Abstract: Transmitting a first data stream to a first station and simultaneously transmitting a second data stream to a second station. A method includes modulating a first signal by the first data stream to form a second signal, modulating the second signal by the second data stream to form a third signal, and transmitting the third signal by conversion to a transmission frequency to form a radio frequency signal, amplifying the radio frequency signal and providing the amplified radio frequency signal to an antenna. The modulation of the first signal is performed by scrambling of the first signal and the modulation of the second signal is performed by binary amplitude shift keying of the second signal, or the modulation of the first signal is performed by binary amplitude shift keying of the first signal and the modulation of the second signal is performed by scrambling of the second signal.

Abstract: There is provided mechanisms for reshaping individual beams of a beam pattern. A method is performed by a control node. The method comprises determining the beam pattern by distributing available transmission energy in individual beams according to a weighted combination of the individual beams. Different weights are applied for at least two of the individual beams. The weighted combination of individual beams is based on radio propagation channel properties. The method comprises truncating transmission energy of the individual beam with highest transmission energy in the beam pattern to not be over a threshold. The method comprises redistributing the truncated transmission energy among the remaining individual beams in the beam pattern, thereby reshaping the individual beams of the beam pattern.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting a symbol from a plurality of antennas. In one example, a method comprises transmitting simultaneously, from each antenna, the symbol multiplied by a respective element of a selected column of a matrix. The number of rows of the matrix is at least the number of antennas, the number of columns of the matrix is at least 9, and the matrix comprises or is a sub-matrix of a real Hadamard matrix of maximum excess.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting a symbol from a plurality of antennas In one example, a method comprises transmitting simultaneously, from each antenna, the symbol multiplied by a respective element of a selected column of a matrix. The number of rows of the matrix is at least the number of antennas, the number of columns of the matrix is at least 6, and the matrix comprises or is a sub-matrix of a Butson-type Hadamard matrix that includes only a minimum number of non-real elements.

Abstract: In one example aspect, a method of determining a channel estimate of an optical communications channel between at least one optical transmitting component and at least one optical receiving component is provided, the method comprising determining a location of at least one optical transmitting component, determining an orientation of the at least one optical transmitting component, determining a transmission characteristic of the at least one optical transmitting component, determining a location of at least one optical receiving component, determining an orientation of the at least one optical receiving component, determining a reception characteristic of the at least one optical receiving component, and calculating the channel estimate of the optical communications channel based on the location of the at least one optical transmitting component, the orientation of the at least one optical transmitting component, the transmission characteristic of the at least one optical transmitting component, the location

Abstract: Disclosed is a latency control method of a transmitter apparatus adapted for transmission of a plurality of packets under clear channel assessment requirements and latency requirements. The method comprises determining a maximum required time for clear channel assessment for the plurality of packets and determining a duration of time related to the determined maximum required time. For example, the duration of time may be determined as being equal to the determined maximum required time for clear channel assessment plus an offset. The offset may be equal to zero, or may be equal to a positive value. In some embodiments, the offset may be equal to, or larger than, a duration of another packet (which is not comprised in the plurality of packets). The method also comprises enforcing, for each packet of the plurality of packets, the determined duration of time to elapse after completion of transmission of the packet, before transmission of a subsequent packet of the plurality of packets is initiated.

Abstract: An approach for transmission provides a method of enabling Hybrid Automatic Request, HARQ, in an IEEE 802.11 communication. The method includes transmitting, in an element in a Block Acknowledgement, BA, setup of a Medium Access Control, MAC, message, which element indicates a request to use HARQ, receiving a response to said request, and starting to apply HARQ. The approach includes a network entity of a wireless network using IEEE 802.11. The network entity includes a transmitter arranged to transmit, in an element in a Block Acknowledgement, BA, setup of a Medium Access Control, MAC, message, which element indicates a request to use HARQ, a receiver arranged to receive a response to said request, and a communication handler arranged to start to apply HARQ.

Abstract: A technique for performing a multi-layer transmission from a transmitting station to a receiving station on a radio frequency is described. The multi-layer transmission comprises multiple layers (902, 904) having different robustnesses on the radio frequency. As to a method aspect of the technique, a first portion (802.1) of first data (802) and a first portion (804.1) of second data (804) on a first layer (902) of the multi-layer transmission and, simultaneously on a second layer (904) of the multi-layer transmission, a second portion (802.2) of the first data (802) and a second portion (804.2) of the second data (804) are transmitted.

Abstract: A method of transmitting an amplitude shift keyed signal uses a multi-layered transmission over a plurality of transmit antennas with different precoding of different symbols for the respective layers. The method comprises obtaining a sequence of bits to be conveyed, keying the sequence of bits to a signal, precoding the signal to respective layer, and transmitting the precoded signal. A transmitter for transmitting the amplitude shift keyed signal, and a computer program for implementing the method are also disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided mechanisms for reshaping individual beams of a beam pattern. A method is performed by a control node. The method comprises determining the beam pattern by distributing available transmission energy in individual beams according to a weighted combination of the individual beams. Different weights are applied for at least two of the individual beams. The weighted combination of individual beams is based on radio propagation channel properties. The method comprises truncating transmission energy of the individual beam with highest transmission energy in the beam pattern to not be over a threshold. The method comprises redistributing the truncated transmission energy among the remaining individual beams in the beam pattern, thereby reshaping the individual beams of the beam pattern.

