Abstract: Among end portions of a plurality of organic compound layers patterned by photolithography, an end portion in an area that is not located between luminescent elements and that is located in an area covered with a second electrode is formed to have a smaller inclination angle than that of an end portion located between the luminescent elements.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion apparatus includes: a first interlayer insulation film disposed on a semiconductor substrate; a first plug disposed in a first hole in the first interlayer insulation film, and serving to electrically connect between a plurality of active regions disposed in the semiconductor substrate, between gate electrodes of a plurality of MOS transistors, or between the active region and the gate electrode of the MOS transistor, not through the wiring of the wiring layer; and a second plug disposed in a second hole in the first interlayer insulation film, the second plug being electrically connected to the active region, wherein a wiring arranged over the second plug and closest to the second plug is electrically connected to the second plug, and the wiring electrically connected to the second plug forms a portion of dual damascene structure. By such a structure, incidence efficiency of light onto a photoelectric conversion element can be improved.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing an organic electroluminescence display device including an organic electroluminescence element, which has element characteristics comparable to those in the case of a vacuum in-situ process, while utilizing a patterning approach based on photolithography. The method of manufacturing an organic electroluminescence display device includes: an organic compound layer-forming step of forming an organic compound layer at least on a first electrode; a release layer-forming step of forming a release layer on the organic compound layer; a release layer-processing step of processing the release layer; and an organic compound layer-processing step of removing the organic compound layer in a region not covered with the release layer processed in the release layer-processing step, and at least the lowermost layer out of the release layer is a deposited film formed of a material soluble in a polar solvent.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an organic EL display device is provided in which an organic compound layer is formed by vapor deposition after a layer used for patterning the organic compound layer has been formed, so that the organic compound layer is formed without being affected by the surface tension of the sides of the layer for the patterning.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing an organic electroluminescence display device including: an organic compound layer-forming step of forming an organic compound layer on a first electrode; a release layer-forming step of forming a release layer on the organic compound layer; a first processing step for the release layer of patterning the release layer; an organic compound layer-processing step of removing the organic compound layer in a region not covered with the release layer processed in the first processing step for the release layer; and a second processing step for the release layer of removing a part of the release layer, in which the release layer is a deposited film formed of a charge-transportable organic compound and is dissolved by a solvent containing an organic solvent miscible with water.

Abstract: Provided is a thin film patterning method for patterning a thin film made of one of inorganic, organic, and organic/inorganic materials provided on a first substrate including: forming and patterning a thin film made of a material A on the first substrate; forming a thin film made of a material B, which is one of inorganic, organic, and organic/inorganic materials, on the first substrate and on the thin film; bonding the thin film, which is formed on the thin film, to a second substrate, thereby laminating the first substrate and the second substrate together to produce a laminated substrate; and removing the thin film and the thin film, which is provided on the thin film, from the first substrate.

Abstract: To solve a problem that, in a method of manufacturing an organic light emitting device using a step of releasing a layer formed on a release layer by dissolving the release layer, released film flakes are not dissolved in a removing liquid for dissolving the release layer, and thus may drift in the removing liquid and may adhere to a surface of a substrate after patterning to cause defective patterning, provided is a method of manufacturing an organic light emitting device, including forming the release layer continuously over multiple light emitting portions to cause the size of the released film flakes to be large. This may reduce the possibility that the released film flakes adhere to the surface of the substrate and may facilitate, even when the released film flakes once adhere to the surface of the substrate, removal of the released film flakes later, thereby suppressing defective patterning.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic electroluminescence device includes forming a first organic electroluminescence layer at least on a first lower electrode, forming a first protective layer on the first organic electroluminescence layer, processing the first organic electroluminescence layer and the first protective layer, forming a second organic electroluminescence layer at least on a second lower electrode, forming a second protective layer on the second organic electroluminescence layer, and processing the second organic electroluminescence layer and the second protective layer.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing an organic light emitting device, which enables each of multiple organic light emitting elements included in the apparatus to emit uniform light. The method of manufacturing an organic light emitting device including multiple auxiliary electrodes in a display region, for electrically connecting an electrode and a circuit, includes the steps of: forming a protective member covering corresponding one of the multiple auxiliary electrodes; forming an organic compound layer; removing the protective member; and forming a second electrode to be electrically connected to the corresponding one of the multiple auxiliary electrodes. The removing of the protective member is carried out by immersing the substrate into a solvent capable of selectively dissolving a constituent material of the protective layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic electroluminescence display device includes an organic compound layer which is placed between a pair of electrodes and includes at least an emission layer, the organic compound layer being two-dimensionally arranged, includes forming the organic compound layer which is insoluble in water in an entire emission region on a substrate, providing a mask layer containing a water-soluble material in at least a part of a region on the organic compound layer, removing a part of the organic compound layer which is provided in a region which is other than the region in which the mask layer is provided, removing the mask layer, and forming, after the removing of the mask layer, a layer containing at least an alkali metal or an alkaline-earth metal in a region including at least the emission region.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing an organic electroluminescence display device including an emission region, the emission region including multiple organic compound layers arranged therein, each of the organic compound layers being provided between a pair of electrodes and including at least an emission layer, the method including: forming in the entire emission region an organic compound layer which is insoluble in water; forming on the organic compound layer a mask layer containing a water-soluble material in a predetermined pattern; removing a part of the organic compound layer which is formed in a region which is not covered with the mask layer; removing the mask layer; drying the organic compound layer; and forming a common layer on the organic compound layers, in which the steps from the drying of the organic compound layer to the forming of a common layer are carried out in a vacuum.

