Abstract: A display device may include a display configured to emit light for displaying an image, a microlens array on the display and configured to collimate the image incident from the display so as to be delivered to the eyes of a user, the microlens array including a refractive index conversion layer in which a refractive index varies from region to region, and an optical path adjustment layer configured to collect light, emitted from the display and transmitted by the microlens array, and to space the display and the microlens array a preset distance apart from each other. Here, the refractive index conversion layer may include a polymer and liquid crystal molecules that interact with the polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of verifying a number of media in a media storage unit, the method including: while retrieving a medium from a media storage unit and moving the medium, recognizing, by a discriminating unit, a serial number of the medium; comparing the serial number of the medium recognized by the discriminating unit with a record of a database in which serial numbers of media stored in the media storage unit are recorded, and searching for whether there is a serial number that matches the recognized serial number of the medium; and when a result of the searching is that the matching serial number is found, deleting data of the medium corresponding to the matching serial number and data of an upper medium of the medium recorded on the database, and based on data of lower media that remain after the deleting, updating the record of the database regarding a number of the media stored in the corresponding media storage unit.

Abstract: A head mount display device, includes: a display panel; and an optical system positioned in front of the display panel. The display panel sequentially includes a light emitting element part, a third retarder, a reflective polarizer, and an absorptive polarizer, where the third retarder is positioned in front of the light emitting element part; and the optical system includes: a first curved lens, which is positioned to face the display panel, and includes a first retarder positioned on a first surface facing the display panel and a beam splitter positioned on a second surface thereof opposite to the first surface; and a second curved lens, which is positioned to face the beam splitter, and includes a second retarder positioned a first surface thereof facing the beam splitter and a second reflective polarizer positioned on a second surface thereof opposite to the first surface of the second curved lens.

Abstract: A method of supporting self-learning and a system for performing the method are disclosed. The method includes estimating an object of interest of a user in content based on user performance information inputted by the user in response to content situation information and the content being received from a learning module including the content, analyzing the content situation information, determining whether to generate support information for supporting the user to perform the content based on the estimated object of interest and the analyzed content situation information, and generating the support information that allows the user to self-learn the content according to whether to generate the support information, and outputting the support information to the learning module.

Abstract: Provided is a nonvolatile memory device. The nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell array, a first voltage generator configured to generate a word line operating voltage for each word line of the memory cell array, a second voltage generator configured to generate a bit line operating voltage of the memory cell array, and a temperature unit configured to determine, from a temperature range table, a temperature range for a temperature code according to a real-time temperature of the memory cell array, and to adjust a power supply voltage of the first or second voltage generator based on a selection signal mapped to the determined temperature range.

Abstract: An apparatuses for managing access to a file stored in a remote location includes detecting an attempt for a user terminal to access the file stored in the remote location, determining a location where the file attempted to be access is to be opened, in response to a determination that the location where the file is to be opened is remote, opening the file and providing a content of the opened file to the user terminal by a file management server and in response to a determination that the location where the file is to be opened is local, processing the file to be downloaded to the user terminal by the file management server.

Abstract: A display device and a method of fabricating a display device are provided. A display device includes a substrate. The wiring layer includes a conductive metal layer and a metal compound layer of the conductive metal layer, The metal compound layer surrounds the conductive metal layer.

Abstract: A display device according to an embodiment may include a base layer including a first surface and a second surface, a pixel circuit layer including a first line on the first surface, a display element layer on the pixel circuit layer and including a display element, a thin film encapsulation layer on the display element layer, a first protective layer on the thin film encapsulation layer, and a second line on the second surface to correspond to the first line. The first protective layer may include a transparent insulating material.

Abstract: A display device includes a display part including a plurality of pixels; a lens part disposed on the display part; and a plurality of optical devices overlapping an edge of the display part in a plan view and disposed at an edge of the lens part, wherein light from the outside of the display part is incident on the plurality of optical devices.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus has a cooking chamber, a microwave unit to radiate microwaves to the cooking chamber, a convection unit to supply hot air to the cooking chamber, a grill unit to supply radiant heat to the cooking chamber, an input unit to receive a cooking command and a control unit to perform a cooking corresponding to the received cooking command by performing one of a first heating stage and a second heating stage, and after performing the one of the first heating stage and the second heating stage, performing the other one of the first heating stage and the second heating stage. In the first heating stage, the control unit operates the microwave unit and at least one of the convection unit and the grill unit, and in the second heating stage, the control unit operates the grill unit and the convection unit while not operating the microwave unit.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate including a display area and a transmission area; a blocking layer disposed in the display area of the substrate and including a first blocking layer and a second blocking layer that is disposed on the first blocking layer; an insulating layer disposed on the blocking layer; a transistor disposed on the insulating layer; and a light emitting element connected to the transistor, wherein a first reflectivity of the first blocking layer is smaller than a second reflectivity of the second blocking layer, and a first absorption coefficient of the first blocking layer is smaller than a second absorption coefficient of the second blocking layer.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus has a cooking chamber, a microwave unit to radiate microwaves to the cooking chamber, a convection unit to supply hot air to the cooking chamber, a grill unit to supply radiant heat to the cooking chamber, an input unit to receive a cooking command and a control unit to perform a cooking corresponding to the received cooking command by performing one of a first heating stage and a second heating stage, and after performing the one of the first heating stage and the second heating stage, performing the other one of the first heating stage and the second heating stage. In the first heating stage, the control unit operates the microwave unit and at least one of the convection unit and the grill unit, and in the second heating stage, the control unit operates the grill unit and the convection unit while not operating the microwave unit.

