Abstract: Fine holes each having a diameter of scores of nanometers are formed in each of diamond thin films at an interval equal to the diameter of the fine hole, and metal electrodes each having a low resistivity are buried in the fine holes, and the distance between metal electrodes and the diamond thin films through which flows an electric current is set at an order of scores of nanometers so as to markedly lower the on-resistance. As a result, provided is a microswitch having a low on-resistance and utilizing the high reliability inherent in diamond.

Abstract: Fine holes each having a diameter of scores of nanometers are formed in each of diamond thin films at an interval equal to the diameter of the fine hole, and metal electrodes each having a low resistivity are buried in the fine holes, and the distance between metal electrodes and the diamond thin films through which flows an electric current is set at an order of scores of nanometers so as to markedly lower the on-resistance. As a result, provided is a microswitch having a low on-resistance and utilizing the high reliability inherent in diamond.

Abstract: A discharge lamp comprises an enclosure in which a discharging gas is sealed, and a pair of electron-emitting members sealed in the enclosure between which a voltage is applied and each of which has, at its surface, a plurality of conductive micro-tips and an electron-emitting film which supports the plurality of conductive micro-tips and is made of a material whose secondary emission efficiency is higher than that of the material for the conductive micro-tips with respect to the discharging gas.

Abstract: The invention provides an ink-jet ink comprising (A) diethylene glycol, (B) at least one of trimethylolpropane and ethyleneurea, (C) a glycol having a vapor pressure lower than that of diethylene glycol at 20° C., (D) a coloring material, and (E) water, wherein the total amount of the components (A), (B) and (C) is 10 to 40% by weight based on the total weight of the ink. The ink is hard to undergo a change in ink composition even when the ink is used in ejection with no recording or ejection-recovery operation, and also hard to undergo a change in ink properties even when the ink composition is changed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a cloth treating agent comprising a tocopherol and at least one of a polyethylene oxide compound and a derivative thereof. The cloth treating agent permits the provision of a print which has sufficiently high color value and depth in color and can be prevented to the utmost from undergoing bleeding even when the amount of inks applied is great.

Abstract: Provided is an ink which comprises an aqueous medium and a coloring material dispersed in the aqueous medium with a dispersant, where the coloring material is contained in an amount of at most 1% by weight with respect to the total weight of the ink, and the ratio (B/P ratio) of the dispersant to the coloring material is larger than 1.

Abstract: Provided is an ink-jet ink suitable for high speed printing and reduced ink ejection amount, which ink comprise a water-insoluble coloring material dispersed in water with a resinous dispersant, glycerin, ethylene urea, and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether with HLB not lower than 13.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water-soluble addition polymer which is produced from a carboxylated diol represented by the following general formula (I) and a polyisocyanate and has an acid value of 100 to 250, and an aqueous ink using this polymer as a dispersant for a disperse dye: wherein the residue A is an aromatic, alicyclic or aliphatic polybasic acid residue, and the residue B is a trivalent aliphatic alcohol residue.

Abstract: Provided is an ink set including a plurality of inks each of which contains a water-insoluble coloring material and enabling ink-jet record images to be stably formed. The ink set includes first to nth aqueous inks for ink-jet recording, each of the aqueous inks containing a water-insoluble coloring material, an aqueous medium and a dispersant for dispersing the pigment in the aqueous medium, and a water-soluble organic compound, wherein the first to the nth aqueous inks are different from each other in pigment concentration based on the total weight of the each ink; and the first to the nth aqueous inks have the same or substantially the same viscosity at an actual usage temperature (T1).

Abstract: An ink media pack integrally formed with an ink receptacle portion receiving ink and a printing medium receptacle portion receiving a printing medium to be used in an ink-jet printing system is disclosed. In the pack, an optimal combination of ink and a printing medium to obtain a high quality image is housed. In an embodiment the printing medium is cloth and the ink contains dye which can dye the cloth. In another embodiment, the ink has a coloring agent content in a range of 2.0 Wt % to 15.0 Wt % and the printing medium has a bleeding ratio in a range of 2.0 times to 4.0 times.

Abstract: The present invention facilitates a supply of ink with a structural components at relatively low costs. It is performed by shifting a printing head having ink ejecting portion and sub tank portion into a state of reduced pressure. That is, draining ink from the sub tank portion to the outside and supplying ink from an ink storage container to the sub ink portion are performed by a reduced pressure in the printing head. Also, a carriage on which the printing head can be mounted shifts its position, and a plurality of ink receiving portions communicated with a plurality of their relative sub ink tank and a plurality of ink supplying portions communicated with a plurality of their relative main ink tanks are arranged in a predetermined manner. That is, the plurality of sub ink tanks and a plurality of main ink tanks are communicated together on a pair basis.

