Abstract: An attack prevention method includes: receiving an authentication request frame; and in response to receiving the authentication request frame, replying with an authentication response frame that is sent to a non-access-point (non-AP) station (STA), wherein the authentication request frame includes a timeout interval element that carries Authentication Comeback time. Another attack prevention method includes: ignoring each specific request frame that is received within a period in which a connected non-AP STA operates under a power saving mode, wherein each specific request frame includes one of an authentication request frame, an association request frame, and a reassociation request frame.

Abstract: A method for forming an electrode, the method including: applying an active layer on a transfer device configured to move the active layer onto a current collector, the active layer including at least one binder, at least one active material, and at least one solvent; heating the active layer to evaporate the at least one solvent and draw the at least one binder to an outer surface of the active layer; and after heating the active layer, applying the active layer to the current collector with the outer surface in contact with the current collector.

Abstract: A novel frequency tunable bi-directional phased array processing consisting of variable phase shifting and amplitude adjustment which employs a vector modulator and active combiner and splitter is proposed. Advantages of the proposed bi-directional a phased array processing includes the following 1) compact size; 2) high efficiency; 3) reduced passive trace loss and power consumption; 4) active current combining; 5) high input-output isolation; 6) high resolution and precise gain control and unequal combining or splitting; 7) phase-invariant amplifier design; 8) high accuracy and high-resolution phase shifter; 9) frequency tunability, within a small frequency range and/or a large frequency range; and 10) optimal unequal combining or splitting.

Abstract: A multidirectional optical element includes a substrate and a metalens. The metalens is disposed on the substrate and has a metastructure, wherein the metastructure includes a pattern of a diffractive optical element.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application relate to the field of chip technologies, and disclose a troubleshooting method and apparatus, to reliably report a hardware fault generated by a hardware unit of a chip. The method is applied to a chip, and the chip includes a hardware unit, a first processor, and a second processor. The method includes: The first processor receives a hardware fault reported by the hardware unit; and the second processor receives the hardware fault reported by the hardware unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for medical graphics edition includes a display device, an electronic calculator, and a medical graphics editor. The display device displays at least one medical image, and the medical graphics editor is executed by the electronic calculator. The medical graphics editor includes a shaping tool, which is used to shape a contour in the medical image. The shaping tool includes at least one shaping pattern and a shaping vector pattern. The shaping vector pattern is combined with the shaping pattern to form a pattern of the shaping tool. The shaping tool is to cause the contour, based on the shaping pattern, to have a shape change in a proportion in the direction indicated by the shaping vector pattern. In addition, the medical graphics editor further includes a scaling tool.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards a device including an interconnect structure over a substrate. A bond structure is over the interconnect structure. The bond structure includes a first plurality of conductive bond pads disposed in a first region and a second plurality of conductive bond pads disposed in a second region. The second region is adjacent to at least one side of the first region. A first pitch of the first plurality of conductive bond pads is less than a second pitch of the second plurality of conductive bond pads.

Abstract: An immersion liquid cooling heat sink includes a substrate, a fin assembly and a housing. The fin assembly is disposed on the substrate and includes a first fin module and a second fin module, both having multiple passages. Each passage has an inlet and an outlet, the first and second fin modules are spaced from each other to form a first groove which communicate between each inlet of the first fin module and each inlet of the second fin module. The housing is disposed on the substrate and has a first liquid inlet port, and covers the entire fin assembly and exposes each outlet. The first liquid inlet port is arranged corresponding to the first groove and communicates to the first groove, so as to enable a dielectric fluid to flow directly from the mid-section to two ends of the fin assembly.

Abstract: A semiconductor package and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The semiconductor package includes a substrate, a semiconductor die, a semiconductor frame structure, a semiconductor cover structure and conductive balls. The substrate has a ground plate embedded therein. The semiconductor die is disposed on the substrate and electrically connected with the substrate. The semiconductor frame structure is disposed on the substrate and surrounds the semiconductor die. The semiconductor frame structure includes conductive through semiconductor vias (TSVs) penetrating through the semiconductor frame structure, and at least one conductive TSV is electrically connected with the ground plate. The semiconductor cover structure is disposed on the semiconductor frame structure and on the semiconductor die. The semiconductor cover structure includes a conductive grid pattern and the conductive grid pattern contacts the conductive TSVs.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure includes a dielectric layer, a conductive pad embedded in the dielectric layer, a semiconductor substrate disposed on the dielectric layer and including a via opening with a notch in proximity to the dielectric layer, a through substrate via (TSV) disposed in the via opening of the semiconductor substrate and extending into the dielectric layer to land on the conductive pad, and a dielectric liner disposed in the via opening of the semiconductor substrate and filling the notch to laterally separate the TSV from the semiconductor substrate. A surface of the dielectric liner facing the TSV is substantially leveled with an inner sidewall of the dielectric layer facing the TSV.

