Abstract: A system and method control intake air of an internal combustion engine. The engine has at least one combustion chamber provided with intake valves together with an intake manifold provided with a throttle valve. The opening and closure timings of the intake valves are adjustable entirely independently by electromagnetic drivers from the crankshaft position to control the amount of intake air supplied to the combustion chamber. The system and method provide a response adjustment to variable valve timing control of the intake valves for unthrottled intake air control.

Abstract: In variable valve control system and method for a vehicular multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, a first learning timing at which a reference position of a lift characteristic is learned for a first cylinder group is deviated from a second learning timing at which the reference position is learned for a second cylinder group.

Abstract: A variable valve control system for an internal combustion engine, includes a valve to open and close an opening of a combustion chamber of the engine, a variable lift characteristic control mechanism to adjust a valve lift characteristic of the valve, a sensing section to collect information needed to determine an estimated valve lift characteristic of the valve, an input section to receive an externally input calibration-mode command. The variable valve control system is configured to perform: controlling the valve lift characteristic to be a mechanically defined small setting in response to the calibration-mode command; collecting the information when the valve lift characteristic is the small setting; and calibrating the sensing section in accordance with the collected information.

Abstract: To provide a storage apparatus in which a plurality of drives in a unit are separately treated and the unit can be easily exchanged for another unit even when RAID groups are freely composed. The storage apparatus includes a plurality of drive cases in each of which a plurality of units are detachably mounted, each of the units including a plurality of drives that are detachably, and a controller case in which a disk control section is provided, wherein the disk control section comprises a RAID group creation section for creating a RAID group using the plurality of disks and an exchange indicating section for giving a notice that a unit is ready to exchange after rebuilding or copying of data in disks included in the unit at the time of exchange of the unit.

Abstract: To provide a storage apparatus in which a plurality of drives in a unit are separately treated and the unit can be easily exchanged for another unit even when RAID groups are freely composed. The storage apparatus includes a plurality of drive cases in each of which a plurality of units are detachably mounted, each of the units including a plurality of drives that are detachably, and a controller case in which a disk control section is provided, wherein the disk control section comprises a RAID group creation section for creating a RAID group using the plurality of disks and an exchange indicating section for giving a notice that a unit is ready to exchange after rebuilding or copying of data in disks included in the unit at the time of exchange of the unit.

Abstract: A clock signal transmitting system is disclosed, which comprises a controlling circuit for generating a first control signal and a second control signal which contains synchronization information of the first control signal, a first reference voltage generating circuit for generating a first reference voltage which periodically varies corresponding to the first control signal, a second reference voltage generating circuit for generating a second reference voltage which periodically varies corresponding to the second control signal, a first comparator for comparing a source clock signal with the first reference voltage and generating a transmission clock signal, and a second comparator for comparing the transmission clock signal with the second reference voltage and generating a reproduced clock signal.

Abstract: A magnetic disk array device is equipped with ATA magnetic disks, at least one disk array controller for controlling the ATA magnetic disks, and at least one processing offload function module provided between the disk array controller and the ATA magnetic disk. The disk array controller outputs one of a standard processing FC command for performing a standard processing such as a read or write processing, and an offload processing FC command for performing a vendor-unique offload processing. The processing offload function module performs a command mapping for the standard processing FC command and issues to the ATA magnetic disk a corresponding ATA command, and prepares a group of ATA commands for the offload processing FC command for optimum processing in an ATA protocol.

Abstract: Conventional methods for appending a validation code are not applicable to a disk array system in which the disk array comprises disk devices having a fixed sector length. The present invention solves this problem by separating validation codes from data blocks, bundling them together in blocks that can be easily matched with sectors, and carrying out all the associated management and control by hardware, such as coordination between validation codes and data blocks and operations of reading from and writing into the disk devices, thereby offering the same level of reliability as with conventional systems.

Abstract: A quantity of internal EGR gases remaining in an engine is estimated in accordance with an exhaust valve closing timing, an intake valve opening timing and an engine speed. The estimated internal EGR quantity is a sum of a base quantity and an increase correction quantity determined in accordance with a valve overlap period, its middle angular position in crankshaft rotation and intake pressure. The estimated internal EGR quantity is used for estimating an engine cylinder intake air quantity and for engine control such as ignition timing control, and intake air quantity control.

