Abstract: A combustion state estimating apparatus for estimating the state of combustion in an internal combustion engine includes an angular acceleration calculator that calculates a crank angle acceleration, and a combustion state estimator that estimates the state of combustion in the internal combustion engine based on the crank angle acceleration in a crank angle interval in which an average value of inertia torque caused by a reciprocating inertia mass of the internal combustion engine is substantially zero. Thus, the combustion state estimating apparatus excludes the effect that the inertia torque caused by the reciprocating inertia mass has on the angular acceleration, and therefore is able to precisely estimate the state of combustion based on the angular acceleration.

Abstract: A torque correspondence value (e.g., estimated indicated torque) is determined. The degree of torque correspondence value variation in a plurality of previous cycles is digitized as a variation index value (e.g., locus length). If the variation index value is smaller than a predetermined first judgment value, the intake air amount of an internal combustion engine is corrected. If the variation index value is not smaller than the first judgment value, the ignition timing of the internal combustion engine is corrected. If the variation index value is not smaller than a second judgment value, which is greater than the first judgment value, the ignition timing and fuel injection amount of the internal combustion engine are both corrected.

Abstract: If the combustion status detected in a steady state (e.g., during cold fast idling) is partial combustion, the setting of a combustion status control parameter (e.g., ignition timing control parameter) for the next cycle is adjusted so as to provide an increased degree of partial combustion (e.g., by adjusting the ignition timing control parameter for the delay side). If, on the other hand, the detected combustion status is fast combustion, the setting of the control parameter for the next cycle is adjusted so as to provide an increased degree of fast combustion (e.g., by adjusting the ignition timing control parameter for the advance side). The combustion status can be detected in accordance with an output parameter that correlates with the engine torque.

Abstract: A fuel injection amount control apparatus of an internal combustion engine is arranged to start injection of a fuel into an intake passage of the engine when a certain engine start condition is satisfied, and stop the injection of the fuel when a certain engine stop condition is satisfied. The control apparatus estimates an amount of fuel deposited on an intake passage forming member that defines the intake passage, and determines a fuel injection amount based on the estimated fuel deposition amount. The control apparatus also executes a particular process for making an actual fuel deposition amount on the intake passage forming member substantially equal to zero, after the engine stop condition is satisfied and before the injection of the fuel is started under a condition that the engine start condition is satisfied.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical preparation for preventing and/or treating hypertrophic scars, keloid or chronic arthritic diseases comprising as an effective component an erythropoietin antagonist. More specifically, there is provided a pharmaceutical preparation for preventing and/or treating hypertrophic scars, keloid or chronic arthritic diseases comprising as an effective component an erythropoietin antagonist such as an anti-erythropoietin antibody, an erythropoietin receptor protein, etc. This pharmaceutical preparation has excellent prophylactic and/or therapeutic effects on collagenous hyperproliferation such as hypertrophic scars, keloid, etc., or chronic arthritic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

Abstract: A fuel injection amount control apparatus of an internal combustion engine is arranged to start injection of a fuel into an intake passage of the engine when a certain engine start condition is satisfied, and stop the injection of the fuel when a certain engine stop condition is satisfied. The control apparatus estimates an amount of fuel deposited on an intake passage forming member that defines the intake passage, and determines a fuel injection amount based on the estimated fuel deposition amount. The control apparatus also executes a particular process for making an actual fuel deposition amount on the intake passage forming member substantially equal to zero, after the engine stop condition is satisfied and before the injection of the fuel is started under a condition that the engine start condition is satisfied.

Abstract: A combustion state estimating apparatus for estimating the state of combustion in an internal combustion engine includes an angular acceleration calculator that calculates a crank angle acceleration, and a combustion state estimator that estimates the state of combustion in the internal combustion engine based on the crank angle acceleration in a crank angle interval in which an average value of inertia torque caused by a reciprocating inertia mass of the internal combustion engine is substantially zero. Thus, the combustion state estimating apparatus excludes the effect that the inertia torque caused by the reciprocating inertia mass has on the angular acceleration, and therefore is able to precisely estimate the state of combustion based on the angular acceleration.

Abstract: In double tapered rollers of a thrust scroll bearing, a structure free from generation of edge load at both ends of a section straight line on conical or tapered surfaces, and appropriate in contact stress with the bearing race is presented. To be used as a rolling element of thrust bearing interposed between positions making relative scroll motions, it is a conical body having a pair of conical surfaces (Ra, Rb) matched coaxially and coupled at bottoms mutually, and the entire surface of the conical surfaces (Ra, Rb) is processed by crowning. As a result, edge load is not generated at both ends of the section straight line of the conical surfaces (Ra, Rb), and the maximum contact stress at the apex side is held at a low value within an allowable range.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus, an image input/output apparatus, a scaling method and a memory control method, by which input image data is written to an external memory in tiles, the tiles written to the external memory are read, and the read-out tiles are scaled.

