method to form a first unit overlapping with the first electrode, a fifth step of removing a surface of the second electrode, a sixth step of forming a second film over the first layer and the second electrode, a seventh step of forming a second layer overlapping with the second electrode, and an eighth step of removing the second film by an etching method using the second layer to form a second unit overlapping with the second electrode and a second gap.

Abstract: In a flow path switching valve, when a valve rod is shifted toward a first back pressure chamber, a first valve chamber is separated from the first back pressure chamber by a first valve element, and a second valve chamber is separated from an intermediate chamber by a second valve element. When the valve rod is shifted toward a second back pressure chamber, the first valve chamber is separated from the intermediate chamber by the first valve element, and the second valve chamber is separated from the second back pressure chamber by the second valve element. The valve rod has a pressure equalizing path through which the first back pressure chamber and the second back pressure chamber are connected.

Abstract: A high-resolution display device is provided. A display device with both high display quality and high resolution is provided. The display device includes a first display element including a first pixel electrode, a first EL layer, and a common electrode; a second display element including a second pixel electrode, a second EL layer, and the common electrode; a first insulating layer covering an end portion of the first pixel electrode and an end portion of the second pixel electrode; a second insulating layer over the first insulating layer; and a third insulating layer over the second insulating layer. The first EL layer is placed over the first pixel electrode and the third insulating layer. The second EL layer is placed over the second pixel electrode and the third insulating layer.

Abstract: An access optical node includes an optical signal processing unit that transmits a received optical signal to a destination node. The optical signal processing unit includes a path switching unit that switches between a first path for transmitting the received optical signal to the destination node as it is as an optical signal, and a second path for transmitting the received optical signal to an electric signal processing unit and transmitting the optical signal processed by the electric signal processing unit to the destination node.

Abstract: A communication system includes a plurality of roadside units installed in respective areas that acquires travel information about a vehicle through radio communication, and a first terminal to which the plurality of roadside units is connected. The roadside units and the first terminal each include a routing processing unit, implemented by software. The routing processing unit performs a communication process in line with a routing table updated based on the travel information.

Abstract: A communication system includes: a plurality of roadside units installed in respective areas that acquires travel information about a vehicle through radio communication; a first terminal connected to the plurality of roadside units; and a server that executes control as a control plane to acquire the travel information from the roadside unit, predict the roadside unit belonging to the plurality of roadside units and installed in an intended area where the vehicle is predicted to travel and predict arrival time at the intended area based on the acquired travel information, and manage communication through the roadside unit and the first terminal so as to construct a communication path between the predicted roadside unit and the first terminal before the arrival time.

Abstract: A lithium boron fluorophosphate complex compound including a compound A that is one selected from a group of lithium boron fluorophosphates represented by Formula (I), and a compound B that is one selected from a group of compounds represented by Formulae (II) to (IX). R0 represents a hydrocarbon group, R1 to R7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, R8, R9, R10, R11, and R13 to R21 each independently represent a substituent, and R12, R22, and R23 each independently represent a divalent linking group.

Abstract: A hybrid control method controls a hybrid vehicle. A control unit sets a rotational speed threshold value at which a continuous gear tooth striking sound occurring in a gear mechanism connecting an electric power generation motor to the internal combustion engine is not a problem in terms of vehicle quality. The control unit generates negative pressure while maintaining the engine rotational speed in the firing state where the engine rotational speed is equal to or greater than the rotational speed threshold value. Also, the control unit generates negative pressure after switching from the firing state to a motoring state where the internal combustion engine is rotated by the electric power generation motor and where the engine rotational speed is less than the rotational speed threshold value.

Abstract: A lithium borate compound represented by the following Formula (I). In Formula (I), each of R1, R2, and R3 independently represents a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may have a substituent. R10 represents a fluorine atom, a hydrocarbon-oxy group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a fluorinated hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a lithium borate compound represented by the following Formula (I), an additive for a lithium secondary battery, which contains the lithium borate compound, a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery, a lithium secondary battery precursor, and a lithium secondary battery and method of producing the same. In Formula (I), R represents a single bond or an alkylene group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: In order to reduce a driver-dependent variation in test result by enhancing the reproducibility of driving indices at the end of a test, a vehicle running test system includes a vehicle speed pattern display apparatus adapted to display a prescribed speed pattern and current vehicle speed on a graph with one axis as vehicle speed and the other axis as time or running distance is adapted to, while a vehicle is being driven, separately from the vehicle speed, display information based on driving indices indicating a driving state of the vehicle, simultaneously with the graph.

