Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for calibration and control of various engine subsystems using a target value approach. Under the target value approach, the control of each engine subsystem is separated or decoupled to include a set of target values, or a reference value set. A subsystem has a corresponding target determiner, which provides a target value set, or reference value set, in response to a basis variable set and optionally an overall subsystem target. The basis variable set includes parameters selected to robustly characterize the variables that affect the operation of the particular subsystem. The target determiner is optionally calibrated to provide a reference value set within specifications of the subsystem. A physical subsystem controller operates in response to the reference value set.

Abstract: A display device is disclosed, including: a display panel including a first substrate with a first side surface; a backlight module disposed opposite the display panel and including a light guide having a second side surface; and a first adhesive layer attached to the first side surface and the second side surface.

Abstract: Systems, methods and apparatus are disclosed for providing or maintaining a target surge margin at the compressor during steady state engine operating conditions and to avoid compressor surge during transients by controlling a compressor recirculation valve position to a commanded position. The estimated surge margin can be determined in response to the measured pressure ratio across the compressor, an estimated compressor flow, and a compressor map for the compressor.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a casing, a driven component, a magnetic component and an electromagnetic component. The casing has an outer surface, an inner surface, and an accommodating groove penetrating through the outer surface and the inner surface. The driven component is movably disposed in the accommodating groove. The magnetic component is connected to the driven component. The electromagnetic component is aligned with the magnetic component, and the magnetic component and the electromagnetic component are located at the same side of the inner surface. When the electromagnetic component isn't powered, the magnetic component and the electromagnetic component are attracted to each other, and the driven component is positioned at a first position. When the electromagnetic component is powered, the magnetic component and the electromagnetic component are repulsed to each other so as to drive the driven component to move from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: A system for harmonizing knock in a plurality of cylinders included in an engine, the system comprises a plurality of knock sensors, and a controller coupled to each of the plurality of knock sensors. The controller is configured to receive a plurality of cylinder knock values corresponding to each of the plurality of knock sensors, and receive an average knock value. The controller determines a cylinder spark timing offset value for each cylinder in the plurality of cylinders from the average knock value and the cylinder knock values. The controller determines an average spark timing offset value. The controller also determines an adjusted spark timing value for each of the plurality of cylinders by subtracting the average spark timing offset value from a spark timing value of each of the plurality of cylinders.

Abstract: Control of a spark ignited internal combustion in response to an exhaust manifold pressure measurement of an engine is disclosed. An engine out NOx amount for at least one cylinder is determined at least in part in response to the exhaust manifold pressure measurement and a brake mean effective pressure of the at least one cylinder. An operating condition of the engine is adjusted in response to the engine out NOx amount.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for calibration and control of various engine subsystems using a target value approach. Under the target value approach, the control of each engine subsystem is separated or decoupled to include a set of target values, or a reference value set. A subsystem has a corresponding target determiner, which provides a target value set, or reference value set, in response to a basis variable set and optionally an overall subsystem target. The basis variable set includes parameters selected to robustly characterize the variables that affect the operation of the particular subsystem. The target determiner is optionally calibrated to provide a reference value set within specifications of the subsystem. A physical subsystem controller operates in response to the reference value set.

Abstract: Control of a spark ignited internal combustion in response to an exhaust manifold pressure measurement of an engine is disclosed. An engine out NOx amount for at least one cylinder is determined at least in part in response to the exhaust manifold pressure measurement and a brake mean effective pressure of the at least one cylinder. An operating condition of the engine is adjusted in response to the engine out NOx amount.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include one or more semiconductor electrostatic discharge protection devices. At least one embodiment includes a semiconductor electrostatic discharge device with one or more fingers divided into two segments with alternating p-diffusion and n-diffusion regions, with each region being associated with at least one of a portion of a diode and/or silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR).

Abstract: A server apparatus is movably disposed on a rack. The server apparatus includes a base and a plurality of detachable carriers. The base has a baffle, and an accommodating space of the base is divided into several loading regions by the baffle. Each detachable carrier can include a substrate, a first supporter and a second supporter. The substrate has a first region and a second region adjacent to each other. The first supporter is detachably disposed on the first region. The second supporter is disposed adjacent to the first supporter and detachably disposed on the second region. The first supporter and the second supporter are utilized to support several electronic devices.

