Abstract: An image sensor may include a comparator including a first input terminal configured to receive a reset signal, a second input terminal configured to receive an image signal, a third input terminal configured to receive a ramp signal configured to ramp in one direction, and an output terminal. The comparator may further include a switch circuit including a plurality of switches. The comparator may be configured to compare the reset signal with the ramp signal and output a first comparison signal through the output terminal according to a first arrangement of the switches in a reset phase and the comparator may be configured to compare the image signal with the ramp signal and output a second comparison signal through the output terminal according to a second arrangement of the switches in an image phase.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods for producing uniformly sized lithium sulfide materials which are coated with one or more durable and conductive carbon shells that impede the polysulfide shuttle. The disclosure further provides for the carbon coated lithium sulfide materials made therefrom, and the use of these materials in lithium sulfide batteries.

Abstract: A device such as a filter or reflector includes a conductive layer including a periodic pattern of elements. The elements have shapes and sizes configured such that a transmittance or reflectance spectrum of the conductive layer has a drop at a long-wavelength end. The elements have a period configured such that the spectrum has a dip at a Plasmon mode resonant wavelength. The spectrum further includes a peal—between the dip and the drop.

Abstract: A long-life, high-rate lithium sulfur (Li/S) cell with high specific energy uniquely combines cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)-modified sulfur-graphene oxide (S-GO) nanocomposites with an elastomeric styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)/carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) binder and an ionic liquid-based novel electrolyte with the LiNO3 additive. A Li/S cell employing a CTAB-modified S-GO nanocomposite cathode can be discharged at rates as high as 6C (1C=1.675 A/g of sulfur) and charged at rates as high as 3C while still maintaining high specific capacity (˜800 mAh/g of sulfur at 6C), with a long cycle life exceeding 1500 cycles, the longest cycle life with extremely low decay rate (0.039% per cycle) demonstrated so far for a Li/S cell.

Abstract: An image sensor may include a comparator including a first input terminal configured to receive a reset signal, a second input terminal configured to receive an image signal, a third input terminal configured to receive a ramp signal configured to ramp in one direction, and an output terminal. The comparator may further include a switch circuit including a plurality of switches. The comparator may be configured to compare the reset signal with the ramp signal and output a first comparison signal through the output terminal according to a first arrangement of the switches in a reset phase and the comparator may be configured to compare the image signal with the ramp signal and output a second comparison signal through the output terminal according to a second arrangement of the switches in an image phase.

Abstract: Provided are a ramp signal calibration apparatus and method and image sensor including the apparatus. The apparatus includes: an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) including a trimmable transistor having a gain value that varies according to stored data , and configured to receive a ramp signal in a state where the gain value is a first gain value, and to output first and second output signals; a subtractor configured to calculate a difference between the first and second output signals; a digital comparator configured to compare the difference with a reference value and to determine whether a slope of the ramp signal has changed; and a counter configured to change the stored data based on whether the slope of the ramp signal has changed, wherein when the counter changes the data, the first gain value of the trimmable transistor is changed to a second gain value according to the changed data.

Abstract: The polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention includes a proton conductive cation exchange resin, a non-proton-conductive polymer, and an inorganic additive. The inorganic additive is adapted to inhibit a phase separation between the proton conductive cation exchange resin and the non-proton-conductive polymer.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present anhydrous fuel cell electrodes comprise an anhydrous catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer, wherein the anhydrous catalyst layer comprises at least one catalyst, about 5 mg/cm2 to about 100 mg/cm2 of phosphoric acid added as a catalyzing reagent during formation of the catalyst layer, and a binder comprising at least one triazole modified polymer, wherein the triazole modified polymer comprises a polysiloxane backbone and a triazole substituent.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell includes a polymer matrix comprising a cross-linked curable oligomer with nano-sized proton conductive polymer particles in the polymer matrix. The curable oligomer may include unsaturated functional groups at each end of a chain, and may further include 3 to 14 ethylene oxides. The proton conductive polymer nano particles may include fluorine-based proton conductive polymer nano particles, non-fluorine-based proton conductive polymer nano particles, hydrocarbon-based proton conductive polymer nano particles, and combinations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell and a fuel cell system comprising the same. The membrane-electrode assembly includes an anode and a cathode facing each other and a polymer electrolyte membrane positioned therebetween. The polymer electrolyte membrane adheres to the anode through a binder disposed between the polymer electrolyte membrane and the anode, and adheres to the cathode through a binder disposed between the polymer electrolyte membrane and the cathode. The binder and the polymer electrolyte membrane can include a cation exchange resin and an inorganic additive.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell and a fuel cell system comprising the same. The membrane-electrode assembly includes an anode and a cathode facing each other and a polymer electrolyte membrane positioned therebetween. The polymer electrolyte membrane adheres to the anode through a binder disposed between the polymer electrolyte membrane and the anode, and adheres to the cathode through a binder disposed between the polymer electrolyte membrane and the cathode. The binder and the polymer electrolyte membrane can include a cation exchange resin and an inorganic additive.

