Abstract: A millimeter wave radar apparatus determining an obstacle on a railway is applied to the railway and the obstacle. The millimeter wave radar apparatus includes a user interface and a millimeter wave radar. The user interface is configured to control the millimeter wave radar. The millimeter wave radar is configured to transmit a radar wave to a predetermined range on the railway. The millimeter wave radar is configured to receive a reflected radar wave reflected from the predetermined range on the railway based on the radar wave. The user interface is configured to determine whether the obstacle is in the predetermined range on the railway based on the reflected radar wave. If the user interface determines that the obstacle is in the predetermined range on the railway, the user interface is configured to provide a warning.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products relating to the coexistence of a first mode and second mode of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications. One method includes allocating, to a user equipment (UE) operating in a first mode of V2V communication that is also configured to use resources from a shared transmit (Tx) pool of a second mode of V2V communication, a pair of resources. The first of the pair of resources may be allocated from an exclusive Tx pool for the first mode, and the second of the pair of resources may be allocated from the shared Tx pool of the second mode of V2V communication.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for configuring a dual-mode SL LCH with simultaneous mode 1 and mode 2 transmission are provided. One method may include configuring one or more dual-mode sidelink (SL) logical channels (LCHs) to at least one user equipment to enable simultaneous sidelink mode 1 and sidelink mode 2 transmission. The method may also include receiving, from the at least one user equipment, at least one sidelink (SL) buffer status report (BSR) that may optionally comprise buffer status for one or more of the configured dual-mode logical channels (LCHs) according to a network configuration, and transmitting, to the at least one user equipment, a resource allocation that can be applied for the dual-mode logical channels (LCHs) according to the network configuration.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for selecting and/or applying a sidelink (SL) transmission mode are provided. One method may include configuring, by a network node, at least one sidelink (SL) user equipment (UE) to use simultaneous sidelink (SL) mode 1 and mode 2 for one or more sidelink (SL) logical channels (LCHs). The method may also include configuring the at least one sidelink (SL) user equipment (UE) with a plurality of transmission patterns related to the use of the sidelink (SL) mode 1 or mode 2.

Abstract: Apparatus and method in a communication system for reconfiguring resources for transmission are disclosed. More than one sidelink transmissions are transmitted to a second apparatus. It is determined that reception status feedbacks are not received regarding a given number of sidelink transmissions. Transmission resource used for sidelink transmission is reconfigured based on the determination.

Abstract: Certain embodiments may relate to communication systems, and, for example, some embodiments may relate to allocating resources of one or more network slices in a communication system.

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatuses, methods, systems, computer programs, computer program products and computer-readable media for reducing overhead for Quality-of-service (QoS) monitoring of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) services. The method comprises receiving, at a user equipment, from a serving network, a request for a Quality-of-Service (QoS) monitoring session, making a first determination, at the user equipment, whether the user equipment is relevant for the request, based on the content of the request, making a second determination, at the user equipment, if it is determined in the first determination that the user equipment is relevant, whether the request is received in dedicated signaling or common signaling, deciding, at the user equipment, whether or not to initiate the requested QoS monitoring session based on the second determination.

Abstract: An SL UE that detects a resource conflict associated with a transmitting UE may be able to indicate this resource conflict by transmitting inter-UE coordination information over a PSFCH resource determined based on a group member ID of the transmitting UE. This may be different from transmitting HARQ feedback via a PSFCH resource determined based on a group member ID of the detecting UE.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media of resource pool configuration and usage for V2X. The method comprises receiving, at a first device, information of a set of resource pools allocated for a predetermined area from a second device and a usage pattern for the set of resource pools from a third device, the usage pattern at least indicating an association between the set of resource pools and at least one property of the predetermined area. The method further comprises determining at least one attribute of the first device related to the at least one property and determining a target resource pool for communication from the set of resource pools based on the at least one attribute, the information and the usage pattern. In the solution, the V2X control device may coordinate the resource pool configuration with the network device and determine polices for the usage of the resource pool.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for sidelink (SL) based multi-hop UE relaying, for example, to support tracking applications are provided. One method may include determining, at a user equipment (UE), to which tier of a sidelink (SL) based multi-hop user equipment (UE) relaying the user equipment (UE) belongs. The method may also include determining at least a relaying mode and arrangement of transmit and receive occasions for sidelink (SL) transmission and reception in dependence on the determined tier that the user equipment (UE) belongs, and performing, on the determined transmit and receive occasions, transmit and receive operations for the sidelink (SL) based multi-hop user equipment (UE) relaying based on the determined relaying mode and arrangement.

Abstract: Various example embodiments relate to signaling of non-preferred transmission resources. An apparatus may determine a set of non-preferred transmission resources for a second apparatus. The apparatus may further determine a set of inapplicable transmission resources for the second apparatus. The apparatus may determine a reduced set of non-preferred transmission resources based on excluding at least one of the set of inapplicable transmission resources from the set of non-preferred transmission resources. The apparatus may transmit an indication of the reduced set of non-preferred transmission resources to the second apparatus. Apparatuses, methods, and computer programs are disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus in a base station and comprising at least one processor and at least one memory including computer code for one or more programs, the at least one memory and the computer code configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to: cause scheduling information to be transmitted to a plurality of communication devices and control information to be transmitted to at least one communication device of the plurality of communication devices, said control information controlling in the respective communication device at least one of triggering an inter communication device interference reduction mechanism and parameters of the inter communication device interference reduction mechanism.

