Abstract: A fail-safe system for an internal combustion engine mounted on an automotive vehicle. The fail-safe system comprises a device for causing the engine to generate an engine power output. A detector is provided to detect an operational condition of the causing device so as to generate a detection signal representative of the operational condition.

Abstract: A preparation process of an acetylene derivative comprising reacting a compound having a skeleton represented by the formula (1): ##STR1## in the molecular formula with a compound represented by the formula (2): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are individually an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and can be the same or different, R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 can bond each other to form a ring, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 can be bond each other to form one or two heterocyclic rings: or with a compound represented by the formula (3): wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are the same as in the formula (2), and X.sub.1 is a ##STR3## chlorine, bromine or iodine atom.

Abstract: A diagnostic system for a fuel system of an internal combustion engine such as direct-injection gasoline engine monitors a pressure deviation of a actual fuel pressure sensed by a fuel pressure sensor from a desired fuel pressure in a feedback fuel pressure control, and thereby detects abnormality in the fuel system. When the pressure deviation continues to be outside a normal range, a diagnostic controller commands engine operation in a homogeneous stoichiometric combustion mode, and monitors a feedback correction quantity in a feedback stoichiometric air fuel control during the engine operation in the homogeneous stoichiometric combustion mode. The controller attributes the abnormality to the fuel pressure sensor if the feedback correction quantity of the air fuel ratio is fixed to an upper limit or a lower limit.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is produced by a method which comprises forming a conductor pattern in or on a semiconductor layer, covering the surface of the conductor pattern with an antioxidant conductor layer, forming a first insulating layer on the semiconductor layer, forming a lower electrode of a capacitor on the first insulating layer, forming a dielectric layer of an oxygen-containing material on the lower electrode, forming an upper electrode on the dielectric layer, sequentially patterning the upper electrode, the dielectric layer, and the lower electrode in the shape of a capacitor, forming a second insulating layer covering the semiconductor layer, the antioxidant conductor layer, and the capacitor, patterning the second insulating layer thereby simultaneously forming a first opening and a second opening on the upper electrode and the conductor pattern, heating the interiors of the first opening and the second opening and the upper electrode in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, forming a conductor layer

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising the steps of: ionizing decaborane; and implanting ionized decaborane into a silicon wafer. Solid decaborane can be vaporized in a reduced pressure atmosphere or by heating. A single decaborane molecule can provide 10 boron atoms while the acceleration energy per each boron atom can be reduced to about 1/10 of the acceleration energy for a decaborane molecule.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a semiconductor device of the present invention comprises the steps of forming an amorphous layer on an upper layer of the impurity diffusion layer made of silicon by virtue of ion-implantation, forming a cobalt film on the impurity diffusion layer, forming a cobalt silicide layer made of Co.sub.2 Si or CoSi on an upper layer of the amorphous layer at a low temperature by reacting the cobalt film to silicon in the impurity diffusion layer in virtue of first annealing, then removing the cobalt film which has not reacted, and changing Co.sub.2 Si or CoSi constituting the cobalt silicide layer into CoSi.sub.2 to have low resistance and also rendering the cobalt silicide layer to enter into a depth identical to or deeper than an initial depth of the amorphous layer in virtue of second annealing.

Abstract: The present invention securely prevents the erroneous switching of the combustion mode to the stratified charge combustion, and avoids deterioration of the driving performance. In order to do so, apart from a software determination device inside a main CPU for performing the permission determination on the switching to the stratified charge combustion based on an input signal related to the engine drive condition, a hardware detection circuit (gate array) is equipped for performing the permission determination on the switching to the stratified charge combustion mode based on the input signal related to the engine drive condition. The main CPU is equipped with a combustion mode order device for finally ordering the stratified charge combustion by permitting the switching to the stratified charge combustion only when the two permission determinations both permit the switching to the stratified charge combustion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a preparation process of aliphatic polyester, comprising using an ion exchange resin as a drying agent and after the dehydration polycondensation reaction, regenerating and drying the used ion exchange resin and repeatedly using said ion exchange resin in the next dehydration polycondensation reaction, in a process for preparing aliphatic polyester from one or more aliphatic compound (A) by heating in an organic solvent in the presence of a catalyst, distilling a generated water containing organic solvent out of the reaction system, treating the distilled organic solvent with a drying agent, and returning the treated solvent to the reaction system to progress a dehydration polycondensation reaction. The process of the invention enables one to steadily and efficiently prepare in industry an aliphatic polyester having an excellent color tone, high molecular weight and high quality.

Abstract: In a fuel vapor processor for use with an engine provided with a fuel tank comprising a filler tube which fits on a fuel nozzle for refueling, the presence of leaks of fuel vapor is diagnosed according to a variation of a test pressure has been introduced into a purge passage. If refueling of the fuel tank is being performed during the leak diagnosis, an escape vent for air in the fuel tank is provided by connecting the canister to the atmosphere so that smooth refueling is performed.