Abstract: Provided is a manufacturing method for an organic electroluminescence display apparatus in which processing uniformity is kept during partial removal processing of an electrode layer or an organic compound layer. The organic electroluminescence display apparatus includes: a substrate; and a light-emitting device including an organic compound layer including an emission layer sandwiched between electrodes formed on the substrate, in which: two or more of the light-emitting devices are provided, and the light-emitting devices are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the substrate; at least one of the electrodes and the organic compound layers in the two or more light-emitting devices includes openings; and the openings are positioned so as not to overlap with one another in the direction perpendicular to the substrate.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence display device includes a plurality of pixels and an array of lenses arranged thereupon. Each pixel includes a light emitting region provided with a lens and a light emitting region provided without a lens. The light emitting regions of each pixel includes an organic electroluminescence material. The lenses are arranged in a staggered pattern.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a photomask used to form a lens. The method includes the steps of generating mask pattern data for each of a plurality of grid cells constituting a mask pattern for the lens, and fabricating the photomask based on the mask pattern data. The step of generating the mask pattern data includes acquiring data which represents a transmitted light distribution required for the photomask to fabricate the lens, in which the transmitted light distribution includes a quantity of transmitted light in each of the plurality of grid cells, and determining whether to place a shield on each of the plurality of grid cells by binarizing the quantity of transmitted light in each of the plurality of grid cells in order of increasing or decreasing distance from a center of the mask pattern using an error diffusion method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a separation system and a separation material for easily and rapidly separating a red blood cell-rich fraction, a white blood cell-rich fraction, and/or a platelet-rich fraction from a biological fluid containing these blood cell components without the necessity of performing centrifugation. The separation of a red blood cell-rich fraction, a white blood cell-rich fraction, and/or a platelet-rich fraction from a biological fluid can be accomplished by capturing white blood cells and platelets on a blood cell separation material by contacting the biological fluid with the blood cell separation material, thereby providing a red blood cell-rich fraction; and recovering a white blood cell-rich fraction by separating white blood cells captured from the resulting blood cell separation material using a separation solution.

Abstract: Provided is an organic EL display apparatus in which, depending on a situation in which a user uses the organic EL display apparatus, “display with high light use efficiency and high front luminance (luminous efficiency)” or “display with large view angle” is selectable. Pixels each include subpixels having different optical characteristics from each other, and the pixels and the subpixels are respectively arranged in a staggered pattern. Further, the subpixels are independently controlled.

Abstract: An organic EL displaying apparatus which suppresses a defective display caused by a leak current at a time when an emission period controlling transistor is off is provided. The organic EL displaying apparatus comprises a plurality of pixels each of which includes an organic EL element, a power supply line, a driving transistor and the emission period controlling transistor, a data line, and a control line. In this apparatus, in a certain one of the pixels, a resistance Roff—ILM between source and drain electrodes of the emission period controlling transistor in an off state of the emission period controlling transistor, and a resistance Rbk—Dr between source and drain electrodes of the driving transistor in a state that a minimum gradation displaying data voltage has been applied to a gate electrode of the driving transistor satisfy Roff—ILM?Rbk—Dr.

Abstract: A dimming method of an organic EL displaying apparatus having a displaying unit constructed by combining pixels each having a substrate, an organic EL element formed over the substrate, a power supply line for supplying a power source to the organic EL element, and at least one TFT provided on a wiring path from the power supply line to the organic EL element. The TFT has a semiconductor layer which is arranged between a source electrode and a drain electrode and is electrically connected to the source electrode and the drain electrode. A laser beam is irradiated from a downward direction of the substrate to a region which does not overlap a gate electrode, the source electrode, the drain electrode, and the wiring layer when seen as a plan view in a plane region where the semiconductor layer is provided.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a plurality of pixels each including first and second organic EL elements whose emitting periods are controlled by respective emitting-period control TFTs. The second organic EL element has a front luminance lower than that of the first organic EL element. An electric charge charged in a storage capacitor as a gradation display signal in a previous frame is erased through an erasing TFT and the second organic EL element.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence display device includes a plurality of pixels each of which includes at least one organic electroluminescence device and a lens. Each pixel includes a light emitting region provided with a lens and a light emitting region provided with no lens. An area of the light emitting region provided with a lens is smaller than an area of the light emitting region provided without a lens.