Abstract: A display device includes conductive layers including wires and conductive patterns in a display area and a pad area, a via layer on the conductive layers, a first electrode and a second electrode on the via layer in the display area and spaced apart from each other, a first insulating layer on the first electrode and the second electrode, light emitting elements on the first electrode and the second electrode spaced apart from each other on the first insulating layer, and a first connection electrode on the first electrode and electrically contacting the light emitting elements, and a second connection electrode on the second electrode and electrically contacting the light emitting elements, each of the conductive layers includes a first metal layer and a second metal layer on the first metal layer, and the second metal layer contains copper and has a grain size of about 155 nm or less.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate; an anode electrode disposed on the substrate; a first anti-contact layer disposed on the anode electrode and including molybdenum trioxide (MoO3); a second anti-contact layer disposed on the first anti-contact layer and including molybdenum dioxide (MoO2); and a pixel-defining layer disposed on the second anti-contact layer, wherein the first anti-contact layer includes a first opening, wherein the second anti-contact layer includes a second opening, wherein the pixel-defining layer includes a third opening, and wherein the first opening, the second opening and the third opening overlap one another and expose the anode electrode.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device including an etching stop film which is placed disposed on a substrate; an interlayer insulating film which is disposed on the etching stop film; a trench which penetrates the interlayer insulating film and the etching stop film; a spacer which extends along side walls of the trench; a barrier film which extends along the spacer and a bottom surface of the trench; and a filling film which fills the trench on the barrier film. The trench includes a first trench and a second trench which are spaced apart from each other in a first direction and have different widths from each other in the first direction. A bottom surface of the second trench is placed disposed below a bottom surface of the first trench.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an etching stop film disposed on a substrate; an interlayer insulating film on the etching stop film; a first trench and a second trench which are spaced apart in a first direction, and penetrate the etching stop film and the interlayer insulating film, the first trench having a side wall that exposes the interlayer insulating film, and the second trench having a side wall that exposes the interlayer insulating film; a first spacer which covers the interlayer insulating film exposed by the side wall of the first trench and does not cover a portion of the side wall of the first trench; a second spacer which covers the interlayer insulating film exposed by the side wall of the second trench and does not cover a portion of the side wall of the second trench; a first barrier layer which extends along a side wall of the first spacer, the portion of the side wall of the first trench not covered by the first spacer, and a bottom surface of the first trench; a first filling film which

Abstract: An apparatuses for managing access to a file stored in a remote location includes detecting an attempt for a user terminal to access the file stored in the remote location, determining a location where the file attempted to be access is to be opened, in response to a determination that the location where the file is to be opened is remote, opening the file and providing a content of the opened file to the user terminal by a file management server and in response to a determination that the location where the file is to be opened is local, processing the file to be downloaded to the user terminal by the file management server.

Abstract: An in-line manufacturing apparatus includes a carrier that transports a substrate, a plurality of process chambers subjected to a manufacturing process on the substrate transported through the carrier, and a cooling part disposed adjacent to the carrier and movable with the carrier.

Abstract: A variable resistive memory device includes a memory cell, a first current-applying block, a second current-applying block and a mode setting circuit. The memory cell includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a memory layer, the memory layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first current-applying block is configured to flow a first current to the first electrode that flows from the first electrode to the second electrode. The second current-applying block is configured to flow a second current to the second electrode that flows from the second electrode to the first electrode. The mode setting circuit is configured to selectively provide any one of the first electrode of the first current-applying block and the second electrode of the second current-applying block with a first voltage. When the memory cell is selected, the selected current-applying block, among the first current-applying block and the second current-applying block, is driven.

Abstract: A virtual content providing device includes: a communication circuit capable of communicating with a wearable device worn by a user; and a processor functionally connected to the communication circuit. The processor is configured to: display virtual training content on the wearable device through the communication circuit; generate training situation information and user condition information associated with the virtual training content through the wearable device; determine a intervention time point for the virtual training content based on the training situation information and the user condition information; generate virtual intervention content associated with the intervention time point; and display the virtual intervention content in synchronization with the virtual training content through the wearable device.