Abstract: In an example embodiments, sending, by a remote user equipment (UE) of a source cell, towards a network node of the source cell a measurement report including a candidate relay (CR) list, wherein the CR list includes at least a cell identification for at least one CR UE for an indirect path switching from the source cell to a target cell associated with a CR UE; detecting a change of a serving cell or camping cell of the CR UE from the target cell to another cell based on receiving from the CR UE at least one message that indicates at least one cell identification for the CR UE is different than reported; and based on the detecting, sending an updated measurement report towards the network node triggering renewing a path switch decision or initiating a radio resource control connection re-establishment procedure with the source cell or the target cell.

Abstract: There is provided a method, comprising: obtaining, by a user equipment in a first cell, information of at least one candidate relay device, the information including at least a first cell identifier associated with the at least one candidate relay device; transmitting the information to a radio access node of the first cell; receiving, from the radio access node, a path switching command comprising an indication of a relay device among the at least one candidate relay device and a second cell identifier; transmitting, to the relay device, a request to act as a relay for the user equipment, the request comprising an indication of the second cell identifier associated with the path switching command.

Abstract: It is provided a method comprising: indicating that a HARQ process is initiated for transmitting at least a first HARQ message comprising an inquiry as the first message of the HARQ process, wherein the inquiry inquires whether a relay terminal for relaying a communication of a transmitting terminal is available; transmitting the first HARQ message using the HARQ process; monitoring whether a HARQ feedback is received from at least one relay terminal in response to the first HARQ message according to the HARQ process; deciding that the at least one relay terminal is available if the HARQ feedback is received from the at least one relay terminal; deciding that the at least one relay terminal is not available if the HARQ feedback is not received from the at least one relay terminal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may include receiving, by a user equipment from a first access point which supports a first radio access technology, a radio-resource-control (RRC) reconfiguration message including an RRC configuration information of a second access point, after an initiation of a slave RRC at the second access point has been determined. The second access point supports a second radio access technology, and performing, by the user equipment, a random access procedure with the second access point based on the RRC reconfiguration message. The user equipment is configured to have an RRC connection with the first access point and the first access point is a master node.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an apparatus comprising: means for sending (500) a duplicate sidelink transmission to a user equipment on each carrier of a group of carriers; means for receiving (502) feedback from the user equipment for each carrier; and means for determining (504) a sidelink carrier aggregation capability of the user equipment on the group of carriers based on the feedback.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for physical sidelink transmission for sidelink inter-user equipment resource allocation. A method may include receiving at a first user equipment based on a decision of a second user equipment, a resource allocation from the second user equipment. The method may also include determining whether to transmit a sidelink control information associated to a transmission using the resource allocation over a control channel. The method may further include performing a transmission using the resource allocation.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for handling NR slot aggregation in radio SL co-channel coexistence. A method may include determining that one or more slots of a first radio access technology overlaps a subframe of a second radio access technology. The method may also include detecting whether the second radio access technology is using the subframe of the second radio access technology. The method may further include determining by an outcome of at least one evaluated condition whether to transmit in the one or more overlapping slots or refrain to transmit in the one or more overlapping slots. The method may further include performing transmission with a same transmit power in all the slots that overlap the subframe of the second radio access technology.

Abstract: A method may include initiating, by a transmitter user equipment, a hybrid automatic repeat request process for groupcasting a transport block over seedbank to one or more relay user equipment and at least one remote user equipment. The method may also include performing a first groupcast transmission of the transport block using the hybrid repeat request process. The method may further include monitoring feedback from the one or more relay user equipment and the at least one remote user equipment at a first time instance and at a second time instance. In addition, the method may include generating a retransmission strategy of the transport block depending on the feedback monitored at the first time instance and the second time instance. Further, the method may include controlling retransmission of the transport block using the hybrid automatic repeat request process based on the retransmission strategy.

Abstract: An arrangement for role management in relay communication is disclosed. In relay communication, one user equipment relays communication between a base station and at least one remote user equipment. Initially, the relay user equipment has a better signal to a base station. When the signal changes, a better signal channel may be achieved by switching roles between a relay user equipment and a remote user equipment. This includes detecting that a better signal exists and determining that a change would provide a better signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the method includes obtaining virtual relay context information enabling by one or more relay mobile device candidates to relay traffic; and applying the virtual relay context information to be configured as a respective relay mobile device of the one or more relay mobile device candidates for relaying traffic.