Abstract: A meta optical device is provided. The meta optical device includes an array of meta structures. Each of the meta structures includes a plurality of stacked layers at least including a first layer with a first refractive index and a second layer with a second refractive index. The first refractive index and the second refractive index are different.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ionizable lipid compound, which can target spleen for delivery of biological macromolecules including nucleic acid drugs or nucleic acid vaccines with high efficiency. The present invention also relates to a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) comprising the ionizable lipid compound and an active molecule, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the lipid nanoparticle.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory attempts to read a data set from a plurality of non-volatile memory cells in multiple threshold voltages distributions and determines that the data set was not read successfully due to there being too many errors in the data read. In response to determining that the data set was not read successfully, the system identifies memory cells storing error bits that are in upper tails and lower tails of the threshold voltages distributions. To reduce the number of errors, memory cells storing error bits that are in upper tails have their threshold voltages reduced by bit level erase and memory cells storing error bits that are in lower tails their threshold voltages increased to move the memory cells closer to the center of their respective threshold voltages distributions by bit level program.

Abstract: A control method for a refrigerating and freezing device, and the refrigerating and freezing device are disclosed. The refrigerating and freezing device includes a storage compartment, a refrigeration compartment, and a refrigeration system at least partially arranged in the refrigeration compartment. The control method includes: controlling the refrigeration system to stop supplying cold to the storage compartment; and connecting the refrigeration compartment with the storage compartment, and controlling a fan of the refrigeration system to operate so as to promote air in the refrigeration compartment and the storage compartment to flow circularly. In the present invention, air in the storage compartment is utilized to carry out air defrosting on the refrigeration compartment, and then the defrosted high-humidity gas is led back to the storage compartment.

Abstract: Technology is disclosed herein for simultaneous lower tail program verify with upper tail verify. The memory system may apply a reference voltage to a word line following applying a program voltage to the word line. The memory system senses the first set of memory cells targeted for a first data state and the second set of memory cells targeted for a second data state. The memory system determines whether memory cells in the first set have a Vt greater than a maximum target Vt for the first data state based on the sensing of the first set of memory cells. The memory system also determines whether memory cells in the second set have a Vt less than a minimum target Vt for the second data state based on the sensing of the second set of memory cells.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a systems and methods for processing radar data. In one example embodiment, a first digitized radar signal of an environment is received from a first radar module and a second digitized radar signal of the environment is received from a second radar module. The first digitized radar signal and the second digitized radar signal are processed, via an electronic processor, to determine a set of correction parameters. A first corrected radar signal is determined by applying the set of correction parameters to the first digitized radar signal. A second corrected radar signal is determined by applying the set of correction parameters to the second digitized radar signal. The first and second corrected radar signals are combined into a combined radar signal. A scene representation of the environment is determined based on the combined radar signal. The scene representation is provided to an autonomous driving system.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a systems and methods for processing radar data. In one example embodiment, a first digitized radar signal of an environment is received from a first radar module and a second digitized radar signal of the environment is received from a second radar module. The first digitized radar signal and the second digitized radar signal are processed, via an electronic processor, to determine a set of correction parameters. A first corrected radar signal is determined by applying the set of correction parameters to the first digitized radar signal. A second corrected radar signal is determined by applying the set of correction parameters to the second digitized radar signal. The first and second corrected radar signals are combined into a combined radar signal. A scene representation of the environment is determined based on the combined radar signal. The scene representation is provided to an autonomous driving system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a user input unit comprising a housing configured to be attached to a base of a user input device, such as a keyboard. The input unit also has a first movable element coupled to the housing, the first movable element being movable along a first direction and user operable second movable element coupled to the housing, the second movable element being movable along a second direction, the second direction being different from the first direction. Further a transmission configured to transfer movement of the second movable element along the second direction into movement of the first movable element along the first direction is provided. The invention also relates to a user input device, such as a keyboard, comprising a base, such a user input unit, and a sensor configured to sense a movement or a position of the first movable element along the first direction.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure include cathode insulation coatings and coating overlap designs that leverage a porous deposition of cathode insulation coating material. An exemplary vehicle includes an electric motor and a battery pack electrically coupled to the electric motor. The battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells. Each battery cell includes a cathode current collector having a cathode tab, a cathode active material dispersed over the cathode current collector, and a cathode insulation coating. The cathode insulation coating is formed directly on a portion of the cathode active material and directly on a portion of the cathode tab. The cathode insulation coating includes a porous macrostructure that is patterned such that portions of the cathode active material underlying the cathode insulation coating are exposed, thereby providing a porous cathode insulation coating that protects against separator misalignment and slippage with a reduced loss in ion transport dynamics.

Abstract: A manufacturing system for an electrode of a battery cell includes a conveyor belt configured to receive a fiberized powder mixture including an active material, a conductive additive, and a binder. A powder dispensing stage is arranged adjacent to the conveyor belt and configured to dispense the fiberized powder mixture. A pre-forming stage is arranged adjacent to the conveyor belt and configured to receive the fiberized powder mixture dispensed by the powder dispensing stage and to press the fiberized powder mixture into a raw active material layer. N calendaring rollers configured to receive the raw active material layer from the conveyor belt and to calendar the raw active material layer to form an active material layer, where N is an integer greater than one. A pair of laminating rollers is configured to laminate the active material layer to a current collector to form an electrode.