Abstract: A method of forming a component includes providing a work-piece blank from a formable material. The method also includes engaging the work-piece blank with a transfer device. The method additionally includes austenitizing the work-piece blank in the transfer device via heating the blank to achieve austenite microstructure therein. The method also includes transferring the austenitized blank to a forming press using the transfer device. The method additionally includes forming the component via the forming press from the austenitized blank and quenching the formed component. A work-piece blank transfer system includes a transfer device having clamping arm(s) for engaging, holding, transferring, and releasing the work-piece blank. The transfer device also includes a heating element configured to austenitize the work-piece blank via heating the blank to achieve austenite microstructure therein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a heat dissipation conductive flexible board, which is assembled from: at least a single layer thin board, the structure of which includes a first conductive thin layer and a first functional thin layer, and at least a double layer thin board, the structure of which includes a second conductive thin layer, a second functional thin layer, and a third functional thin layer. A spraying, coating, or printing method is used to manufacture the single layer thin board and the double layer thin board; after which the single layer thin board and the double layer thin board are laminated together to form the heat dissipation conductive flexible board having a multi-layer conductive structure.

Abstract: An analysis method of absolute energy efficiency and relative energy efficiency of the compressed air system. For the compressed air system operating in a form of a single compressor, a gas flow rate and a corresponding operating power of the compressor operating in the single compressor model are measured under a specified flow rate. Meanwhile, influencing factors of the compressor operation are monitored. The absolute energy efficiency of the compressor is defined, and a curve of the absolute energy efficiency of the compressor varying with the operating time versus the above factors are plotted in a same coordinate system. Obtaining absolute energy efficiency data of the compressor in a corresponding state. By analyzing the absolute energy efficiency under corresponding conditions and based on the corresponding chart, the actual unit consumption of a given single compressor and its changing rule under different production and environmental operating conditions can be intuitively analyzed.

Abstract: A single-beam photothermal measurement apparatus and a measurement method for absorptive defects. The apparatus comprises a common-path-type structure and a non-common-path-type structure. The present invention is simple in optical structure and convenient to align and adjustment. The measurement result is stable, and measurement signal anomalies caused by environmental vibration and sample tilt are avoided. By detecting a power change on the edge of a beam spot, the measurement sensitivity of a system is remarkably improved.

Abstract: A method for fabricating memory device includes: providing a substrate having a bottom electrode layer therein, forming a buffer layer and a mask layer on the buffer layer over the substrate, in contact with the bottom electrode layer, performing an advanced oxidation process on a sidewall of the buffer layer to form a resistive layer, which surrounds the whole sidewall of the buffer layer and extends upward vertically from the substrate, and forming, over the substrate, a noble metal layer and a top electrode layer on the noble metal layer, fully covering the resistive layer and the mask layer.

Abstract: A steel alloy workpiece and a method for making a press-hardened steel (PHS) component using the steel alloy workpiece is provided. The steel alloy workpiece includes between about 1.0 and 5.0 weight percent chromium, between about 0.5 and 2.0 weight percent silicon, and a surface having a predetermined imprinted pattern. The imprinted pattern includes one of a plurality of overlapping nested sinusoidal waves and a honey-comb pattern, and ascribes a surface roughness of between about 1.0 microns and 2.5 microns. The method includes providing the steel alloy workpiece, heating the workpieces at a predetermined time and temperature, hot stamping the workpieces into the PHS component, quenching the PHS component at a predetermined quench rate, and e-coating the PHS component. The e-coating is applied directly onto the surface of the PHS component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a structure of a memory device. The structure of a memory device includes a substrate, including a bottom electrode layer formed therein. A buffer layer is disposed on the substrate, in contact with the bottom electrode layer. A resistive layer surrounds a whole sidewall of the buffer layer, and extends upward vertically from the substrate. A mask layer is disposed on the buffer layer and the resistive layer. A noble metal layer is over the substrate, and fully covers the resistive layer and the mask layer. A top electrode layer is disposed on the noble metal layer.

