Abstract: Provided is a simple and efficient method for producing (E)-2-isopropyl-5-methyl-2,4-hexadienyl acetate. More specifically, provided is a method for producing (E)-2-isopropyl-5-methyl-2,4-hexadienyl acetate including the steps of: isomerizing 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-4-hexenoic acid (1) into (E)-2-isopropyl-5-methyl-2,4-hexadienoic acid (2), reducing thus formed (E)-2-isopropyl-5-methyl-2,4-hexadienoic acid (2) into (E)-2-isopropyl-5-methyl-2,4-hexadienol (3), and acetylating thus formed (E)-2-isopropyl-5-methyl-2,4-hexadienol (3) into (E)-2-isopropyl-5-methyl-2,4-hexadienyl acetate (4), wherein Ac represents an acetyl group.

Abstract: A combustion chamber structure of a direct injection engine includes a cavity recessed in a center of a top of a piston into which fuel is injected from an injector disposed above the piston. The cavity includes a curved section on a lower part of a side wall of the cavity and which has a vertical cross-sectional shape defined by an arc protruding outward in a radial direction of the piston. The cavity also includes a bottom wall straight line section on a bottom wall. The cavity also includes a bottom wall transition curved section between the bottom wall straight line section and the curved section which has a vertical cross-sectional shape defined by a transition curve having a curvature radius continuously changing from a curvature radius of the arc to an infinite value.

Abstract: Provided are an insect pest-targeting gel composition causing neither leakage nor reaction of a volatile substance and capable of releasing the volatile substance at a constant rate; and a sustained release preparation including the insect pest-targeting gel composition. More specifically, provided is an insect pest-targeting gel composition including one or more volatile substances and an oil gelling agent, wherein the volatile substance is included in an amount of from 70.0 to 99.0% by weight by the insect pest-targeting gel composition.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a chlorohydrocarbon having conjugated double bonds by stereoselectively chlorinating an alcohol having conjugated double bonds. More specifically, provided is a method for producing a chlorohydrocarbon having conjugated double bonds, the method including a step of chlorinating an alcohol having conjugated double bonds with a chlorinating agent in a solvent in the presence of a base and in the absence of metal salt for chlorination of the alcohol, and the alcohol being represented by the formula (1): RCH?CHCH?CH—Z—OH??(1) wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic C1-17 monovalent hydrocarbon group which may have at least one double bond or at least one triple bond; and Z represents a linear, branched or cyclic C1-17 divalent hydrocarbon group which may have at least one double bond or at least one triple bond.

Abstract: Provided are (Z,Z,E)-1-chloro-6,10,12-pentadecatriene that can be synthesized without an oxidation reaction and a method for preparing (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatienal by using (Z,Z,E)-1-chloro-6,10,12-pentadecatriene while not using an oxidation reaction. More specifically, provided is a method for preparing (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal including a step of reacting a Grignard reagent into which (Z,Z,E)-1-chloro-6,10,12-pentadecatriene is converted with ethyl orthoformate to obtain (Z,Z,E)-1,1-diethoxy-7,11,13-hexadecatriene, and a step of treating the (Z,Z,E)-1,1-diethoxy-7,11,13-hexadecatriene with an acid to obtain (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal.

Abstract: Provided are (Z,Z,E)-1-chloro-6,10,12-pentadecatriene that can be synthesized without an oxidation reaction and a method for preparing (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal by using (Z,Z,E)-1-chloro-6,10,12-pentadecatriene while not using an oxidation reaction. More specifically, provided is a method for preparing (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal including a step of reacting a Grignard reagent into which (Z,Z,E)-1-chloro-6,10,12-pentadecatriene is converted with ethyl orthoformate to obtain (Z,Z,E)-1,1-diethoxy-7,11,13-hexadecatriene, and a step of treating the (Z,Z,E)-1,1-diethoxy-7,11,13-hexadecatriene with an acid to obtain (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal.

Abstract: A sustained release pheromone formulation is provided in which once it is secured to a branch or other support, the likelihood of falling off is significantly reduced, and which is capable of being quickly attached to a small or large branch. The sustained release pheromone formulation includes a first and second sheet parts which are provided by bending a single polymer sheet so that they are arranged in a face-to-face manner, the sheet parts each having an engaging hole therethrough; a bend part located between the sheet parts; at least one sex pheromone substance carried on at least a part of the sheet parts; and slits each extending from the bend part to the engaging hole in each one of the sheet parts. This formulation can be secured to the rod-shaped support by guiding the rod-shaped support to the engaging holes via the slits and engaging with the holes.

Abstract: Provided are 5-acetoxy-(E3)-3-pentenyl methoxymethyl ether which can be prepared in conventional reaction equipment and a method for preparing an (E3)-3-alkenyl acetate by using it. More specifically, 5-hydroxy-(E3)-3-pentenyl methoxymethyl ether obtained by reacting 4-formyl-(E3)-3-butenyl methoxymethyl ether with a reductant is reacted with an acetylating agent to prepare 5-acetoxy-(E3)-3-pentenyl methoxymethyl ether. (E3)-3-alkenyl methoxymethyl ether obtained by a coupling reaction between the 5-acetoxy-(E3)-3-pentenyl methoxymethyl ether and a Grignard reagent is treated with an acid, and then reacted with an acetylating agent to prepare the (E3)-3-alkenyl acetate.

