Abstract: An interactive computer-based training (ICBT) system operable over a computer network for training users. The ICBT system is provided with inter-dependent, state-machine-based hardware and software simulators for emulating hardware and software functionality associated with a piece of equipment on which the users are to receive interactive training. The state transition method effectuated in a computer-readable memory system includes the steps of: identifying a current state of the state machine wherein a transition is to be effectuated; determining if there is a state immediately prior to the current state, and if so, determining whether there is a dependency of the current state on the immediately prior state, the dependency being characterized as a first order dependency; inferring a reference value associated with the current state based on the first order dependency; and determining a future state of the state machine based on the inferred reference value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for covering vegetation in a cold or windy environment such that the vegetation is protected from frost. The cover includes a sheet of material that has a parameter edge. The parameter edge is folded to form piping and a weight is positioned within the piping to restrain the movement of the cover when the cover is in position over the vegetation.

Abstract: The present invention is a drain plug apparatus designed and configured to remain in the drain hole of a conventional pleasure water vessel, regardless of whether the vessel is in or out of the water. This drain plug apparatus includes a body assembly having at least two chambers. One chamber will house a shut-off valve for enabling the boater to open or close the drain plug apparatus. This will render water to escape or prevent entrance to the boat, respectively. A safety assembly is included in the second and each subsequent chamber. The safety assembly will prevent water passage into the water vessel should the user forget to close the drain plug assembly, prior to placing the boat in water.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reinforced door assembly for a motor vehicle including a vehicle frame. The motor vehicle includes a B-pillar and a hinge pillar incorporating a hinge assembly. The reinforced door includes a door frame with a hinge shut face and a latch shut face. The door frame is attached to the hinge pillar of the motor vehicle by the hinge assembly which is attached to an outer side of the hinge shut face of the door frame. The reinforced door assembly further includes an offset intrusion beam with a first end and a second end. The first end of the offset intrusion beam is attached to an inner side of the hinge shut face by fasteners which also attach the hinge assembly to the outer side of the hinge shut face. The second end of the offset intrusion beam is attached to a reinforcement bracket which is attached to an inner side of the latch shut face through suitable fasteners.

Abstract: A method of using a paddle in the accelerated remediation of a contaminated material and a paddle, therefore, are provided.

Abstract: An output shaft and attachment combination and a power tool incorporating the combination are disclosed. The output shaft has a first diameter portion, a second diameter portion, and a drive portion located between the first and second diameter portions. The attachment has a first cylindrical bore, a second cylindrical bore, and a driven bore located between the first and second cylindrical bores. The first cylindrical bore and the second cylindrical bore have inner diameters sized to receive outer diameters of the first diameter portion and the second diameter portion, respectively. The driven portion is configured to engage the drive portion.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method is hereby provided for remediating manure-contaminated material. The method of the present invention comprises providing a mass of manure-contaminated material including in situ-formed bacteria and nitrogen-containing materials. The mass of manure-contaminated material is acidified to a pH of not more than about 7.0 without (a) destroying a substantial portion of said active bacteria, and/or (b) without liberating a substantial portion of said nitrogen-containing materials. Then, the acidified manure-contaminated material is particularized, preferably microenfractionated, as hereinafter described. The particularized, acidified manure-contaminated material is treated with at least one chemical amendment, such as with at least one nutrient, to form a treated particularized manure-contaminated material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reinforced door assembly for a motor vehicle including a vehicle frame. The motor vehicle includes a B-pillar and a hinge pillar incorporating a hinge assembly. The reinforced door includes a door frame with a hinge shut face and a latch shut face. The door frame is attached to the hinge pillar of the motor vehicle by the hinge assembly which is attached to an outer side of the hinge shut face of the door frame. The reinforced door assembly further includes an offset intrusion beam with a first end and a second end. The first end of the offset intrusion beam is attached to an inner side of the hinge shut face by fasteners which also attach the hinge assembly to the outer side of the hinge shut face. The second end of the offset intrusion beam is attached to a reinforcement bracket which is attached to an inner side of the latch shut face through suitable fasteners.

Abstract: The present invention is a drain plug apparatus designed and configured to remain in the drain hole of a conventional pleasure water vessel, regardless of whether the vessel is in or out of the water. This drain plug apparatus includes a body assembly having at least two chambers. One chamber will house a shut-off valve for enabling the boater to open or close the drain plug apparatus. This will render water to escape or prevent entrance to the boat, respectively. A safety assembly is included in the second and each subsequent chamber. The safety assembly will prevent water passage into the water vessel should the user forget to close the drain plug assembly, prior to placing the boat in water.

Abstract: An exterior rear view mirror assembly for an automotive vehicle is provided including a bracket for attachment to a side portion of a vehicle, a mirror housing having a rear opening connected to the bracket and extending laterally therefrom, a mirror connected within the mirror housing generally adjacent the mirror housing rear opening, a water removal hole penetrating a bottom end of the mirror housing for allowing precipitation entrapped within the mirror housing to escape therefrom, a turbulent flow generator formed forwardly adjacent of the water removal hole to cause turbulent air flow past the removal hole to diminish wind noise being generated by the water removal hole.

Abstract: An interactive computer-based training (ICBT) system and method operable over a computer network for training users. The ICBT system is provided with a state-machine-based hardware simulator for emulating various hardware states associated with a piece of equipment on which the users are to receive interactive training. A software simulator provided as a command inference engine is coupled to the hardware simulator, wherein the software simulator allows the users to interactively interrogate the emulated piece of equipment for its software functionality. One or more independently selectable learning modules are provided as part of the ICBT system, wherein each learning module includes one or more lesson plans related to the hardware and software functionality of the emulated piece of equipment. Also, the learning modules are inter-dependently associated with the hardware and software simulators.