Abstract: A beamforming method is disclosed of a multi-antenna transmitter configured for operation in a listen-before-talk (LBT) environment. The method comprises transmitting—in transmission resources of a collection of one or more transmission resources corresponding to an LBT sensing event—according to a primary emission pattern (e.g., a primary beam) having a main lobe in a primary angular direction associated with a channel path towards an intended receiver, and transmitting according to one or more secondary emission patterns. The one or more secondary emission patterns—when accumulated over the collection of transmission resources corresponding to the LBT sensing event—are configured to indicate channel occupancy in angular directions other than the primary angular direction. In some embodiments, the one or more secondary emission patterns comprises a plurality of secondary emission patterns (e.g., a plurality of secondary beams).

Abstract: A transceiver device includes a controller arranged to identify a first set of control information within the data packet, and to re-map the data packet such that the first set of control information is mapped on bits known to be more robust. The transceiver device further includes a transmitter arranged to transmit the re-mapped data packet. The first set of control information holds information which enables for identification to combine soft bits from repeated transmissions at a receiver of the packet. The bits known to be more robust have more distinct value distribution in signal space of a used modulation and coding scheme than other bits. The transceiver device is arranged to transmit a data packet. A corresponding method, computer program, access point and station are also disclosed.

Abstract: One aspect of the disclosure provides a method performed by a transmitting device, for transmitting wirelessly to a receiving device in a wireless network. The method comprises: obtaining information which is indicative of a level of wireless activity caused by interfering transmissions by one or more interfering devices, experienced by one or more receiving devices on one or more first channels configured for transmissions by the one or more receiving devices; and determining whether to transmit to a receiving device of the one or more receiving devices using one or more second channels based on the information indicative of the level of wireless activity experienced by the one or more receiving devices on the one or more first channels.

Abstract: A technique for performing a multi-layer transmission from a transmitting station to a receiving station on a radio frequency is described. The multi-layer transmission comprises multiple layers having different robustnesses (704, 706) on the radio frequency. As to a method aspect of the technique, first data of a first hybrid automatic repeat request, HARQ, process is transmitted on a first layer of the multi-layer transmission simultaneously with second data of a second HARQ process on a second layer of the multi-layer transmission.

Abstract: A transmitter and method therein for transmitting a signal to a receiver in a wireless communication system are disclosed. The transmitter is configured to modulate a signal using two different modulations, a combination of binary amplitude shill keying, ASK, and binary frequency shift keying, FSK, and transmit the modulated signal.

Abstract: A limited-function, low-power wakeup receiver is based on frequency shift keying (FSK), avoiding the inherent problems of AM demodulation such as non-linearity of the amplitude detector. The FSK detector is easily realized in the digital domain. Due to the time discrete nature of FSK signals, the detector has a periodic response in frequency, allowing the signal to be demodulated at different offsets from the center frequency. The relaxed accuracy demands on the local oscillator frequency avoid the need for a power-hungry phase locked loop (PLL) circuit. To avoid potential loss if a signal coincides with one of the regular sensitivity nulls, the network at least occasionally transmits an FSK wakeup signal at a slightly shifted frequency, so at least one of the FSK wakeup signals will be received. Transmitting multiple frequency-shifted signals improves the likelihood of reception.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and non-transitory machine-readable mediums are provided for wireless access in communications networks comprising radio access network nodes and wireless light communication network nodes. In one embodiment, a method is performed by a radio access network node for selecting a transmit or receive beam for communication with a wireless device in a communication network. The radio access network node comprises a plurality of antenna elements configurable to provide a plurality of transmit or receive beams. The communication network further comprises one or more wireless light communication, LC, network nodes.

Abstract: Embodiments include methods for a network node configured to communicate with wireless devices via orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) signaling and non-OFDMA signaling. Such methods include creating a frequency gap in the OFDMA signaling, with the frequency gap including one or more adjacent OFDM sub-carriers. Such methods include selecting a center frequency for the non-OFDMA signaling to be within the frequency gap and selecting one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for the OFDMA signaling based on interference to the OFDMA signaling by the non-OFDMA signaling. Other embodiments include network nodes configured to perform such methods, and computer-readable media storing computer-executable instructions that embody such methods.

Abstract: A receiver receives binary information from a transmission using a binary amplitude shift keying where information symbols are represented by a signal including a first power state and a second power state. A duration of a bit includes a first part where the second power state is applied irrespective of which binary value is represented, and a second part where a binary value is represented by any of the first power and a third power state or a combination pattern of the first power state and the third power state. A sampling circuit is arranged to retrieve samples of the received signal during the second part and discard samples during the first part. A duration of the retrieving of samples is selected to be a time corresponding to the duration of the second part plus a time based on an expected synchronization error.

Abstract: A wireless device features a low-power, limited-functionality, narrowband, homodyne wakeup receiver with a free running local oscillator. This enables a very attractive combination of low power consumption and high selectivity. The network supports these receivers by adopting a wakeup message structure that supports oscillator frequency calibration, and that tolerates loss of parts of the signal spectrum. Wakeup signals are transmitted frequently to allow the wakeup receivers (whether targeted by a wakeup signal or not) to calibrate their LO frequencies. The frequencies of the wakeup signals can be constant, or follow a hopping pattern for increased immunity to interference. The wakeup signals can use multiple carriers to increase robustness to loss of parts of the signal spectrum, particularly near the LO frequency in a homodyne receiver. The carriers use amplitude modulation (OOK), with either different or equal sequences.