Abstract: An analysis method of absolute energy efficiency and relative energy efficiency of the compressed air system. For the compressed air system operating in a form of a single compressor, a gas flow rate and a corresponding operating power of the compressor operating in the single compressor model are measured under a specified flow rate. Meanwhile, influencing factors of the compressor operation are monitored. The absolute energy efficiency of the compressor is defined, and a curve of the absolute energy efficiency of the compressor varying with the operating time versus the above factors are plotted in a same coordinate system. Obtaining absolute energy efficiency data of the compressor in a corresponding state. By analyzing the absolute energy efficiency under corresponding conditions and based on the corresponding chart, the actual unit consumption of a given single compressor and its changing rule under different production and environmental operating conditions can be intuitively analyzed.

Abstract: A surface defect measuring apparatus and method by microscopic scattering polarization imaging is provided. The apparatus mainly comprises a laser, a first converging lens, a rotary diffuser, a second converging lens, a diaphragm, a third converging lens, a pinhole, a fourth converging lens, a polarizer, a half-wave plate, a polarizing beam splitter, an X-Y translation stage, a sample, a microscope lens, a quarter-wave plate, a micro-polarizer array, a camera and a computer. The micro-polarizer array is adopted to realize real-time microscopic scattering polarization imaging of the surface defects; a polarization-degree image is calculated to improve the sensitivity for detecting the surface defects of the ultra-smooth element, and the effective detection of the surface defects of a high-reflective coating element is also realized, and the requirement for rapid detection of the surface defects of a meter-scale large-aperture ultra-smooth element can be met.

Abstract: An electrode includes an electrode composition having carbon nanotubes; carbon black particles having a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area greater than 90 m2/g, and an oil adsorption number (OAN) greater than 150 mL/100 g, wherein the ratio of the carbon nanotubes to the carbon black particles ranges from 3:1 to 0.25:1 by weight; and an electroactive material selected from lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide or lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide; and a current collector contacting the electrode composition. The total concentration of the carbon nanotubes and the carbon black particles is equal to or less than 3 wt % of the electrode composition.

Abstract: A method of forming a shaped steel object is provided. The method includes cutting a blank from an alloy composition including 0.05-0.5 wt. % carbon, 4-12 wt. % manganese, 1-8 wt. % aluminum, 0-0.4 wt. % vanadium, and a remainder balance of iron. The method also includes heating the blank until the blank is austenitized to form a heated blank, transferring the heated blank to a press, forming the heating blank into a predetermined shape to form a stamped object, and decreasing the temperature of the stamped object to a temperature between a martensite start (Ms) temperature of the alloy composition and a martensite final (Mf) temperature of the alloy composition to form a shaped steel object comprising martensite and retained austenite.

Abstract: The techniques discussed herein allow an agent that provides dialog-based services to converse with a user via any mode. A central service programmed to be able to communicate via any mode collects information from agents necessary to act on the agents' behalf. In order to ensure that an agent has a maximal presence across modes, the central service provides auxiliary services such as language translation, fidelity upgrading and/or downgrading, modal constraint conformation, etc. Moreover, the central service provides session tracking via user profiles stored at the intercom so that if a user changes a mode by which the user is conversing with an agent, the central service can keep the context of the conversation across the new mode. Furthermore, agents can communicate with other agents via the central service, allowing other agents to provide services to agents or to add their services to an ongoing dialog with a user.

Abstract: A steel composition is provided. The steel composition includes 0.1-0.45 wt. % carbon (C), greater than 0-4.5 wt. % manganese (Mn), 0.5-5 wt. % chromium (Cr), 0.5-2.5 wt. % silicon (Si), greater than 0-2 wt. % copper (Cu), and a balance of iron (Fe). The combined concentration of the Mn, Cr, and Cu is greater than about 2 wt. %. The steel composition is configured to form a surface oxide layer comprising oxides of Cr, Si, and Cu after being subjected to press hardening. Press-hardened steel fabricated from the steel composition and a method of fabricating a press-hardened steel component from the steel composition are also provided.

Abstract: A method of forming a shaped steel object, includes cutting a blank from an alloy composition. The alloy composition includes 0.1-1 wt. % carbon, 0.1-3 wt. % manganese, 0.1-3 wt. % silicon, 1-10 wt. % aluminum, and a balance being iron. The method also includes heating the blank to a temperature above a temperature at which austenite begins to form to generate a heated blank, transferring the heated blank to a die, forming the heated blank into a predetermined shape defined by the die to generate a shaped steel object, and decreasing the temperature of the shaped steel object to ambient temperature. The heating is performed under an atmosphere comprising at least one of an inert gas, a carbon (C)-based gas, and nitrogen (N2) gas.

