Abstract: The invention relates to a telepresence system (1) with a human-machine interface (2), and with a teleoperator (3) designed to communicate bid sectionally with the human-machine interface (2) via a communications channel (4).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of amines and/or Mannich adducts as detergents and/or dispersants in fuel and lubricant compositions for direct-injection gasoline engines. The invention further relates to fuel and lubricant compositions which comprise at least one such Mannich adduct, and also a bisaminoalkylated Mannich adduct.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel quaternized polyetheramines and to the preparation thereof. The present invention further relates to the use of these compounds as a fuel and lubricant additive. More particularly, the invention relates to the use of these quaternized nitrogen compounds as a fuel additive for reducing or preventing deposits in the injection systems of direct injection diesel engines, especially in common rail injection systems, for reducing the fuel consumption of direct injection diesel engines, especially of diesel engines with common rail injection systems, and for minimizing power loss in direct injection diesel engines, especially in diesel engines with common rail injection systems. The invention also provides additive packages comprising these polyetheramines; and fuels and lubricants additized therewith.

Abstract: Polyisobutenylphenol-containing Mannich adducts are prepared by a) alkylation of a phenol with highly reactive polyisobutene at below about 50° C. in the presence of an alkylation catalyst; b) reaction of the reaction product from a) with formaldehyde, an oligomer or a polymer of formaldehyde and at least one amine which has at least one secondary amino function and no primary amino function, or c) reaction of the reaction product from a) with at least one adduct of at least one amine which has at least one secondary or primary amino function and formaldehyde, an oligomer of formaldehyde, a polymer of formaldehyde or a formaldehyde equivalent, and are used as detergent additives in fuel and lubricant compositions, and additive concentrates, fuel compositions and lubricant compositions contain these Mannich adducts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of amines and/or Mannich adducts as detergents and/or dispersants in fuel and lubricant compositions for direct-injection gasoline engines. The invention further relates to fuel and lubricant compositions which comprise at least one such Mannich adduct, and also a bisaminoalkylated Mannich adduct.

Abstract: An amine mixture includes a polyisobuteneamine and an aliphatic amine. The amine mixture is obtained by reductive amination of a mixture with ammonia or an amine HNR2R3. The mixture can be a mixture of the oxo process product formed in the hydroformylation of polybutene or polyisobutene and an alkanol R4—OH. The mixture can also be a mixture of the epoxide formed in the epoxidation of polybutene or polyisobutene and an alkanol R4—OH. Or, instead, the mixture can be a mixture of the nitro compound formed in the reaction of polybutene or polyisobutene with nitrogen oxides and an alkanol R4—OH. The amine mixture is suitable for cleaning and keeping clean intake valves and injection nozzles in gasoline engines.

Abstract: The use of the reaction product formed from a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof and a nitrogen compound I or a salt thereof as an additive in a fuel for reducing fuel consumption in gasoline engines.

Abstract: The invention relates to a medical work station (1) for treating a living being (13) by means of a medical instrument (1). The work station (1) includes at least one robot arm (3), which has a plurality of members connected by means of joints, drives to move the members, and an attaching device (10), at least one control device (4) coupled with the drives, which is set up to generate signals for actuating the drives, so that the attaching devices (10) carry out movements assigned to the signals, and a display device (6) coupled with the control device (4).

Abstract: In a method to test a brake of a robot that has a number of axes, an actuator associated with one of the axes, a brake associated with this axis that is set up to at least reduce a movement of this axis, and a torque sensor associated with this axis, which determines the torque acting on this axis. The brake is activated, the torque acting on the axis is determined by the torque sensor given an activated brake, and the functional capability of the brake is assessed in a processor based on an evaluation of the torque determined by the torque sensor.

