Abstract: To validate manual virtual machine migration, a placement controller receives a user request to manually migrate at least one virtual machine across physical machines. Based on criteria used by the placement controller for automatically selecting placement of virtual machines on the physical machines, it is determined whether the user-requested migration of the at least one virtual machine violates the criteria. In response to determining that the user-requested migration violates the criteria, a notification of the violation is provided.

Abstract: Hot-melt sealing glass compositions that include one or more glass frits dispersed in a polymeric binder system. The polymeric binder system is a solid at room temperature, but melts at a temperature of from about 35° C. to about 90° C., thereby forming a flowable liquid dispersion that can be applied to a substrate (e.g., a cap wafer and/or a device wafer of a MEMS device) by screen printing. Hot-melt sealing glass compositions according to the invention rapidly re-solidify and adhere to the substrate after being deposited by screen printing. Thus, they do not tend to spread out as much as conventional solvent-based glass frit bonding pastes after screen printing. And, because hot-melt sealing glass compositions according to the invention are not solvent-based systems, they do not need to be force dried after deposition.

Abstract: A command is received to place a first physical machine into a lower power mode. The first physical machine has a virtual machine. In response to the received command, a procedure is performed to migrate the virtual machine from the first physical machine to a second physical machine.

Abstract: A method comprises scheduling, by a weighted proportional-share virtual time processor scheduler, processor access to a first consumer during a time period in which a second consumer is blocked from processor access. When the second consumer becomes unblocked from processor access, the weighted proportional-share virtual time processor scheduler determines whether the length of the time period over which the second consumer was blocked from processor access exceeds a predefined time threshold. When determined that the length of the time period over which the second consumer was blocked from processor access does not exceed the predefined time threshold, then scheduler does not update the virtual time of the second consumer before scheduling processor access for the second consumer.

Abstract: A method comprises observing communication through a virtualized interface between at least one virtual machine (VM) and a driver domain. Based on the observed communication through the virtualized interface, a weighted amount of communication between the VM and the driver domain is determined for each of the VM(s), wherein the weighted amount is based at least in part on at least one characteristic of the observed communication, such as directional flow and/or size of packets in the communication. Another method comprises evaluating CPU utilization of a target network driver domain in processing communications having different characteristics, and deriving corresponding weighting for the different communication characteristics. The derived weighting for the different communication characteristics are employed within a communication monitor that observes communication between virtual machines and the target network driver domain.

Abstract: A method comprises determining an amount of central processing unit (CPU) usage by a driver domain on behalf of a given virtual machine (VM) over a measurement period. The method further comprises determining a share of CPU to schedule for the given VM for a plurality of future scheduling intervals based at least in part on the determined amount of CPU usage by the driver domain on behalf of the given VM over the measurement period. The method further comprises scheduling the determined share of CPU access to the given VM for the plurality of future scheduling intervals.

Abstract: To train a virtual machine placement controller, the placement controller determines a new layout of virtual machines that is different from an existing layout of the virtual machines, according to criteria. The placement controller transmits the information relating to the new layout to a user interface. The placement controller receives feedback from the user interface, the received feedback indicating a user response to the new layout. The placement controller then modifies the criteria in response to the received feedback.

Abstract: A technique for accounting for resource usage time by virtual machines is provided according to which a virtual machine observes a non-virtual timer to determine an elapsed non-virtual time interval during which the virtual machine performed a computation while using a shared processing resource. The virtual machine infers the amount of time it used the shared processing resource based on the observation.

Abstract: A method comprises determining an amount to which resource usage by a driver domain on behalf of a given virtual machine (VM) is to be limited. The method further comprises controlling the resource usage by the driver domain on behalf of the given VM so as not to exceed the determined amount. A system comprises a VM, a driver domain, and a shared resource that is usable by the VM and by the driver domain. The system further comprises a controller for limiting usage of the shared resource by the driver domain on behalf of the VM to prevent the usage of the shared resource by the driver domain on behalf of the VM from exceeding a determined amount.

Abstract: A method comprises determining an aggregate usage of CPU attributable to a given virtual machine (VM), wherein the aggregate usage of CPU attributable to the given VM includes a determined amount of CPU usage by a driver domain, such as by a network driver domain, that is attributable to the given VM. The method further comprises scheduling, by an aggregate proportional-share scheduler, CPU access to the given VM based at least in part on the determined aggregate usage of CPU attributable to the given VM.

Abstract: As apparatus for responding silently to incoming calls in a communication system. Such an apparatus provides the capability to respond to incoming calls in the communication system which could be, for example, a telephone system, for those cases necessitating minimal disruptions such as wherein the telephone user receiving the call is in a meeting or other group situation. With the system disclosed herein, the telephone user can respond to the caller immediately with pre-recorded responses. Special responses can be pre-recorder for special situations or special callers.