Abstract: An apparatus may be configured to: connect to a first base station with one of: a direct connection, or an indirect connection via a first relay user equipment; determine at least one second relay user equipment for receiving a reconfiguration message for path switching to a second base station; establish a sidelink connection with the at least one second relay user equipment; and receive, via the sidelink connection from the at least one second relay user equipment, the reconfiguration message for the path switching to the second base station. An apparatus may be configured to: receive, from a second base station, a reconfiguration message, wherein the received reconfiguration message comprises a reconfiguration message for a remote user equipment; establish a sidelink connection with the remote user equipment; and forward, to the remote user equipment, the reconfiguration message for the remote user equipment.

Abstract: A method comprising receiving an indication from a transmitting terminal device indicative of a sidelink resource reserved for receiving a subsequent sidelink transmission from the transmitting terminal device, detecting that the subsequent sidelink transmission is not received from the transmitting terminal device over the reserved sidelink resource, determining a sidelink complementary resource set window, and monitoring the sidelink complementary resource set window for receiving the subsequent sidelink transmission from the transmitting terminal device.

Abstract: Various example embodiments relate to generation of coded transport blocks in connection with hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process(es). A device may generate a plurality of protocol data units (PDU) for transmission. The PDUs may be stored in at least one HARQ buffer. The device may determine to transmit at least one coded transport based on identifying at least two of the PDUs for generating the coded transport block(s). Apparatuses, methods, and computer programs are disclosed.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus caused at least to determine a common automatic gain control symbol to be transmitted during a first symbol of a slot, wherein the first symbol of the slot is for a transmission of a first automatic gain control symbol by a transmitting sidelink user equipment and for a transmission of a second automatic gain control symbol by a receiving sidelink user equipment and the apparatus is the transmitting sidelink user equipment, wherein the common automatic gain control symbol comprises the first automatic gain control symbol and the second automatic gain control symbol and transmit the first automatic gain control symbol during the first symbol of the slot.

Abstract: Various example embodiments relate to providing feedback with an adaptive acknowledgement mode. A device may transmit an allocation of transmission resource(s) associated with a second acknowledgement mode. The second acknowledgement mode may include transmission of a positive acknowledgement and a negative acknowledgement. Another device may detect a condition to switch to a first acknowledgement mode including transmission of the negative acknowledgement and not transmission of the positive acknowledgement. The other device may transmit an indication of a switch to the first acknowledgement mode. Apparatuses, methods, and computer programs are disclosed.

Abstract: In some examples, a method of wireless communication by a user equipment, UE, comprises receiving configured grant, CG, configuration data at a first UE, the CG configuration data comprising bi-directional CG information for an aligned sidelink communication session between the first UE and a second UE, monitoring for receipt of a first transmission of the communication session at the first UE, and on the basis of the monitoring, acquiring the channel for the sidelink communication session at the first UE.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising means for: determining at least one expected arrival sequence of one or more expected data units to be transmitted over at least one network system; determining if at least one of the one or more expected data units does not arrive for transmission over the at least one network system as expected; and if it is determined that at least one of the one or more expected data units does not arrive for transmission over the at least one network system as expected, increasing transmission reliability of one or more data units adjacent to at least one expected data unit that has not arrived for transmission over the at least one network system as expected.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a hemostatic clip, including an inner sleeve, a transitional inner sleeve, steel micro balls, a clip holder, a ball head pull rod, and clamps. The ball head pull rod is accommodated in the transitional inner sleeve, the transitional inner sleeve is accommodated in the inner sleeve, the inner sleeve is limited between the transitional inner sleeve and the clip holder, the steel micro balls are clamped between the clip holder and the transitional inner sleeve, and the steel micro balls are fixed to the clip holder. By pulling the ball head pull rod, the transitional inner sleeve is driven to move backward, so that a front end of the transitional inner sleeve is elastically deformed, to separate the transitional inner sleeve from the steel micro balls and the clip holder.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are provided to facilitate relay discovery, selection, and/or reselection for U2N relaying over SL utilizing a service-continuity indication provided via one or more solicitation messages from a remote UE to at least one relay UE. In some embodiments, a serving network may provide identification of the at least one relay UE via a remote configuration for the remote UE. In some embodiments, the serving network may provide identification of the at least one relay UE via a response message transmitted to the remote UE via SL. In some embodiments, the remote UE may prioritize one or more potential relay UE candidates identified by the serving network.