Abstract: A visible wavelength range proximity sensor includes a visible light emitter with a peak wavelength in a visible wavelength range, and a plasmonic ambient light sensor, where a proximity sensing mode and an ambient light sensing mode are time multiplexed.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell, a method of preparing the same, and a fuel cell system comprising the same. The polymer electrolyte membrane includes a metal-bound inorganic ion-conductive salt and an ion-conductive cation exchange resin.

Abstract: A device such as a filter or reflector includes a conductive layer including a periodic pattern of elements. The elements have shapes and sizes configured such that a transmittance or reflectance spectrum of the conductive layer has a drop at a long-wavelength end. The elements have a period configured such that the spectrum has a dip at a Plasmon mode resonant wavelength. The spectrum further includes a peal- between the dip and the drop.

Abstract: A membrane-electrode assembly includes a polymer electrolyte membrane with an anode and a cathode on opposite sides. Each of the anode and the cathode includes an electrode substrate, and a catalyst layer is formed on at least one of the electrode substrates and includes at least one proton conductive crosslinked polymer. The membrane-electrode assembly may include catalyst layers that are positioned on opposite sides of a polymer electrolyte membrane, either of which includes at least one crosslinked proton conductive polymer.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital conversion circuit includes a plurality of comparators and an averaging circuit. The averaging circuit is configured so that a length of a metal routing connected between output terminals of two comparators arranged on a leftmost side from among the plurality of comparators or a length of a metal routing connected between output terminals of two comparators arranged on a rightmost side from among the plurality of comparators is less than a length of a metal routing connected between output terminals of two comparators to which reference voltages having levels that are closest in magnitude are input.

Abstract: The membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell includes a polymer electrolyte membrane, and an anode and a cathode disposed on each side of the polymer electrolyte membrane and including a catalyst layer. The catalyst layer has a first catalyst layer that has a porosity of less than or equal to about 40% and is disposed to contact the polymer electrolyte membrane, and a second catalyst layer that has a porosity of more than or equal to about 50% and is disposed on the first catalyst layer.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present anhydrous fuel cell electrodes comprise an anhydrous catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer, wherein the anhydrous catalyst layer comprises at least one catalyst, about 5 mg/cm2 to about 100 mg/cm2 of phosphoric acid added as a catalyzing reagent during formation of the catalyst layer, and a binder comprising at least one triazole modified polymer, wherein the triazole modified polymer comprises a polysiloxane backbone and a triazole substituent.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter includes a first logic unit and a second logic unit. The first logic unit is configured to receive a plurality of thermometer codes and inverse thermometer codes generated based on an analog signal received by the analog-to-digital converter and to generate a plurality of first digital codes that periodically repeat the same pattern based on a transition position of a logic value in each of the thermometer codes and the inverse thermometer codes. The second logic unit is configured to receive the plurality of first digital codes and to generate a plurality of second digital codes based on logic values of a plurality of bits among all bits of each of the first digital codes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high temperature proton-conducting polymer membrane, a preparation method thereof, a membrane-electrode assembly using the same and a fuel cell containing the same. More particularly, it relates to a proton-conducting polymer membrane enabling fuel cell operation under high temperature and normal pressure condition, wherein sulfoalkyl or sulfoaryl groups are introduced between layers of metal phosphate and cation exchange groups are present in side chains, a preparation method thereof and a membrane-electrode assembly using the proton exchange membrane and a fuel cell containing the same.