Abstract: An endoscope system includes: an endoscope with a unit to be inserted into a subject and captures an inside image of the subject by an imaging unit provided in the unit to generate an image signal; an optical apparatus including a measurement probe to be inserted into the subject through the unit; an endoscope unit that switches between observation light of a plurality of wavelengths and outputs the observation light to observe a target object from the unit; a probe unit that outputs measurement light to measure characteristics of the target object via the measurement probe; a light unit that receives return light via the measurement probe, the return light caused by reflection and/or scattering of the measurement light on the target object; and a switching unit that switches a wavelength band of the measurement light to a different wavelength band from the observation light outputted by the endoscope unit.

Abstract: A measurement probe has a fiber bundle formed by irregularly bundling a plurality of optical fibers, is detachably connected to a bio-optical measurement apparatus performing optical measurement to a biological tissue that is an object to be measured, and includes a recording unit 35 that records positional information related to positions of an illumination fiber that emits light from a light source of the bio-optical measurement apparatus as illumination light and of a light-receiving fiber that receives returned light of the illumination light reflected and/or scattered at the biological tissue, the positions being at an end face of the fiber bundle, the end face being at an end that is attached to the bio-optical measurement apparatus.

Abstract: A medical apparatus is detachably connected with a disposable medical device to be inserted into a subject, and performs a specified treatment. The medical apparatus includes an alteration unit that performs an alteration process of altering the medical device, and a control unit that causes the alteration unit to perform the alteration process at the end of the treatment by the medical apparatus.

Abstract: An optical measurement system including: a probe including a plurality of light-receiving fibers and an irradiation fiber; a calibration member including a frame member and a fluorescent body provided in an inner side of the frame member to emit fluorescent light using excitation light, the calibration member being used while the fluorescent body surface faces a leading end of the probe; a fluorescence excitation light source that supplies excitation light to the irradiation fiber; a measurement unit that measures each light output from a plurality of the light-receiving fibers; and a calibration processing unit that calibrates the received light intensity between a plurality of the light-receiving fibers based on the measurement result obtained in the measurement unit by measuring light output from a plurality of the light-receiving fibers for fluorescent light from the fluorescent body emitted by irradiation with the excitation light.

Abstract: A plating apparatus can form a bump having a flat top or can form a metal film having a good in-plane uniformity even when the plating of a plating object (substrate) is carried out under high-current density conditions. The plating apparatus includes a plating tank for holding a plating solution; an anode to be immersed in the plating solution in the plating tank; a holder for holding a plating object and disposing the plating object at a position opposite the anode; a paddle, disposed between the anode and the plating object held by the holder, which reciprocates parallel to the plating object to stir the plating solution; and a control section for controlling a paddle drive section which drives the paddle. The control section controls the paddle drive section so that the paddle moves at a velocity whose average absolute value is 70 cm/sec to 100 cm/sec.

Abstract: A generator (100) includes a generator winding (103) and an excitation winding (104), and a field winding (102). To converge an output voltage of the generator winding (103) to a target, a field current is varied by increasing/decreasing an energization duty ratio of a switching device (110) connected to the field winding (102). In a duty ratio zero determination unit (2) and a duty ratio zero continuation determination unit (3), when an output duty ratio continues for a predetermined time with duty ratio zero, a duty ratio increase amount restriction unit (4) restricts an upper limit of the duty ratio to a predetermined upper limit when the field current increases. A duty ratio restriction unit (21a) for restricting the duty ratio by a maximum value determined based on a voltage of a smoothing capacitor (113) in place of the determination of the duty ratio being zero may be provided.

Abstract: An excitation winding (104) and a field winding (102) are provided. A smoothing capacitor (113) smoothes a current of the excitation winding (104) and inputs it to the field winding (102). A transistor (110) is driven to control an output of the generator winding (103). A diode (112) prevents a field current from flowing in a reverse direction. A transistor (10) connected to the diode (112) is driven in a phase reverse to a phase of a drive signal of the transistor (110). A duty monitor 1 determines whether a duty ratio of the drive signal of the transistor (110) is larger than a reference duty ratio, and when the duty monitor 1 determines that the duty ratio of the drive signal is larger than the reference duty ratio, an unit (2) extends an output cycle of the drive signal by thinning out the drive signal.