Abstract: A display device including a display panel having a top surface, a side surface, a light shielding component, and an optical film is provided. The side surface is adjacent to the top surface. The light shielding component has a first part and a second part. The first part is disposed on the top surface of the display panel. The second part is disposed on the side surface of the display panel. The optical film at least covers the border between the top surface of the display panel and the first part of the light shielding component. The width of the first part of the light shielding component is less than 1 mm.

Abstract: Systems, methods and apparatus are disclosed for producing a target compressor outlet pressure that is based on a desired pressure differential across an intake throttle of an internal combustion engine and an intake manifold pressure by opening or closing a compressor recirculation valve and a turbocharger wastegate to commanded positions based on the target compressor outlet pressure.

Abstract: A system for control of an internal combustion system having subsystems, each with different response times. Subsystems may include a fuel system, an air handling system, and an aftertreatment system, each being operated in response to a set of reference values generated by a respective target determiner. Calibration of each subsystem may be performed independently. The fuel system is controlled at a first time constant. The air handling system is controlled on the order of a second time constant slower than the first time constant. The aftertreatment system is controlled on the order of a third time constant slower than the second time constant. A subsystem manager is optionally in operative communication with each target determiner to coordinate control. Generally, dynamic parameters from slower subsystems are treated as static parameters when determining reference values for controlling a faster subsystem.

Abstract: A display device is disclosed, including: a display panel including a first substrate with a first side surface; a backlight module disposed opposite the display panel and including a light guide having a second side surface; and a first adhesive layer attached to the first side surface and the second side surface.

Abstract: A display device includes a first panel and a second panel disposed on the first panel. The first panel has a first working area and a plurality of pixel areas disposed in the first working area. The second panel has a second working area and a plurality of pixel areas disposed in the second working area. The second working area overlaps with the first working area, and the second working area is smaller than the first working area.

Abstract: A chassis includes a housing, a partition, a movable member and a tray. The housing includes a top plate and a bottom plate, and the top plate is opposite to the bottom plate. An accommodating space is located between the top plate and the bottom plate. The bottom plate has a through hole. The partition is disposed in the accommodating space. The movable member is connected to the partition. The movable member is configured to move between a first position and a second position. The tray includes a latch member. When the movable member is located at the first position and the tray is placed into the accommodating space, the movable member is embedded into the through hole and the latch member engages with the movable member. When the movable member is located at the second position, the movable member disengages from the through hole.

Abstract: A server apparatus is movably disposed on a rack. The server apparatus includes a base and a plurality of detachable carriers. The base has a baffle, and an accommodating space of the base is divided into several loading regions by the baffle. Each detachable carrier can include a substrate, a first supporter and a second supporter. The substrate has a first region and a second region adjacent to each other. The first supporter is detachably disposed on the first region. The second supporter is disposed adjacent to the first supporter and detachably disposed on the second region. The first supporter and the second supporter are utilized to support several electronic devices.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a casing, a driven component, a magnetic component and an electromagnetic component. The casing has an outer surface, an inner surface, and an accommodating groove penetrating through the outer surface and the inner surface. The driven component is movably disposed in the accommodating groove. The magnetic component is connected to the driven component. The electromagnetic component is aligned with the magnetic component, and the magnetic component and the electromagnetic component are located at the same side of the inner surface. When the electromagnetic component isn't powered, the magnetic component and the electromagnetic component are attracted to each other, and the driven component is positioned at a first position. When the electromagnetic component is powered, the magnetic component and the electromagnetic component are repulsed to each other so as to drive the driven component to move from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: A switch board for expanding PCIe compatibility comprises at least two PCIe slots with a first channel number, and a PCIe card with a second channel number, which is connected with the two PCIe slots via a channel conversion module, whereby the PCIe card simultaneously receives the bus signal transmitted from a processor of the switch board from the two PCIe slots.

Abstract: Presented herein is a device including an insulator layer disposed over a substrate. An adhesion layer is disposed over the insulator layer and includes a semiconductor oxide, the semiconductor oxide includes a compound of a semiconductor element and oxygen. A semiconductor film layer is over the adhesion layer, the semiconductor film layer being a material that includes the semiconductor element, the semiconductor film layer having a different composition than the adhesion layer. Bonds at an interface between the insulator layer and the adhesion layer comprise oxygen-hydrogen bonds and oxygen-semiconductor element bonds. An interface between a dummy gate and a gate dielectric layer of a gate-last transistor structure may be similarly formed.