Abstract: A pack integrally housing inks and printing media has an ink housing section 211 arranged so as to overlap part of a printing media housing section 210. The ink housing section 211 is configured to rotationally move around a rotational moving shaft 212e so as to be opened and closed relative to the printing media housing section 210. On the other hand, the printing media housing section 210 has an opening 215 formed in a lower part thereof and in which part of housed printing media appears, thereby enabling the pack to come into contact with a sheet feeding roller of the printer when the pack is installed in a printer. Additionally, while not installed in the printer, the pack is covered with the opening and closing ink housing section 211, thereby enabling the printing media to be protected from dusts or the like.

Abstract: An ink media pack integrally formed with an ink receptacle portion receiving ink and a printing medium receptacle portion receiving a printing medium to be used in an ink-jet printing system is disclosed. In the pack, an optimal combination of ink and a printing medium to obtain a high quality image is housed. In an embodiment the printing medium is cloth and the ink contains dye which can dye the cloth. In another embodiment, the ink has a coloring agent content in a range of 2.0 Wt % to 15.0 Wt % and the printing medium has a bleeding ratio in a range of 2.0 times to 4.0 times.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a cloth treating agent comprising a tocopherol and at least one of a polyethylene oxide compound and a derivative thereof. The cloth treating agent permits the provision of a print which has sufficiently high color value and depth in color and can be prevented to the utmost from undergoing bleeding even when the amount of inks applied is great.

Abstract: A pack integrally housing inks and printing media has an ink housing section 211 arranged so as to overlap part of a printing media housing section 210. The ink housing section 211 is configured to rotationally move around a rotational moving shaft 212e so as to be opened and closed relative to the printing media housing section 210. On the other hand, the printing media housing section 210 has an opening 215 formed in a lower part thereof and in which part of housed printing media appears, thereby enabling the pack to come into contact with a sheet feeding roller of the printer when the pack is installed in a printer. Additionally, while not installed in the printer, the pack is covered with the opening and closing ink housing section 211, thereby enabling the printing media to be protected from dusts or the like.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a printing process in which at least two inks are applied to a cloth according to an ink-jet system to conduct printing, which comprises at least three steps of: (a) applying the two inks to the cloth in such a manner that at least a part of the inks overlaps each other; (b) subjecting the cloth, to which the inks have been applied, to a heat treatment; and (c) washing the heat-treated cloth, wherein the cloth is a cloth comprising fibers dyeable with disperse dyes, and each of the inks comprises a specified coloring matter, a compound for dispersing the coloring matter and an aqueous liquid medium.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser is disclosed, which realizes a continuous oscillation in a fundamental transverse mode at a low operating voltage by a transverse mode control. This semiconductor laser is fabricated by forming successively the following layers on a sapphire substrate 10 in the order an n-type GaN contact layer, an n-type GaAlN cladding layer 13, an MQW active layer 16, a p-type GaAlN cladding layer 19, wherein the laser comprises a double heterostructure including a ridge in the shape of a stripe formed in the cladding layer 19 and a light confining layer 20 formed in a region except the ridge portion of the cladding layer 19 on the double heterostructure, wherein a refractive index of the light confining layer 20 is larger than that of a p-type GaAlN cladding layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an ink-jet printing cloth which is dyed with inks containing a reactive dye and is composed mainly of silk fibers, wherein the cloth contains an alkaline substance in an amount of 0.01 to 0.8% by weight based on the dry weight of the cloth.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nitride semiconductor laser by which stable high power room-temperature continuous-wave oscillation in fundamental mode is possible. A semiconductor laser diode comprising: a GaN layer; a first conductive type nitride semiconductor layer formed on said GaN layer and made of AlxGa1-xN(0.04≦x≦0.08); a first conductive type clad layer formed on said first conductive type nitride semiconductor layer and made of nitride semiconductor; a core area formed on said first conductive type clad layer and made of nitride semiconductor, said core area including an active layer to emit light by electric current injection; and a second conductive type clad layer formed on said core area and made of nitride semiconductor.

Abstract: The invention provides an ink-jet ink comprising (A) diethylene glycol, (B) at least one of trimethylolpropane and ethyleneurea, (C) a glycol having a vapor pressure lower than that of diethylene glycol at 20° C., (D) a coloring material, and (E) water, wherein the total amount of the components (A), (B) and (C) is 10 to 40% by weight based on the total weight of the ink. The ink is hard to undergo a change in ink composition even when the ink is used in ejection with no recording or ejection-recovery operation, and also hard to undergo a change in ink properties even when the ink composition is changed.