Abstract: In a light emitting diode, a light-emitting region is including an active layer provided between a first conductivity type cladding layer formed on the semiconductor substrate and a second conductivity type cladding layer. A transparent conductive film made of a metal oxide is located over the light-emitting region. A layer for preventing exfoliation of the transparent conductive film, the preventing layer being made of a compound semiconductor contains at least aluminum and is located between the light-emitting region and the transparent conductive film. The layer for preventing exfoliation of the transparent conductive film contains a conductivity type determination impurity in a concentration of 1×1019 cm−3 or higher.

Abstract: In a variable valve timing system for an internal combustion engine, a soft-landing revertive control that an electromagnetic brake is de-energized and then an angular position of a camshaft relative to a crankshaft returns to an initial position is performed by a combination of a feedback control and a feedforward control. During the revertive control, the feedback control is executed in such a manner as to temporarily halt the angular phase of the camshaft at a predetermined position, which is phase-changed by a predetermined phase angle from the initial position. After the feedback control, the operating mode is switched to a feedforward control, so as to return the angular phase of the camshaft from the predetermined position to the initial position by changing a controlled quantity or a control-signal duty cycle value for the electromagnetic brake with a predetermined time rate of change.

Abstract: A bit apparatus in which a cutter member having cutting teeth is axially supported on a shaft for rotation about the shaft, and a bearing mechanism is interposed between the cutter member and the shaft. The bearing mechanism includes at least a radial bearing for bearing a radially directed load and a thrust bearing for bearing an axially directed load. The radial bearing has a shaft-side split bearing member and a cutter-side split bearing member that are opposed to or in sliding contact with each other and capable of rotating relative to each other.

Abstract: A system and method control intake air of an internal combustion engine. The engine has at least one combustion chamber provided with intake valves together with an intake manifold provided with a throttle valve. The opening and closure timings of the intake valves are adjustable entirely independently by electromagnetic drivers from the crankshaft position to control the amount of intake air supplied to the combustion chamber. The system and method provide a response adjustment to variable valve timing and throttle valve position controls of the intake valves for unthrottled intake air control.

Abstract: A system and method for unthrottled intake air control for an internal combustion engine. The engine has at least one combustion chamber provided with electromagnetic intake means. The opening and closing times of the intake means are adjustable entirely independently from the crankshaft position to control intake air supplied to the combustion chamber. A control unit is used to implement instructions for determining a first portion of requested intake airflow, which first portion requests a first engine response performance, and instructions for determining a second portion of requested intake airflow, which second portion requests a second engine response performance.

Abstract: A control unit controls both a motor actuated throttle valve and a magnetically actuated variable valve in accordance with an operation condition of an internal combustion engine. The control unit is configured to provide both a first control mode wherein an intake air control is carried out by controlling the open/close timing of the variable valve while keeping the throttle valve at a full-open or near full-open position and a second control mode wherein the intake air control is carried out by controlling the position of the throttle valve while reducing a controllable range of the open/close timing of the variable valve. The first and second control modes are selectively switched in accordance with the operation condition of the engine. The first and second control modes allow the engine to output the same engine torque under the same operation condition of the engine.

Abstract: In an intake-air quantity control apparatus for an internal combustion engine equipped with a variable valve timing system associated with at least an intake valve, a throttle valve located upstream of the intake valve, a throttle actuator variably adjusting a throttle opening of the throttle valve, sensors detecting engine operating conditions, an electronic control unit is connected electrically to the sensors, the variable valve timing system, and the throttle actuator, for automatically controlling an intake-air quantity of air entering the engine depending on the engine operating conditions. The control unit calculates a desired intake-air quantity based on the engine operating conditions, and calculates a threshold limit value that corresponds to a lower limit intake-air quantity above which valve timing control of the intake valve enables the intake-air quantity to be brought closer to the desired intake-air quantity.

Abstract: In a variable valve timing system for an internal combustion engine, a soft-landing revertive control that an electromagnetic brake is de-energized and then an angular position of a camshaft relative to a crankshaft returns to an initial position is performed by a combination of a feedback control and a feedforward control. During the revertive control, the feedback control is executed in such a manner as to temporarily halt the angular phase of the camshaft at a predetermined position, which is phase-changed by a predetermined phase angle from the initial position. After the feedback control, the operating mode is switched to a feedforward control, so as to return the angular phase of the camshaft from the predetermined position to the initial position by changing a controlled quantity or a control-signal duty cycle value for the electromagnetic brake with a predetermined time rate of change.