Abstract: The present invention provides new processes for the preparation of unsubstituted and substituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds which are useful, for example, for preventing or treating diseases or conditions related to an abnormally high level or activity of TNF-?. The invention can provide improved and/or efficient processes for the commercial production of unsubstituted and substituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds, including, but not limited to, unsubstituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione.

Abstract: An all in the head surface cleaning apparatus may have a surface cleaning head including a front end, a rear end, first and second laterally opposed sidewalls. The surface cleaning head may include a cyclone assembly comprising a cyclone chamber and a dirt collection chamber. The cyclone chamber may have a longitudinal cyclone axis, a cyclone assembly air inlet port and a cyclone assembly air outlet port. The cyclone assembly may be moveable from a cleaning position to a cyclone assembly removal position. The surface cleaning head may include a biasing member biasing the cyclone assembly away from the cleaning position, and a suction motor having a suction motor air inlet and a suction motor axis. The apparatus may include an upper portion moveably mounted to the surface cleaning head between a storage position and a floor cleaning position, the upper portion comprising a drive handle.

Abstract: A lead anchor includes a body defining a lead lumen having a first opening and a second opening through which a lead can pass. The body further defines a transverse lumen that intersects the lead lumen. An exterior member is disposed around at least a portion of the body. The exterior member is formed of a biocompatible material. A fastener anchors the lead to the body through the transverse lumen by deforming a portion of the lead. The transverse lumen is configured and arranged to receive the fastener. At least one suture element is defined by the exterior member and is configured and arranged for receiving a suture to suture the lead anchor to patient tissue.

Abstract: This disclosure provides chips, systems and methods for sequencing a nucleic acid sample. Tagged nucleotides are provided into a reaction chamber comprising a nanopore in a membrane. An individual tagged nucleotide of the tagged nucleotides can contain a tag coupled to a nucleotide, which tag is detectable with the aid of the nanopore. Next, an individual tagged nucleotide of the tagged nucleotides can be incorporated into a growing strand complementary to a single stranded nucleic acid molecule derived from the nucleic acid sample. With the aid of the nanopore, a tag associated with the individual tagged nucleotide can be detected upon incorporation of the individual tagged nucleotide. The tag can be detected with the aid of the nanopore when the tag is released from the nucleotide.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides biochips and methods for making biochips. A biochip can comprise a nanopore in a membrane (e.g., lipid bilayer) adjacent or in proximity to an electrode. Methods are described for forming the membrane and inserting the nanopore into the membrane. The biochips and methods can be used for nucleic acid (e.g., DNA) sequencing. The present disclosure also describes methods for detecting, sorting, and binning molecules (e.g., proteins) using biochips.

Abstract: The present invention provides new processes for the preparation of unsubstituted and substituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds which are useful, for example, for preventing or treating diseases or conditions related to an abnormally high level or activity of TNF-?. The invention can provide improved and/or efficient processes for the commercial production of unsubstituted and substituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds, including, but not limited to, unsubstituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione.

Abstract: A surface cleaning head has a cyclone assembly with a cyclone assembly air inlet port and a cyclone assembly air outlet port, a first air flow path extending from a dirty air inlet to the cyclone assembly air inlet port, and a second air flow path extending from the cyclone assembly air outlet port to a suction motor air inlet. The cyclone assembly moveable from a cleaning position in which the cyclone assembly air inlet port is in communication with an outlet port of the first air flow path and cyclone assembly air outlet port is in communication with an inlet port of the second air flow path to a removal position in which the cyclone assembly air inlet port is spaced from the outlet port of the first air flow path and cyclone assembly air outlet port is spaced from the inlet port of the second air flow path.

Abstract: This disclosure provides chips, systems and methods for sequencing a nucleic acid sample. Tagged nucleotides are provided into a reaction chamber comprising a nanopore in a membrane. An individual tagged nucleotide of the tagged nucleotides can contain a tag coupled to a nucleotide, which tag is detectable with the aid of the nanopore. Next, an individual tagged nucleotide of the tagged nucleotides can be incorporated into a growing strand complementary to a single stranded nucleic acid molecule derived from the nucleic acid sample. With the aid of the nanopore, a tag associated with the individual tagged nucleotide can be detected upon incorporation of the individual tagged nucleotide. The tag can be detected with the aid of the nanopore when the tag is released from the nucleotide.

Abstract: Techniques for forming a nanopore in a lipid bilayer are described herein. In one example, an agitation stimulus level such as an electrical agitation stimulus is applied to a lipid bilayer wherein the agitation stimulus level tends to facilitate the formation of nanopores in the lipid bilayer. In some embodiments, a change in an electrical property of the lipid bilayer resulting from the formation of the nanopore in the lipid bilayer is detected, and a nanopore has formed in the lipid bilayer is determined based on the detected change in the lipid bilayer electrical property.

Abstract: A system for communicating information from an array of sensors is disclosed. The system comprises a sensor array that includes a plurality of sensors, wherein each sensor senses a physical property of a material that is in communication with the sensor. The system further comprises signal processing circuitry associated with each sensor that integrates the output of the sensor over time and compares the integrated output to a threshold. The system further comprises a communication network coupled to the signal processing circuitry that outputs information indicating that the integrated output corresponding to a given sensor has reached the threshold.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides devices, systems and methods for sequencing nucleic acid molecules. Nucleic acid molecules can be sequenced with a high accuracy (e.g., greater than 97% in a single pass) using a chip comprising an array of independently addressable nanopore sensors at a density of at least about 500 sites per 1 mm2. An individual nanopore sensor can include a nanopore in a membrane that is adjacent or in proximity to a sensing electrode.