Abstract: A plating apparatus can form a bump having a flat top or can form a metal film having a good in-plane uniformity even when the plating of a plating object (substrate) is carried out under high-current density conditions. The plating apparatus includes a plating tank for holding a plating solution; an anode to be immersed in the plating solution in the plating tank; a holder for holding a plating object and disposing the plating object at a position opposite the anode; a paddle, disposed between the anode and the plating object held by the holder, which reciprocates parallel to the plating object to stir the plating solution; and a control section for controlling a paddle drive section which drives the paddle. The control section controls the paddle drive section so that the paddle moves at a velocity whose average absolute value is 70 cm/sec to 100 cm/sec.

Abstract: A plating apparatus can form a bump having a flat top or can form a metal film having a good in-plane uniformity even when the plating of a plating object (substrate) is carried out under high-current density conditions. The plating apparatus includes a plating tank for holding a plating solution; an anode to be immersed in the plating solution in the plating tank; a holder for holding a plating object and disposing the plating object at a position opposite the anode; a paddle, disposed between the anode and the plating object held by the holder, which reciprocates parallel to the plating object to stir the plating solution; and a control section for controlling a paddle drive section which drives the paddle. The control section controls the paddle drive section so that the paddle moves at a velocity whose average absolute value is 70 cm/sec to 100 cm/sec.

Abstract: Capabilities of suppressing erosion caused by liquid droplets and achieving a short operation period and cost reduction are provided. A build-up welding method for a structural material used in an erosive environment includes: removing a portion exposed to the erosive environment from the structural material; and forming a hard layer in a portion of the structural material, from which the portion exposed to the erosive environment is removed, the hard layer being formed by short circuiting transfer gas metal arc welding using a solid wire with a hardness of HV 400 or more.

Abstract: In a capacitor-compensation-type generator having a rotor wound with a field winding, a stator wound with an output winding adapted to cross flux generated by the field winding to output AC power, and an internal combustion engine that drives the rotor to rotate relative to the stator, there are equipped with an actuator that changes the engine speed and an actuator controller that controls operation of the actuator in accordance with a constant voltage operation mode in which the engine speed is controlled to a desired speed such that a detected output voltage becomes a desired voltage, or a constant frequency operation mode in which the detected engine speed is controlled to a predetermined speed such that frequency of AC power outputted from the output winding becomes a desired frequency, thereby enabling to output AC power at constant voltage or frequency.

Abstract: A steam turbine has: a casing; a rotor rotatably arranged in the casing; a nozzle diaphragm concentrically arranged with respect to the rotor, the nozzle diaphragm being engaged with the casing; moving blades arranged in circumferential direction on outer circumference of the rotor at positions adjacent to the nozzle diaphragm; seal strips circumferentially extending on tips of the moving blades, the seal strips protruding in radial outward direction; and an abradable structure rigidly connected to the nozzle diaphragm. The abradable structure faces the seal strips in radial direction at a facing surface, and has an abradable part made of an abradable material arranged at the facing surface.

Abstract: A steam turbine 3 includes: a turbine rotor 4; a rotor blade 5 implanted to the turbine rotor 4; a stator blade 6 provided at an upstream side of the rotor blade 5; and a turbine casing 13 supporting the stator blade 6 and including the turbine rotor 4, the rotor blade 5 and the stator blade 6, and have a constitution in which a stage 7 is formed by a pair of the rotor blade 5 and the stator blade 6, and a steam passage 8 is formed by arranging plural stages 7 in an axial direction of the turbine rotor 4. A surface treatment to suppress an increase of a surface roughness caused by oxidation is performed for at least a part of a surface of the stator blade 6 and a surface of the rotor blade 5.

Abstract: An excitation winding (104) and a field winding (102) are provided. A smoothing capacitor (113) smoothes a current of the excitation winding (104) and inputs it to the field winding (102). A transistor (110) is driven to control an output of the generator winding (103). A diode (112) prevents a field current from flowing in a reverse direction. A transistor (10) connected to the diode (112) is driven in a phase reverse to a phase of a drive signal of the transistor (110). A duty monitor 1 determines whether a duty ratio of the drive signal of the transistor (110) is larger than a reference duty ratio, and when the duty monitor 1 determines that the duty ratio of the drive signal is larger than the reference duty ratio, an unit (2) extends an output cycle of the drive signal by thinning out the drive signal.