Abstract: A press-hardened steel component after hot forming including an alloy composition including carbon at a concentration of greater than or about 0.01 wt. % to less than or about 0.2 wt. %, chromium at a concentration of greater than or about 0.5 wt. % to less than or about 6 wt. %, manganese at a concentration of greater than or about 0.5 wt. % to less than or about 4.5 wt. %, silicon at a concentration of greater than or about 0.5 wt. % to less than or about 2.5 wt. %, and a balance of the alloy composition being iron, wherein the press-hardened steel component includes greater than or 90 volume % martensite and bainite, has an ultimate tensile strength of greater than or about 800 megapascals to less than or about 1,200 megapascals and a VDA 238-100 bending angle of greater than or about 60° to less than or about 80°.

Abstract: A press-hardened steel assembly after hot stamping/hot forming including a core layer having a tensile strength of ?about 1,800 megapascals to ?about 2,200 megapascals and ?about 90 volume % martensite, the core layer having a first thickness ?about 40% to ?about 96% of the thickness of the press-hardened steel assembly; and a first surface layer along a first surface of the core, the first surface layer having a tensile strength of ?about 800 megapascals to ?about 1,200 megapascals and ?about 90 volume % martensite and bainite. The press-hardened steel assembly has a tensile strength of ?about 1,600 megapascals to ?about 2,000 megapascals and a VDA 238-100 bending angle of ?about 50° to ?about 80°.

Abstract: An alloy composition is provided. The alloy composition includes chromium (Cr) at a concentration of greater than or equal to about 0.5 wt. % to less than or equal to about 9 wt. %, carbon (C) at a concentration of greater than or equal to about 0.15 wt. % to less than or equal to about 0.5 wt. %, manganese (Mn) at a concentration of greater than or equal to about 0 wt. % to less than or equal to about 3 wt. %, silicon (Si) at a concentration of greater than or equal to about 0.5 wt. % to less than or equal to about 2 wt. %, and a balance of the alloy composition being iron. Methods of making shaped steel objects from the alloy composition are also provided.

Abstract: Computer systems and methods incorporate user annotations (metadata) regarding various pages or sites, including annotations by a querying user and by members of a trust network defined for the querying user into search and browsing of a corpus such as the World Wide Web. A trust network is defined for each user, and annotations by any member of a first user's trust network are made visible to the first user during search and/or browsing of the corpus. Users can also limit searches to content annotated by members of their trust networks or by members of a community selected by the user.

Abstract: A surface defect measuring apparatus and method by microscopic scattering polarization imaging is provided. The apparatus mainly comprises a laser, a first converging lens, a rotary diffuser, a second converging lens, a diaphragm, a third converging lens, a pinhole, a fourth converging lens, a polarizer, a half-wave plate, a polarizing beam splitter, an X-Y translation stage, a sample, a microscope lens, a quarter-wave plate, a micro-polarizer array, a camera and a computer. The micro-polarizer array is adopted to realize real-time microscopic scattering polarization imaging of the surface defects; a polarization-degree image is calculated to improve the sensitivity for detecting the surface defects of the ultra-smooth element, and the effective detection of the surface defects of a high-reflective coating element is also realized, and the requirement for rapid detection of the surface defects of a meter-scale large-aperture ultra-smooth element can be met.

Abstract: A press-hardened steel is provided. The press-hardened steel has an alloy matrix including from about 0.01 wt. % to about 0.35 wt. % carbon, from about 1 wt. % to about 9 wt. % chromium, from about 0.5 wt. % to about 2 wt. % silicon, and a balance of iron. The alloy matrix is greater than or equal to about 95 vol. % martensite. A first layer is disposed directly on the alloy matrix. The first layer is continuous, has a thickness of greater than or equal to about 0.01 ?m to less than or equal to about 10 ?m, and includes an oxide enriched with chromium and silicon. A second layer is disposed directly on the first layer, and includes an oxide enriched with Fe. Methods of preparing the press-hardened steel are also provided.