Abstract: A method of forming memory cell having buried diffusion oxide is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of providing a substrate having a tunnel oxide layer and a first conductive layer thereon, forming trenches into said tunnel oxide layer and said first conductive layer to expose said substrate, filling said trenches with a dielectric material to a predetermined thickness, removing a portion of said first conductive layer to form a surface lower than said predetermined thickness; and forming a second conductive layer over said dielectric material and said first conductive layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing dielectric layers between metal parts by forming fluorine silicate glass by high density plasma deposition using radio frequency power of low bias voltage. The method includes filling in a gap with fluorine silicate glass by high density plasma deposition with slower rate of deposition and radio frequency power of high bias voltage, and then using fluorine silicate glass deposited with fast rate of deposition and radio frequency power of no or low bias voltage as a sacrificial layer, and being made plane by a chemical-mechanic polishing CMP.

Abstract: The present invention provides an infrared spectroscopic method of removing a first layer from a semiconductor wafer without overpolishing the underlying second layer. The first layer and the second layer of the semiconductor wafer is subjected to infrared (IR) spectroscopy and an absorbance curve is produced, whereby each layer absorbs IR light at different wavenumbers to produce different absorbance peaks. Once the CMP process is performed, a change in the IR absorptivity and thus the absorbance peak of each layer is detected. The endpoint of the CMP process is determined at a point when significant change in the IR absorptivity of the first layer is no longer detected and change in the IR absorptivity of the second layer occurs.

Abstract: This invention is directed towards a porous composite having an inlet face and an exit face and further comprises intermingled meltblown fibers and staple fibers which define a density gradient from coarse pores at the inlet face to fine pores at the exit face.

Abstract: A web or film is electrostatically charged by sequentially subjecting the web or film to a series of electric fields such that adjacent electric fields have substantially opposite polarities. Both a method and apparatus are disclosed for charging the web or film.

Abstract: A staple fiber web is disclosed which contains pleats having staple fibers which are commingled with staple fibers from adjoining pleats. The commingling permits denser packing of pleats on the web and increases filtering efficiency and stability of the web. Methods of manufacturing the pleated staple fiber web are disclosed.

Abstract: A web or film is electrostatically charged by sequentially subjecting the web or film to a series of electric fields such that adjacent electric fields have substantially opposite polarities. Both a method and apparatus are disclosed for charging the web or film.

Abstract: A web or film is electrostatically charged by sequentially subjecting the web or film to a series of electric fields such that adjacent electric fields have substantially opposite polarities. Both a method and apparatus are disclosed for charging the web or film.

Abstract: A manually-operated wheelchair is disclosed, which includesa frame to which two front wheels and two rear wheels are fastened pivotally, wherein the frame is provided respectively on both left and right sides thereof with a horizontal fixation rod; anda connection rod control mechanism provided respectively on both left and right sides of the frame containing a coupling rod, an operating rod fastened at one end thereof with the coupling rod, a crank fastened pivotally at one end thereof with the coupling rod and at another end thereof with the horizontal fixation rod, a rocking rod fastened pivotally at one end thereof with the coupling rod and at another end thereof with the horizontal fixation rod, a transmission wheel which is mounted on a pivoting point of the fixation rod and the crank and is fastened securely with the crank such that the transmission wheel and the crank can be actuated synchronously, and a transmission chain-connecting the transmission wheel to an axle of the front wheel for transmittin