Abstract: An engine system capable of immediately restarting an engine upon detecting a driver's reaccelerating operation while an engine speed is decreased by idle-stop control. The system includes an idle-stop control unit which performs the idle-stop control of stopping fuel injection to the engine when the engine idly rotates upon stopping the vehicle by connecting an electric assist turbocharger obtained by the combination of a turbocharger and a motor to an intake and exhaust system of the engine. The idle-stop control unit is configured to restart the engine by resuming the fuel injection to the engine while operating a motor upon detecting the reaccelerating operation during the idle-stop control.

Abstract: An engine system for ensuring a sufficient boost pressure during engine braking and improving a braking force of a compression release brake. The system includes: a compression release brake device that operates a compression release brake to obtain a braking force during engine braking by forcibly opening an exhaust valve and releasing a compressive pressure near a compression top dead center of an engine; a power-assisted turbocharger including a turbine disposed on an exhaust passage of the engine and driven by exhaust, a compressor disposed on an intake passage and driven by a rotational torque of the turbine, and an electric motor that assists a drive force of the compressor; and an electric motor control unit that drives the electric motor when the compressor release brake is operated.

Abstract: A turbocharger system for achieving both improvement of fuel efficiency by engine downsizing and excellent shock loading resistance. The system includes: a power-assisted turbocharger mounted on a vehicle having an accessory and including a turbine disposed on an exhaust passage of an engine and driven by exhaust, a compressor disposed on an intake passage and driven by a rotational torque of the turbine, and an electric motor that assists a drive force of the compressor; and an electric motor control unit that drives the electric motor when the accessory is being driven.

Abstract: A turbocharger system for simultaneously improving a fuel efficiency and obtaining a satisfactory hill start performance due to a downsized engine. The system includes an electric assist turbocharger which includes a turbine disposed in an exhaust passage of an engine and driven by exhaust gas, a compressor disposed in an intake passage and driven by a rotational torque of the turbine, and an electric motor assisting a driving force of the compressor and an electric motor control unit which drives the electric motor when detecting a start operation at a sloping road.

Abstract: A turbocharger system includes: a high-pressure stage turbocharger including a high-pressure stage turbine disposed on an exhaust passage and driven by exhaust, and a high-pressure stage compressor disposed on an intake passage and driven by a rotational torque of the high-pressure stage turbine; and a low-pressure stage turbocharger including a low-pressure stage turbine disposed on the exhaust passage of a more downstream side than the high-pressure stage turbine and driven by exhaust, and a low-pressure stage compressor disposed on the intake passage of a more upstream side than the high-pressure stage compressor and driven by a rotational torque of the low-pressure stage turbine, wherein the high-pressure stage turbocharger includes an electric motor that assists a drive force of the high-pressure stage compressor.

Abstract: A turbocharger system for ensuring a sufficient exhaust gas recirculation (“EGR”) amount in all operating conditions, and reducing NOx emission from an engine. The system includes an EGR controller that re-circulates a part of exhaust gas discharged from the engine to an intake side. The turbocharger is a power-assisted turbocharger including an electric motor that assists a drive force of a compressor. The EGR controller controls an amount of exhaust gas recirculated to the intake side so as to inhibit the generation of NOx regardless of an amount of oxygen necessary for combustion of the engine. An electric motor control unit drives the electric motor, by the control of the EGR controller, when the amount of oxygen necessary for the combustion of the engine is deficient.

Abstract: As a result of extensive studies on NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitors, the present inventors found that a quinolone derivative having, at the 2-position, an alkyl group substituted with a heteroatom or the like has an excellent NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitory activity, and accomplished the present invention. The compound of the present invention has a reactive oxygen species production inhibitory activity based on the NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitory activity, and therefore can be used as an agent for preventing and/or treating diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, diabetic complications and the like.

Abstract: Targeting an insect pest having a carboxylic acid compound as a pheromone substance, provided is a sustained release pheromone preparation enabling a high amount of pheromone to be released during the control period. More specifically, provided is a sustained release pheromone preparation, comprising: a carboxylic acid compound to be released, and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer membrane through which the carboxylic acid compound can permeate, wherein the preparation is targeted for an insect pest having the carboxylic acid compound as a pheromone substance.

Abstract: Provided is an attractant of white peach scale capable of simplifying the synthesis of a sex pheromone of white peach scale and suppressing attraction of a parasitoid wasp which is a natural enemy of the white peach scale. More specifically, provided is a sex attractant of white peach scale comprising at least (R,Z)-(+)-3,9-dimethyl-6-isopropenyl-3,9-decadienyl priopionate and a geometric isomer (R,E)-(+)-3,9-dimethyl-6-isopropenyl-3,9-decadienyl priopionate at a weight ratio ranging from 80:20 to 40:60. In addition, provided is a method for attracting white peach scale by using said attractant.

Abstract: As a result of extensive studies on NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitors, the present inventors found that a quinolone derivative having, at the 2-position, an alkyl group substituted with a heteroatom or the like has an excellent NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitory activity, and accomplished the present invention. The compound of the present invention has a reactive oxygen species production inhibitory activity based on the NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitory activity, and therefore can be used as an agent for preventing and/or treating diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, diabetic complications and the like.