Abstract: Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a solution for handing over a group of devices. In an aspect, a first device transmits, to a second device, first information of a group of devices. The first device receives, from the second device, second information associated with a target handover configuration for the group of devices. The first device adjusts, based on the second information, a movement of the group of devices to enable the group of devices to be handed over based on the target handover configuration. With example embodiments of the present disclosure, a group of devices (such as, a swarm of UAVs) moving based on a movement pattern can be effectively and efficiently handed over from a serving cell to another serving cell, for example, in the UAV application scenario or the V2X application scenarios, or the like.

Abstract: There is provided a first network entity, comprising a defining unit configured to define a common communication session comprising a plurality of contexts, wherein the common communication session is common to a plurality of network entities and terminal devices, a preconfiguring unit configured to preconfigure the common communication session by preconfiguring at least one context out of the plurality of contexts to be common for more than one network entity out of the plurality of network entities and for more than one terminal device out of the plurality of terminal devices, a first initiating unit configured to, based on the preconfiguration by the preconfiguring unit, initiate the preconfigured common communication session for at least one network entity out of the more than one network entities, and a triggering unit configured to, based on the initiation by the first initiating unit, trigger to initiate the preconfigured common communication session for at least one terminal device out of the more tha

Abstract: Example embodiments of the invention provide at least a method and apparatus for performing identifying, by a network node of a communication network, a configuration of interface availability for performing at least one of v2x service and/or proximity services by each of at least one network device; and communicating with the at least one network device information comprising the configuration based on the interface availability for use in performing the at least one of v2x service and/or proximity services. Further, for performing receiving, by a network device of a communication network, information comprising a configuration of interface availability for performing at least one of v2x service and/or proximity services by the network device; and determining, based on the received configuration, the interface availability for performing the at least one of v2x service and/or proximity services.

Abstract: There are provided measures for enabling/realizing flexible and adaptive QoS monitoring for unicast/groupcast over sidelink communication, which may preferably be capable of enhancing support of unicast/groupcast services over sidelink communication. Such measures exemplarily comprise obtaining a request for QoS monitoring for unicast/groupcast over sidelink communication with a specified quality-of-service profile, which indicates at least one target QoS metric to be monitored, determining a QoS monitoring procedure, wherein a scheme for enforcing QoS monitoring over sidelink communication in collaboration with at least one unicast/groupcast receiving-side device is decided, and performing the QoS monitoring procedure, wherein QoS monitoring messages are exchanged with the at least one unicast/groupcast receiving-side device over the sidelink communication with the specified QoS profile in accordance with the decided scheme and the at least one target quality-of-service metric is derived based thereon.

Abstract: According to a first embodiment, a method may include selecting, by a user equipment, at least one sidelink resource from at least one sidelink resource pool configured for initial access to at least one primary serving network entity. The method may further include transmitting, by the user equipment, at least one uplink request for initial access to the at least one primary serving network entity on the selected at least one sidelink resource. The method may further include receiving, by the user equipment, in response to the at least one uplink request, at least one indication from the primary serving network entity.

Abstract: An apparatus in a network node has circuitry configured for causing a scheduling of an uplink transmission for a first user equipment and a downlink reception for a second user equipment on at least one resource, wherein the at least one resource is at least partially shared between the first user equipment and second user equipment. The apparatus has circuitry configured for providing an instruction, to the first user equipment, to transmit a first signal within the at least one resource. The apparatus also has circuitry configured for providing an instruction, to the second user equipment, to detect the first signal within the at least one resource. The apparatus having further circuitry configured for receiving information, from the second user equipment, wherein the information includes an indication of whether the second user equipment has detected the first signal.

Abstract: Described herein is a coating composition including a) from 25 to 50% by weight of a polymeric binder selected from polyacrylates (A1) and/or polyesters (A2) with a crosslinkable amount of hydroxyl groups, as component (A), b) from 15 to 25% by weight of a crosslinking agent having functional groups that are reactive to OH groups, as component (B), and c) from 35 to 50% by weight of at least one monomeric and/or oligomeric reactive diluent with at least one olefinic double bond, as component (C), where the weight percentage is based on the total weight of the coating composition. This coating composition has not only low VOC but also high hardness after curing. Also described herein are a preparation method of the coating composition and a method of use thereof.

Abstract: When there is a role switch between a first apparatus acting as a relay node towards a wireless network for one or more second apparatuses acting as remote nodes a relay context used by the first apparatus towards the wireless network is communicated to a second apparatus using sidelink communication. After that the first apparatus starts to act as a remote node and the second apparatus starts to act as a relay node using the relay context. Use of the same relay context makes the role switch transparent to the wireless network.