Abstract: A system which contains a plurality of examinee systems connected over the Internet to an exam distribution server. The exam distribution server connects to an exam database system which contains a plurality of exam questions that have been approved by one or more exam question approvers. The exam database system may store a plurality of potential exam questions for each of a plurality of sections of the examination, including a section for web search and evaluation, a section for general computing concepts, a web page design section, a section for using presentation software, a section relating to spreadsheets and word processing, and a section relating to legal and ethical issues. An exam administrator system then generates an exam through an exam generation module that selects a predetermined number of questions in each of the predetermined sections of the examination and presents the proposed exam to the exam administration system.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of using a paddle in the accelerated remediation of a contaminated material. The method which comprises the steps of providing the paddle which is connectable to, and extendable outwardly from the periphery of, an elongate cylindrical drum having a longitudinal axis, for generating an air stream at a velocity sufficient for entraining the contaminated material therein, and for microenfractionating the contaminated material so that the contaminated material is capable of being treated with at least one chemical amendment prior to, and/or during, and/or subsequent to, microenfractionating the contaminated material, the paddle comprising a body having a first planar portion having a leading edge and a second planar portion connected at a first angle to the first paddle portion, the second planar portion being oriented so as to generate a first material-entraining air stream when the drum is rotated, and a base portion connected to the body for mounting the paddle onto the drum.

Abstract: A fuel injector for use in a internal combustion engine is disclosed. The fuel injector includes a body having a discharge end and a longitudinal axis extending therethrough, and an electromagnetic coil located within the body. The fuel injector further includes a fuel metering valve operable between an open position and a closed position and an air metering valve operable between an open position and a closed position. The fuel injector also includes a valve seat located within the body proximate to the discharge end and includes an orifice extending therethrough along the longitudinal axis. A needle is reciprocally mounted along the longitudinal axis between an open position and a closed position. The needle has an upstream end, a downstream end, and a needle channel extending therethrough along the longitudinal axis. The needle engages the valve seat in the closed position. A guide is disposed along the longitudinal axis such that the upstream end of the needle is reciprocable within the guide.

Abstract: A method of accelerated remediation or bioremediation of contaminated material using an apparatus comprising means for generating a treated contaminated material entraining air stream at a velocity sufficient for entraining the contaminated material therein. The contaminated material is entrained in the air stream and is then microenfractionated using the apparatus to form a microenfractionated contaminated material. Finally, the microenfractionated contaminated material is treated with at least one chemical amendment and/or one biological amendment by discharging the chemical amendment and/or one biological amendment from the apparatus thereby facilitating the accelerated remediation or bioremediation. The chemical amendment can comprise either a chemical oxidizing agent, a chelating agent, or a metallic reducing agent. The preferred metallic reducing agents are zero valent iron, zero valent zinc, zero valent tin, zero valent manganese and zero valent aluminum.

Abstract: A fuel injector having a pulsed air assist atomizer to provide improved atomization and fuel spray targeting. The fuel injector provides a pulsed air supply, rather than a continuous air supply at the discharge of the fuel injector. The fuel injector includes an air inlet, a fuel inlet, mixing chamber and controller for controlling the simultaneous introduction of air and fuel into the mixing chamber. The controller controls an air jet to impact fuel flowing into the mixing chamber to atomize the fuel before discharge of the air-fuel mixture from the fuel injector.

Abstract: A fuel injector has a shroud surrounding its valve orifice. The shroud carries a porous element spaced from the orifice to define a chamber. Air passages are provided through the shroud for injecting air under pressure into the chamber. The fuel sprayed onto the porous element from the orifice enters the pores of the element and increases the wetted surface area such that the air under pressure passing through the porous element shreds the fuel films and finely atomizes the fuel for egress from the porous element into the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An improved atomization fuel injector for an internal combustion engine includes an armature assembly including an injector needle reciprocable between a closed position and an open position; a needle seat for receiving the injector needle in the closed position, the needle seat including a central opening therethrough; an exit orifice disk disposed downstream of the needle seat; and an impinging jet atomizer disposed upstream of the exit orifice disk. A method of improving atomization of fuel in fuel injectors includes providing a fuel injector; adding fuel to the fuel injector; passing the fuel through a central opening in a seat of the fuel injector; separating the fuel into at least two channels; and directing at least two channels of fuel towards one another such that the channels of fuel collide with each other.

Abstract: A scroll-type machine is disclosed which is particularly well suited for use as a compressor in refrigeration and air conditioning systems and incorporates a unique arrangement for modulating the capacity thereof. In one group of embodiments the capacity of the scroll-type machine is modulated by relative axial movement between the scroll members so as to form a leakage path across the wrap tips and opposed end plates. In another group of embodiments, modulation is achieved by reducing the orbital radius of one of the scroll members to thereby form a leakage path across the flank surfaces of the wraps. In the second group, a plurality of pin members are moveable from a first and second positions. In a first position the plurality of pin members operably enable the scroll members to orbit and in a second position the pin members restrict the orbiting motion of the first scroll members.

Abstract: An ergonomically adjustable tool handle having a dual direction locking device including a modified swivel retaining plate having an external threaded portion and a corresponding modified jam nut which is threaded to receive the external threads of the retaining plate. A retrofit kit incorporating the locking device optionally includes an anchor bolt having a predetermined length for installation on a conventional tool handle.