Abstract: Polyisobutenylphenol-containing Mannich adducts are prepared by a) alkylation of a phenol with highly reactive polyisobutene at below about 50° C. in the presence of an alkylation catalyst; b) reaction of the reaction product from a) with formaldehyde, an oligomer or a polymer of formaldehyde and at least one amine which has at least one secondary amino function and no primary amino function, or c) reaction of the reaction product from a) with at least one adduct of at least one amine which has at least one secondary or primary amino function and formaldehyde, an oligomer of formaldehyde, a polymer of formaldehyde or a formaldehyde equivalent, and are used as detergent additives in fuel and lubricant compositions, and additive concentrates, fuel compositions and lubricant compositions contain these Mannich adducts.

Abstract: Polyisobutenylphenol-containing Mannich adducts are prepared by a) alkylation of a phenol with highly reactive polyisobutene having a number average molecular weight of less than 1000 and a polydispersity of less than 3.0, at below about 50° C. in the presence of an alkylation catalyst; b) reaction of the reaction product from a) with b1) an aldehyde chosen from formaldehyde, an oligomer and a polymer of formaldehyde and b2) at least one amine which has at least one primary or one secondary amino function and are used as detergent additives in fuel and lubricant compositions, and additive concentrates, fuel compositions and lubricant compositions contain these Mannich adducts.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a telemanipulated medical robot (R) guided by hand or by means of an input device, to a telemanipulated medical robot (R) guided by hand or by means of an input device, and to a medical work place. The medical robot (R) comprises a robot arm (M) with a plurality of moveable axes (1-6) and a control device (17) for moving the axes (1-6) of the robot arms (M) by means of drives (11-16). The control device (17) is adapted to automatically change the work region (A) of the medical robot (R) due to a change of position, relative to a robot base (B) of the medical robot (R), of a living being (P) that is being treated by means of the medical robot (R) in such a way that the work region (A) of the medical robot (R) stays the same relative to the living being (P).

Abstract: Polyisobutenylphenol-containing Mannich adducts are prepared by a) alkylation of a phenol with highly reactive polyisobutene at below about 50° C. in the presence of an alkylation catalyst; b) reaction of the reaction product from a) with formaldehyde, an oligomer or a polymer of formaldehyde and at least one amine which has at least one secondary amino function and no primary amino function, or c) reaction of the reaction product from a) with at least one adduct of at least one amine which has at least one secondary or primary amino function and formaldehyde, an oligomer of formaldehyde, a polymer of formaldehyde or a formaldehyde equivalent, and are used as detergent additives in fuel and lubricant compositions, and additive concentrates, fuel compositions and lubricant compositions contain these Mannich adducts.

Abstract: The invention relates to a medical robot (R) and a method for meeting the performance requirements of a medical robot (R). The robot (R) comprises several axes (1-6) and a controller (17). A medical tool (21 -24) is fixed to a fixing device (18) on the robot (R) and the working range (30) of the robot (R) is set by the controller (17) in particular with safe techniques such that the robot (R) meets the performance requirements of the medical tool (21-24).

Abstract: Polyisobuteneamines of the general formula R1—CH2—NR2R3 in which R1 is a polyisobutyl radical which is derived from isobutene and up to 20% by weight of n-butene and has a number-average molecular weight Mn of from 600 to 770, and R2 and R3 are each independently hydrogen, a C1-C18-alkyl, C2-C18-alkenyl, C4-C18-cycloalkyl, C1-C18-alkylaryl, hydroxy-C1-C18-alkyl, poly(oxyalkyl), polyalkylenepolyamine or polyalkyleneimine radical or, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, are a heterocyclic ring are suitable as detergents in gasoline fuels, reduce valve sticking and improve the compatibility of the detergents with carrier oils and compatibility in fuel compositions which comprise a mineral fuel content and C1-C4-alkanols.

Abstract: In a method to test a brake of a robot that has a number of axes, an actuator associated with one of the axes, a brake associated with this axis that is set up to at least reduce a movement of this axis, and a torque sensor associated with this axis, which determines the torque acting on this axis. The brake is activated, the torque acting on the axis is determined by the torque sensor given an activated brake, and the functional capability of the brake is assessed in a processor based on an evaluation of the torque determined by the torque sensor.