Abstract: The embodiments include an array in intimate adjacent contact with a substrate foundation. The array has a plurality of radio frequency (RF) witness films overlain on the substrate foundation. Each RF witness film is a unit cell defined in a three-dimensional coordinate frame of reference, and is centered at an origin of the three-dimensional coordinate frame of reference. Each RF witness film in the plurality of RF witness films is equally-spaced from adjacent RF witness films.

Abstract: An electronic environmental sensor tag includes microsensor elements using magnetic logic devices adapted to detect target chemical and/or target environmental conditions. The microsensor elements operate only periodically to save power, and also include non-volatile memories and communications circuits to allow interrogation and detection of a target condition. The microsensor element state is detected and then processed to identify a detected value for the target chemical. The detected value can be communicated by an antenna element to a separate reader device.

Abstract: An electronic environmental sensor tag includes microsensor elements using magnetic logic devices adapted to detect target chemical and/or target environmental conditions. The microsensor elements operate only periodically to save power, and also include non-volatile memories and communications circuits to allow interrogation and detection of a target condition.

Abstract: A coated article includes integrated circuit detection elements incorporated on a surface or embedded in a body, which elements are adapted to detect target chemical and/or target environmental conditions. The detection elements include microsensors applied with liquid and dry mixtures, including compounds of inks, dyes, print powders, aerosols and other suspensions. The microsensor state is detected and then processed to identify a detected value for the target chemical. Depending on the result, a readout substance is released to indicate a presence of the target chemical.

Abstract: A chemical detection system on an integrated circuit includes microsensor elements adapted to detect target chemical and/or target environmental conditions. The chemical detection system generally includes carbon nanotubes as the microsensor elements, magnetoelectronic processing components for interpreting the CNT state, non-volatile memory for storing the detection state, and a combination of readout options, including transmitting antennas and micromechanical structures for controlling an expression of a readout substance.

Abstract: A chemical detection mixture includes microsensor elements adapted to detect target chemical and/or target environmental conditions. The microsensor elements can be incorporated within liquid and dry mixtures, including compounds of inks, dyes, print powders, aerosols and other suspensions. The microsensor element state is detected and then processed to identify a detected value for the target chemical. Depending on the result, a readout substance is released to indicate a presence of the target chemical.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for using microsensors elements embedded in or on articles for detecting target chemical and/or target environmental conditions of interest, including materials hazardous to human health and/or associated with illegal activity. The microsensor elements can be fabricated on a single semiconductor chip, and can be made indetectable to facilitate secure surveillance of potentially illegal activities.

Abstract: A chemical detection mixture includes microsensor elements adapted to detect target chemical and/or target environmental conditions. The microsensor elements can be incorporated within liquid and dry mixtures, including compounds of inks, dyes, print powders, aerosols and other suspensions.

Abstract: A coated article includes microsensor elements incorporated on a surface or embedded in a body, which elements are adapted to detect target chemical and/or target environmental conditions. The microsensor elements can be applied with liquid and dry mixtures, including compounds of inks, dyes, print powders, aerosols and other suspensions.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for using microsensors elements embedded in or on articles for detecting target chemical and/or target environmental conditions of interest, including materials hazardous to human health and/or associated with illegal activity. The microsensor elements can be fabricated on a single semiconductor chip, and can be made indetectable to facilitate secure surveillance of potentially illegal activities.

Abstract: A chemical detection system includes microsensor elements adapted to detect target chemical and/or target environmental conditions. The microsensor elements can be fabricated on a single semiconductor chip, and include carbon nanotubes, magnetoelectronic processing components, non-volatile memory, and micromechanical structures for controlling an expression of a readout substance.

Abstract: Resistance elements, including Magnetic Tunnel Junction devices are configured as magnetoelectronic (ME) devices. These resistive devices are useable as circuit building blocks in reconfigurable processing systems, including as logic circuits, non-volatile switches and memory cells.

Abstract: Resistance elements, including Magnetic Tunnel Junction devices are configured as magnetoelectronic (ME) devices. These resistive devices are useable as circuit building blocks in reconfigurable processing systems, including as logic circuits, non-volatile switches and memory cells.

Abstract: Hybrid Hall Effect Devices implemented with Spin Transfer Torque write capability are configured as magnetoelectronic (ME) devices. These devices are useable as circuit building blocks in reconfigurable processing systems, including as logic circuits, non-volatile switches and memory cells.

Abstract: Resistance elements, including Magnetic Tunnel Junction devices are configured as magnetoelectronic (ME) devices. These resistive devices are useable as circuit building blocks in reconfigurable processing systems, including as logic circuits, non-volatile switches and memory cells.

Abstract: Resistance elements, including Magnetic Tunnel Junction devices are configured as magnetoelectronic (ME) devices. These resistive devices are useable as circuit building blocks in reconfigurable processing systems, including as logic circuits, non-volatile switches and memory cells.

Abstract: Magnetoelectronic circuits include Hybrid Hall Effect devices implemented with Spin Transfer Torque write capability. The circuits include reconfigurable processing systems, logic circuits, non-volatile switches, memory cells, etc.

Abstract: Hybrid Hall Effect Devices implemented with Spin Transfer Torque write capability are configured as magnetoelectronic (ME) devices. These devices are useable as circuit building blocks in reconfigurable processing systems, including as logic circuits, non-volatile switches and memory cells.

Abstract: Magnetoelectronic circuits include Hybrid Hall Effect devices implemented with Spin Transfer Torque write capability. The circuits include reconfigurable processing systems, logic circuits, non-volatile switches, memory cells, etc.

Abstract: Magnetoelectronic (ME) logic circuits and methods of operating the same are disclosed for use in energy constrained applications in which logic operations are carried out using a minimal number of physical operations. Microsystems of different circuits made from different types of ME devices can be constructed and employed in applications such as sensors, smart dust, etc. including in clockless applications.