Abstract: A lithium boron fluorophosphate complex compound including a compound A that is one selected from a group of lithium boron fluorophosphates represented by Formula (I), and a compound B that is one selected from a group of compounds represented by Formulae (II) to (IX). R0 represents a hydrocarbon group, R1 to R7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, R8, R9, R10, R11, and R13 to R21 each independently represent a substituent, and R12, R22, and R23 each independently represent a divalent linking group.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymerizable composition for an optical material containing polyisocyanate (a) including aliphatic polyisocyanate (a1) and a modified aliphatic polyisocyanate (a2); and polythiol (b) having a di- or higher functional thiol group, in which the modified aliphatic polyisocyanate (a2) is contained in the polyisocyanate (a) in the amount of less than or equal to 60 weight %.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a battery, containing an additive (X) that is at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium monofluorophosphate, lithium difluorophosphate, a compound represented by Formula (XA), and a sulfonate, wherein a content of Cu element with respect to a total amount of the solution is 0.001 mass ppm to less than 5 mass ppm. In Formula (XA), M represents a boron atom or a phosphorus atom, X represents a halogen atom, R represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a halogenated arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (such groups may each comprise a substituent or a hetero atom), m represents an integer 1 to 3, n represents an integer 0 to 4, and q represents 0 or 1.

Abstract: A low-cost railway vehicle gear device of parallel cardan drive system is provided in which the vibrations and noises can be reduced only by means of 2-D tooth surface modifications. In a railway vehicle gear device of parallel cardan drive system having a helical pinion (1) and a helical gear wheel (2), a pinion and a gear wheel respectively having gear specifications of module of 4 to 8, pressure angle of 20 to 30°, and helix angle of 15 to 30°, crowning is performed on a gear surface in the flank line direction of the pinion. The tooth surface (11) has a shape of a sinusoidal curve with an apex (11a) being positioned in a central area of the face width direction of the pinion, the sinusoidal curve being expressed by a single sinusoidal function and extending over an entire width in the face width direction of the helical pinion.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a battery, containing an additive (X) that is at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium monofluorophosphate, lithium difluorophosphate, a compound represented by Formula (XA), a sulfonate, wherein a content of Al element with respect to a total amount of the solution is 0.001 mass ppm to less than 5 mass ppm. In Formula (XA), M represents a boron atom or a phosphorus atom, X represents a halogen atom, R represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a halogenated arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (such groups may each comprise a substituent or a hetero atom), m represents an integer 1 to 3, n represents an integer 0 to 4, and q represents 0 or 1.

Abstract: In order to reduce a driver-dependent variation in test result by enhancing the reproducibility of driving indices at the end of a test, a vehicle running test system includes a vehicle speed pattern display apparatus adapted to display a prescribed speed pattern and current vehicle speed on a graph with one axis as vehicle speed and the other axis as time or running distance is adapted to, while a vehicle is being driven, separately from the vehicle speed, display information based on driving indices indicating a driving state of the vehicle, simultaneously with the graph.

Abstract: A fuel cell system 100 includes: a fuel cell 1 for generating a power by causing an electrochemical reaction between an oxidant gas supplied to an oxidant electrode 34 and a fuel gas supplied to a fuel electrode 67; a fuel gas supplier HS for supplying the fuel gas to the fuel electrode 67; and a controller 40 for controlling the fuel gas supplier HS to thereby supply the fuel gas to the fuel electrode 67, the controller 40 being configured to implement a pressure change when an outlet of the fuel electrode 67 side is closed, wherein based on a first pressure change pattern for implementing the pressure change at a first pressure width ?P1, the controller 40 periodically changes a pressure of the fuel gas at the fuel electrode 67.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for controlling network service quality. According to an aspect of the invention, a computer-implemented method is provided for controlling levels of quality of service (QoS) for transmitting data between a terminal and a destination. The method comprises enforcing a first level of a QoS to a connection between the terminal and the network, receiving a user-requested, second level of the QoS from the terminal, identifying a currently-available level of the QoS on the network, determining a third level of the QoS based at least in part on the currently-available level of the QoS on the network and the second level of the QoS, and enforcing the third level of the QoS. Methods and system are provided for enabling users at the terminals to specify online a level of network QoS, and the system dynamically changes the quality level and the plan to satisfy the request.

Abstract: The eyewear material is an eyewear material containing thermoplastic polyurethane. The eyewear material has a tan ? peak at both less than 0° C. and 0° C. or more and 70° C. or less observed in dynamic viscoelasticity measurement in tensile mode under the measurement conditions of a temperature increase speed of 5° C./min and a measurement frequency of 10 Hz.