Abstract: Hot-melt sealing glass compositions that include one or more glass frits dispersed in a polymeric binder system. The polymeric binder system is a solid at room temperature, but melts at a temperature of from about 35° C. to about 90° C., thereby forming a flowable liquid dispersion that can be applied to a substrate (e.g., a cap wafer and/or a device wafer of a MEMS device) by screen printing. Hot-melt sealing glass compositions according to the invention rapidly re-solidify and adhere to the substrate after being deposited by screen printing. Thus, they do not tend to spread out as much as conventional solvent-based glass frit bonding pastes after screen printing. And, because hot-melt sealing glass compositions according to the invention are not solvent-based systems, they do not need to be force dried after deposition.

Abstract: According to at least one embodiment, a method comprises observing communication from a virtual machine (VM) to a domain in which a device driver for a shared resource resides. The method further comprises determining, based on the observed communication, CPU utilization of the domain that is attributable to the VM. According to at least one embodiment, a system comprises a Central Processing Unit (CPU), Virtual Machines (VMs), and a domain in which a device driver for a shared resource resides, wherein the domain is operable to receive requests from the VMs for access to the shared resource. The system further comprises a CPU utilization monitor operable to determine an amount of CPU utilization of the domain in processing the received requests that is attributable to each of the VMs.

Abstract: In various embodiments of the present invention, execution-state transitions occur in a first portion of a system, and a cumulative execution state for each process is maintained by a second portion of the system so that, when a second-portion routine is called, the second-portion routine can determine whether or not the current execution state is suitable for execution of the second-portion routine. In various embodiments, a callpoint log, allocated and maintained for each process, stores the cumulative execution state for the process. In one embodiment, the first portion is an operating system, and the second portion is a secure kernel, with the cumulative execution state used by the secure kernel to prevent unauthorized access by erroneously or maliciously invoked operating-system routines to secure kernel routines. In another embodiment, the cumulative execution state is used as a debugging tool by the second-portion routines to catch errors in the implementation of the first-portion routines.

Abstract: According to at least one embodiment, a method comprises observing communication from a virtual machine (VM) to an isolated driver domain. The method further comprises determining, based on the observed communication, CPU utilization of the isolated driver domain that is attributable to the VM. According to at least one embodiment, a system comprises a Central Processing Unit (CPU), Virtual Machines (VMs), and a first isolated driver domain in which a first device driver for a first shared resource resides, wherein the first isolated driver domain is operable to receive requests from the VMs for access to the first shared resource. The system further comprises a CPU utilization monitor operable to determine an amount of CPU utilization of the first isolated driver domain in processing the received requests that is attributable to a VM requesting access to the first shared resource.

Abstract: Among other things, a computer-implemented method for presenting an ad. The method includes receiving from an advertiser a predetermined level of online interest in a specified topic. The method further includes determining whether a current level of online interest meets or exceeds the predetermined level, and selectively presenting the ad based on the determination.

Abstract: A system for managing resources automatically among nodes includes a node controller configured to dynamically manage allocation of node resources to individual workloads, where each of the nodes is contained in one of a plurality of pods. The system also includes a pod controller configured to manage live migration of workloads between nodes within one of the plurality of pods, where the plurality of pods are contained in a pod set. The system further includes a pod set controller configured to manage capacity planning for the pods contained in the pod set. The node controller, the pod controller and the pod set controller are interfaced with each other to enable the controllers to meet common service policies in an automated manner. The node controller, the pod controller and the pod set controller are also interfaced with a common user interface to receive service policy information.

Abstract: In various embodiments of the present invention, a virtual monitor can arrange to properly emulate execution of a cover instruction by operating-system code, or other code assuming to run at highest privilege level, by monitoring a window of instruction execution in which a cover instruction may be executed. Upon occurrence of an interruption, the virtual monitor may configure performance monitoring by the IA-64 processor to count the number of times a cover instruction is executed.

Abstract: A simultaneous ascending price auction (“SAA”) can be used to allocate advertising inventory to bidders. The advertising inventory can be, for example, radio or television advertisement spots (“spots”). The bidders can be advertisers that can provide advertisements for presentation in the spots. Two or more contiguous spots can define an advertising block. Spots or advertising blocks can be allocated to advertisers by the SM mechanism based on bid criteria. The SAA can perform simultaneous advertisement scheduling and pricing. The auction allocation can be optimized to facilitate efficient allocation of advertisements to spots or blocks.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method including receiving advertising campaign characteristics with a minimum frequency target for an advertising campaign; selecting, based on the received advertising campaign characteristics, a station having one or more advertising spots available; determining, based on the one or more advertising spots, whether the minimum frequency target is attainable for the selected station; and making an offer to the selected station, in response to the determination, to obtain advertising for the advertising campaign.