Abstract: A selector fork arrangement for a manual transmission in a motor vehicle is suggested that largely comprises a fork body (1) and carrying element (2,3) that connect the fork body (1) to the control rod (9). Fork body (1) and carrying elements (2, 3) are cut entirely from flat metal and are riveted to one another by means of rivet projections (7, 8, 15), which are themselves formed from the flat metal, and complementary rivet openings in the carrying elements (2, 3). This selector fork arrangement satisfies all requirements in terms of strength and functionality, can be produced and assembled in a simple manner, and does not require any adjustment or finishing processes after assembly and prior to installation in the manual transmission.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to improve the moisture resistance of dry powder formulations for inhalation which contain a pharmaceutically ineffective carrier of not-inhalable particle size and a finely divided pharmaceutically active compound of inhalable particle size and to also improve the storage stability of said formulations. To this end, magnesium stearate is used in said formulations. On of the features of the inventive dry powder is that a high fine particle dosage or fine particle fraction can be maintained also under relatively extreme temperature and humidity conditions.

Abstract: Methods for the treatment of patients that are afflicted with pulmonary conditions, such as a pulmonary disease are described. The methods may involve the administration of aerosolized medicines. More specifically, compositions including disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) and therapeutic methods that include the pulmonary administration of such compositions are described.

Abstract: The application describes a sterile aqueous inhalation solution containing the active agent tobramycin. The preparation has a high content of active agent (about 80 to 120 mg/ml of tobramycin) and contains an acidic adjuvant, but contains only a low concentration of sodium chloride (at most about 2 mg/ml). It can be injected or administered as an aerosol, for example with conventional nebuliser. It is particularly suitable for application in combination with a modern vibrating membrane nebuliser and allows the administration of a therapeutic single does in markedly less than 10 minutes.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to improve the moisture resistance of dry powder formulations for inhalation which contain a pharmaceutically ineffective carrier of not-inhalable particle size and a finely divided pharmaceutically active compound of inhalable particle size and to also improve the storage stability of said formulations. To this end, magnesium stearate is used in said formulations. One of the features of the inventive dry powder is that a high fine particle dosage or fine particle fraction can be maintained also under relatively extreme temperature and humidity conditions.

Abstract: A method for increasing the long-term operational reliability of a fiber optic interferometer. Noise in a detector output signal is set to a desired value by correcting the detector light power. Detector light power is corrected by varying a light source current of a light source of the interferometer. A change in the light source power results. It is thereby possible to increase both the reliability and useful life of the interferometer.

Abstract: An inhaler for multiple dosed administration of a pharmacological dry powder has a housing with a mouthpiece fitted thereon and a removable protective cap that covers the mouthpiece prior to removal. The mouthpiece may be fitted with or without lip grooves, which aid a user in the positioning and manipulation of the inhaler. The inhaler includes a dosing slide, a carriage, a dosing cavity and a valve shield, all of which are arranged within the housing. Removal of the protective cap initiates dosing, which consists of a dose of a pharmacological dry powder being received in the dosing cavity and then transported to the mouthpiece by means of the dosing slide. Only upon application of a defined minimum intensity of inhalation is the shutter moved by the suctioned valve shield, resulting in the release of the dose for inhalation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the asynchronous serial data transmission between a transmitter and a receiver over a radio transmission link, whereby a synchronization data frame and a carrier recognition frame is arranged in front of the useful data frame. The data frames are each enframed at the beginning and end by a start bit and a stop bit at the beginning and end. The coding of all data frames results such that, in addition to the start and stop bits, an equal number of zero and one bits exists.

Abstract: An inhalation nebulizer includes an aerosol generator that has a diaphragm vibrated by a vibration generator. The inhalation nebulizer includes a liquid storage container that is in fluid contact with the diaphragm. A liquid contained in the storage container is atomized into a mixing chamber through openings in the diaphragm and can subsequently be inhaled by a patient.

Abstract: The invention is in the field of pharmaceutical dosage forms, and more particularly in the field of pharmaceutical granules and processes for making granules. The invention provides a process for preparing pharmaceutical granules which contain an active ingredient in the form of a salt, said process comprising the steps of (a) providing a powder containing the active ingredient as a free base or acid, and (b) agglomerating the powder by adding a granulation liquid to form granules; wherein step (b) is conducted in the presence of a neutralization agent capable of neutralizing the active ingredient, and for a sufficient amount of time to allow the active ingredient to become at least partially converted into a salt. The invention also provides pharmaceutical granules obtainable by said process and pharmaceutical compositions comprising said granules. The invention further provides the use of pharmaceutical granules for the pulmonary delivery of an active ingredient.