Abstract: A determination is made as to whether or not a fuel tank for an engine or the like is being replenished with fuel. The temperature of the fuel in the fuel tank is detected, and if the fuel temperature is dropping a determination of fuel tank replenishment is arrived at. Desirably, it is determined that the fuel tank is being replenished, if fuel temperature dropping has occurred for a predetermined number of times over a predetermined time period. Further, by using such a detecting device in a breakdown diagnosis device for an evaporated fuel processing mechanism which diagnoses whether or not fuel leakage is taking place in a predetermined section of a flow path from the fuel tank to an intake passage of an automobile engine erroneous diagnosis is prevented by preventing diagnosis during fuel tank replenishment.

Abstract: A function diagnosing apparatus of an evaporative emission control system for an automotive vehicle executes a diagnosis when a diagnosis starting condition is satisfied. First, a purge cut valve and a vent cut valve are closed, and a bypass valve for a one way valve disposed between a fuel tank and a canister is opened. When a pressure in a purging line is not raised up by these valve operations, it is decided that the system goes wrong due to one of of the bypass valve in a cold condition, fuel vapor leakage, of the vent cut valve in an open condition, and/or no vapor existence. Upon opening the vent cut valve, it is decided as to whether the purge line pressure is dropped or not. When the purge line pressure is dropped, it is decided that the vent cut valve is normal. When the purge line pressure is not dropped, it is decided that vent cut valve is sticking closed.

Abstract: A leak diagnosis system for an evaporative emission control system executes a correction process of diagnosis decision value. When the purge control of the evaporative emission control system is not executed, a purging line of the system is set in the atmospheric condition for a predetermined time. A pressure sensor installed in the purging line detects a pressure value V.sub.A0 in the atmospheric condition. A control unit of the leak diagnosis system determines a leak decision value V.sub.P0 on the basis of the atmospheric pressure detection value and an equation V.sub.P0 =V.sub.A0 +.DELTA.V.sub.0 where .DELTA.V.sub.0 is a difference between the output value in the predetermined positive pressure P.sub.0 and the output value V.sub.A0 in the atmospheric pressure condition and is constant. Therefore, it becomes possible to accurately execute the leak diagnosis.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel preparation process of a polycondensation type polymer, an excellent polymer which is represented by lactic acid and the preparation process of the polymer, a polycondensation agent used for the preparation process, and an intermediate. Specifically, the invention provides a preparation process of the polycondensation type polymer, for example, polyamide, polyimide, polythioester and polyester, comprising bonding a carboxyl group comprising compound with an active hydrogen group comprising compound in the presence of haloiminium salt. The invention provides excellent polylactic acid having a controlled D/L-isomer ratio in the repeating structural units and preparation process of polylactic acid, and further provides a haloiminium salt compound used for the preparation process and an intermediate compound of acid chloride.

Abstract: An engine has a cylinder block having a vertical array of cylinders, a crankcase joined to one side of the cylinder block, a cylinder head joined to an opposite side of the cylinder block, pistons reciprocally movable in the cylinders, a crankshaft vertically extending through the engine block and rotatably supported in the cylinder block and the crankcase, the crankcase having couterweights, connecting rods interconnecting the pistons and the crankshaft, and a balancer mechanism coacting with the crankshaft. The balancer mechanism is disposed upwardly of the cylinder block and accommodated in a balancer housing projecting from upper surfaces of the cylinder block and the crankcase. The balancer mechanism comprises a driver gear mounted on the crankshaft, first and second balancer shafts extending parallel to the crankshaft, and first and second balancers mounted respectively on the first and second balancer shafts and operatively coupled to the driver gear.

Abstract: Disclosed is a V-type vertical engine which is particularly advantageous for use as an outboard marine engine. This engine typically comprises a crank shaft extending vertically; a pair of cylinder banks; intake ports which are located adjacent to the internal sides of the cylinder banks; intake tubes which are connected to the intake ports and, at least in part thereof, extend along a central line between the two cylinder banks away from a crank shaft of the engine; a carburetor unit including at least one carburetor having a pair of intake passages which communicate with the intake ports belonging to different ones of the cylinder banks and a single float chamber which is common to both the intake passages; exhaust ports which are located adjacent to the external sides of the cylinder banks; and exhaust passages which, at least in part thereof, extend along a cylinder axial line towards the crank case.

Abstract: Semiconductor device elements are formed in a cavity portion on one main surface of a large diameter wafer, the cavity portion being protected by a frame body formed at the peripheral portion of the wafer. The semiconductor device elements are separated into individual semiconductor devices.