Abstract: A roller bearing of high precision structure at a far lower cost as compared with the prior art, having double tapered rollers as rolling elements. It comprises a fixed side bearing plate, a swivel side bearing plate, plural double tapered rollers disposed between both bearing plates so as to swivel and roll between them for supporting the axial load from both bearing plates, a holding plate for positioning and holding the double tapered rollers rotatably in a specified configuration, and a revolution arrester for preventing relative rotation of both bearing plates. While preventing relative rotation of the both bearing plates by the revolution arrester, the double tapered rollers are allows to roll and move on the bearing plates, so that relative and smooth swivel of both bearing plates may be assured.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a main memory into/from which data can be written or read out and an input/output device for receiving the data to be written into the main memory or generating the data read out from the main memory. An addressing device outputs first address data which represent an access address of the input/output device to the main memory on a basis of a unit composed of a predetermined number of data. A convertor converts the first address data into second address data representing an address in the main memory on a basis of single data and an address controller controls the access address of the input/output device to the main memory in accordance with the second address data.

Abstract: A double side grinding apparatus for thin disklike work comprises a pair of rotatable grinding wheels having opposed circular grinding faces provided by respective end faces and so arranged as to be movable relative to each other axially thereof, and work rotating means for rotating the thin disklike work about its own axis while supporting the work in a grinding position between the grinding faces so that opposite surfaces of the work to be worked on face the respective grinding faces of the pair of the wheels, with an outer periphery of the work intersecting an outer periphery of each grinding face and with the center of the work positioned inwardly of the grinding faces.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photosensitive resin composition which is superior in water-developing properties, resilience, strength of resin plate after exposure, elongation at break, and transparency of resin plate. The composition comprises:(1) a particulate copolymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising:(a) an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer,(b) a monomer represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## and (c) a monomer having at least two groups capable of addition-polymerizing;(2) a photopolymerizable unsaturated monomer;(3) an amino group-containing compound; and(4) a photopolymerization initiator.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition is provided which is excellent in water developability, impact resilience, resin plate strength after exposure, breaking extension, and resin-plate transparency. The composition comprises:(1) a granular copolymer produced by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising:(i) an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer;(ii) a monomer expressed by the general formula (I): ##STR1## (in which R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sup.2 represents an alkylene group having a carbon number of 3 to 20, and l represents an integer of 1 to 20);(iii) a monomer having at least two addition-polymerizable groups, and(iv) an addition-polymerizable monomer other than (i), (ii) and (iii), if desirable;(2) a photo-polymerizable unsaturated monomer;(3) an amino group-containing compound, and(4) a photo-polymerization initiator.

Abstract: A logarithmic conversion circuit includes a narrow band generating unit consisting of a local oscillator (104) and a mixer (103) for receiving an output of the local oscillator and the input signal and a first band-pass filter (105) connected to the mixer for generating a narrow band signal from a broad band input signal; a selection member (106-7) directly connected to the first band-pass filter for selecting either the input signal or the narrow band signal; first and second LOG amps (108, 111) connected in series to the selection member; and a noise suppression unit connected in parallel between the first and second LOG amps and including a second band-pass filter (109) for transmitting only the broad band input signal and a low-pass filter (110) for transmitting only the narrow band signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin composition for flexographic printing plate, which is superior in rubber elasticity, hardness and elongation as well as water developability. The resin composition for flexographic printing plate capable of water developing, attains excellent rubber elasticity, hardness and elongation without deterioration of water developability, using as elastic particles copolymer elastic particles having whisker on the particle surface which forms an entanglement between particles.

Abstract: There is disclosed a device in which detection data regarding whether the write data into a memory to store image data and the read-out data coincide or not is generated every unit data amount and the access to the memory is controlled in accordance with evaluation data obtained by evaluating the detection data in accordance with a degree of influence on an image, thereby enabling the memory to be effectively used. Information indicative of the degree of influence on the image includes the bit position of the pixel data consisting of a plurality of bits, the position of each pixel data on the screen, the density of pixels corresponding to the invalid memory cells in the memory, and the like.

Abstract: A multicolor lithographic rotary press comprises a plurality of printing sections arranged along a traveling line of paper web, a plurality of register adjusting means, a paper stretching means and a plurality of width adjusting means. Each of the printing sections further includes at least one of divided plate cylinder each divided section of which is independently moved in the axial direction and/or the circumferential direction. The paper stretching means is arranged at the downstream of the printing sections to apply a stretching force to the paper web. The width adjusting means is arranged between two sets of the printing sections to apply an adjusting force to the paper web.

Abstract: The fabrication of wiring harnesses requires many steps, such as a wire laying out step of laying out electric wires coated with insulative sheaths in a laying out array and cutting with measured length, a stripping step of the insulative sheaths at the ends of the electric wires, a crimping step of pressing terminals together with the bared ends of the electric wires in crimp contact, an inserting step of inserting into connectors the terminals pressed in crimp contact, etc. This system has an apparatus for each step modularized, and a module incorporated in the system can be increased or decreased in number depending upon a type of the desired wiring harness. For example, it is assumed now that a wiring harness fabrication line consists of an automated wire laying out module (1), a stripping module (3), two terminal-crimping modules (5), and a terminal-inserting module (7).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for executing an initial program load (IPL) control in a multiprocessor system. The multiprocessor system including a global storage unit and a plurality of clusters, each of the clusters having at least one or more processors and a local storage unit, and one of the clusters having a direct access storage device. The method comprising the steps of executing the IPL from the processor belonging to the cluster having the direct access storage device to the local storage unit belonging to that cluster; transferring the IPL information from the local storage unit executing the IPL to the global storage unit; and transferring the IPL information from the global storage unit to the local storage unit in another cluster not having the direct access storage device.