Abstract: A generator (100) includes a generator winding (103) and an excitation winding (104), and a field winding (102). To converge an output voltage of the generator winding (103) to a target, a field current is varied by increasing/decreasing an energization duty ratio of a switching device (110) connected to the field winding (102). In a duty ratio zero determination unit (2) and a duty ratio zero continuation determination unit (3), when an output duty ratio continues for a predetermined time with duty ratio zero, a duty ratio increase amount restriction unit (4) restricts an upper limit of the duty ratio to a predetermined upper limit when the field current increases. A duty ratio restriction unit (21a) for restricting the duty ratio by a maximum value determined based on a voltage of a smoothing capacitor (113) in place of the determination of the duty ratio being zero may be provided.

Abstract: A solid product removal method for removing a solid product adhering to a gas exhaust pipe member having a rinsing water inlet pipe member with a tip opening located inside the gas exhaust pipe member for feeding rinsing water into the inside of the gas exhaust pipe member from the tip opening thereof; hence a solid product formed newly upon reaction with the rinsing water and adhering thereto can be rinsed off with the rinsing water introduced from another tip opening located at a different position; and therefore, an adherence of the solid product can be prevented from heating the inner face of the gas exhaust pipe member. A scraping member for scraping the solid product stuck to the inner face of the gas exhaust pipe member may be used.

Abstract: A method is provided, which ensures reliability during manufacture and in the use environment, and allows affording erosion prevention capability in an inexpensive manner, to an erosion-susceptible portion such as turbine rotor blades. An erosion preventive section 4, comprising a lower layer (low-hardness layer) 2 of an austenitic material, and an upper layer (hard layer) 3 of a hard material, such as stellite, harder than the low-hardness layer 2, is formed by laser build-up welding on a portion, which is susceptible to erosion caused by liquid droplets and solid particles in a use environment, of a target member 1 such as a turbine rotor blade. Laser build-up welding is carried out through irradiation of a laser beam from a laser light source 6 while a welding material supply means 5 supplies an austenitic material and a hard material in the form of, for instance, a rod, powder or the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides an engine-driven synchronous power generator that selects the operation state with respect to the load of the power generator by controlling the revolution. The electronic governor 4 includes a target revolution determining unit 10 including a storage 101 for providing a constant target engine revolution irrespective of the load current, and a map 102 for providing the target engine revolution corresponding to the load. The target revolution corresponding to the revolution of no-load operation and loaded operation is set in the map 102. The storage 101 or the map 102 is selected by operating a switch 9. A governor motor 14 is controlled so that the actual engine revolution calculated in an engine revolution calculator 7 converges to the target revolution. An automotive voltage regulator (AVR) 15 for controlling the output voltage of the power generator 1 constant irrespective of the load is provided.

Abstract: In a capacitor-compensation-type generator having a rotor wound with a field winding, a stator wound with an output winding adapted to cross flux generated by the field winding to output AC power, and an internal combustion engine that drives the rotor to rotate relative to the stator, there are equipped with an actuator that changes the engine speed and an actuator controller that controls operation of the actuator in accordance with a constant voltage operation mode in which the engine speed is controlled to a desired speed such that a detected output voltage becomes a desired voltage, or a constant frequency operation mode in which the detected engine speed is controlled to a predetermined speed such that frequency of AC power outputted from the output winding becomes a desired frequency, thereby enabling to output AC power at constant voltage or frequency.

Abstract: A control section 32 supplies a current obtained by rectifying the output of an exciting winding 5 to a field winding 3 responding to variations in the output voltage of the generator to suppress the variations in the output voltage of the generator. The control section 32 drives a transistor 37 at a duty based on a difference between the output voltage of a main winding 4 and a target voltage and controls the gate voltage of an FET 38 to control a field current to a constant value. A flywheel power generation unit including a control power supply winding 14 is provided as a power source of the control section 32 and a power source for passing an initial current through the field winding 3. A current to be supplied to the field winding 3 from the flywheel power generation unit is merged with an exciting current via a diode 31.