Abstract: A biochip for molecular detection and sensing is disclosed. The biochip includes a substrate. The biochip includes a plurality of discrete sites formed on the substrate having a density of greater than five hundred wells per square millimeter. Each discrete site includes sidewalls disposed on the substrate to form a well. Each discrete site includes an electrode disposed at the bottom of the well. In some embodiments, the wells are formed such that cross-talk between the wells is reduced. In some embodiments, the electrodes disposed at the bottom of the wells are organized into groups of electrodes, wherein each group of electrodes shares a common counter electrode. In some embodiments, the electrode disposed at the bottom of the well has a dedicated counter electrode. In some embodiments, surfaces of the sidewalls are silanized such that the surfaces facilitate the forming of a membrane in or adjacent to the well.

Abstract: A light guide type pain reliever includes a handle including a barrel accommodating a battery, a rear end cap and a front end cap respectively capped on two opposite ends of the barrel, a pushbutton mounted in the rear end cap and a switching connector mounted in the rear end cap and electrically connected to the battery and drivable by the pushbutton to switching on/off the battery, a holder shell connected to the front end cap and electrically coupled to the battery and having electrically connected thereto a vibrator and a light-emitting device, an adapter connected to the holder shell, and a light guide plate connected to the adapter guiding out light rays emitted by the light-emitting device.

Abstract: The present invention provides new processes for the preparation of unsubstituted and substituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds which are useful, for example, for preventing or treating diseases or conditions related to an abnormally high level or activity of TNF-?. The invention can provide improved and/or efficient processes for the commercial production of unsubstituted and substituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds, including, but not limited to, unsubstituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione.

Abstract: Provided is a process of detecting spam in websites, the process including: obtaining text from a website; detecting an amount of transitions between character sets in the text, wherein the character sets each correspond to different alphabets; calculating, with a computer, a score indicative of the likelihood that the text is spam based on the amount of transitions; and labeling the text as spam based on the score.

Abstract: There is provided a method of controlling a transmission rate of a data stream by a server transmitting the data stream to a client device over a network, the method comprising receiving a feedback message from the client, the feedback message containing information indicating a positive or negative acknowledgement of receipt for each one of a plurality of data packets of the data stream; calculating values of a plurality of metrics, wherein each of the values is indicative of transmission quality of the network and is calculated based at least in part on the information contained in the feedback message, and wherein the values include a first value of a first metric representing packet loss; and adjusting the transmission rate if at least one of the values satisfies a corresponding condition; wherein the first metric is prioritized among the plurality of metrics such that an adjustment of the transmission rate responsive to a second value of a second metric satisfying the corresponding condition is condition

Abstract: A lead anchor includes a body defining a lead lumen having a first opening and a second opening through which a lead can pass. The body further defines a transverse lumen that intersects the lead lumen. An exterior member is disposed around at least a portion of the body. The exterior member is formed of a biocompatible material. A fastener anchors the lead to the body through the transverse lumen by deforming a portion of the lead. The transverse lumen is configured and arranged to receive the fastener. At least at least two suture tabs extend from the exterior member and are configured and arranged for receiving a suture to suture the lead anchor to patient tissue.

Abstract: The present invention provides new processes for the preparation of unsubstituted and substituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds which are useful, for example, for preventing or treating diseases or conditions related to an abnormally high level or activity of TNF-?. The invention can provide improved and/or efficient processes for the commercial production of unsubstituted and substituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds, including, but not limited to, unsubstituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione.

Abstract: A surface cleaning head has a cyclone assembly with a cyclone assembly air inlet port and a cyclone assembly air outlet port, a first air flow path extending from a dirty air inlet to the cyclone assembly air inlet port, and a second air flow path extending from the cyclone assembly air outlet port to a suction motor air inlet. The cyclone assembly moveable from a cleaning position in which the cyclone assembly air inlet port is in communication with an outlet port of the first air flow path and cyclone assembly air outlet port is in communication with an inlet port of the second air flow path to a removal position in which the cyclone assembly air inlet port is spaced from the outlet port of the first air flow path and cyclone assembly air outlet port is spaced from the inlet port of the second air flow path.

Abstract: An all in the head surface cleaning apparatus may have a surface cleaning head including a front end, a rear end, first and second laterally opposed sidewalls. The surface cleaning head may include a cyclone assembly comprising a cyclone chamber and a dirt collection chamber. The cyclone chamber may have a longitudinal cyclone axis, a cyclone assembly air inlet port and a cyclone assembly air outlet port. The cyclone assembly may be moveable from a cleaning position to a cyclone assembly removal position. The surface cleaning head may include a biasing member biasing the cyclone assembly away from the cleaning position, and a suction motor having a suction motor air inlet and a suction motor axis. The apparatus may include an upper portion moveably mounted to the surface cleaning head between a storage position and a floor cleaning position, the upper portion comprising a drive handle.