Abstract: A spectrally broadband light source of high optical power for fiber optic applications. A number of LEDs are arranged as a monolithic array of adjacent surface-emitting, bright, on a wafer or chip. A microoptics array is arranged upstream of the monolithic LED linear array on the emission side for focusing the light beams emanating from the LEDs. Collecting optics in particular a spherical lens, is provided for optimizing the optical power to be launched into a fiber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of dinitrotoluene by the two-stage nitration of toluene. In the first stage of this process, toluene was reacted adiabatically with nitrating acid so that at least 90% of the toluene was reacted off and no more than 70% of the toluene formed dinitrotoluene. The resulting organic phase containing mononitrotoluene and the aqueous acid phase containing sulfuric acid were separated, and the aqueous acid phase containing sulfuric acid was concentrated by flash evaporation. The resulting concentrated sulfuric acid was recycled into the reaction in the first stage, and/or into the reaction in the second stage, and/or into the concentration in the second stage. In the second stage, the organic phase containing mononitrotoluene from the first stage was completely reacted isothermally with nitrating acid.

Abstract: An inhalation nebulizer (1) includes an aerosol generator (2) that has a diaphragm (22) vibrated by a vibration generator (23). The inhalation nebulizer (1) includes a liquid storage container (21) that is in fluid contact with the diaphragm (22). A liquid contained in the storage container (21) is atomized into a mixing chamber (3) through openings in the diaphragm and can subsequently be inhaled by a patient.

Abstract: Sterile compositions for administration as aerosols are described. They contain an active agent which is poorly water-soluble, a non-ionic surfactant acomponent and a phospholipid component. The compositions are suitable for oral or nasal inhalation, but also for topical or oromucosal administration. They are particulary useful for the efficient pulmonary administration of poorly soluble corticosteroids and can be aerosolized with common nebulizers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of dinitrotoluene by the two-stage nitration of toluene.

Abstract: The invention relates to pharmaceutical kits for the preparation of liquid compositions which can be administered to humans as aerosols for the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of human diseases. A kit according to the invention comprises a solid composition and a sterile aqueous liquid capable of dispersing or dissolving the solid composition to form a liquid composition which can be aerosolized. The solid composition of the kit comprises one or more active compounds and a water-soluble, low molecular weight excipient. Preferably, the solid composition comprises a sugar or a sugar alcohol, such as mannitol, lactose, or glucose.

Abstract: A method for increasing the long-term operational reliability of a fiber optic interferometer. Noise in a detector output signal is set to a desired value by correcting the detector light power. Detector light power is corrected by varying a light source current of a light source of the interferometer. A change in the light source power results. It is thereby possible to increase both the reliability and useful life of the interferometer.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to improve the moisture resistance of dry powder formulations for inhalation which contain a pharmaceutically ineffective carrier of not-inhalable particle size and a finely divided pharmaceutically active compound of inhalable particle size and to also improve the storage stability of said formulations. To this end, magnesium stearate is used in said formulations. One of the features of the inventive dry powder is that a high fine particle dosage or fine particle fraction can be maintained also under relatively extreme temperature and humidity conditions.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to improve the moisture resistance of dry powder formulations for inhalation which contain a pharmaceutically ineffective carrier of not-inhalable particle size and a finely divided pharmaceutically active compound of inhalable particle size and to also improve the storage stability of said formulations. To this end, magnesium stearate is used in said formulations. One of the features of the inventive dry powder is that a high fine particle dosage or fine particle fraction can be maintained also under relatively extreme temperature and humidity conditions.

Abstract: The inhalation device comprises an oscillator (1), on which a powder (6) for nebulisation may be placed, containing a medicament and which may be activated in order to nebulise the applied powder, a mixing chamber (2) into which the powder particles are thrown and where an aerosol cloud (6a) is formed from incoherent particles, an inhalation check valve (3) which permits ambient air into the mixing chamber (2) during inhalation to evacuate the particle cloud (6a) and an exhalation check valve (4), by means of which expired air is led off into the environment to prevent damp breath entering the mixing chamber (2) during exhalation.