Abstract: A controller adapts read voltage thresholds of a non-volatile memory. In one embodiment, in response to selection of a block for adaptation of at least one read voltage threshold applicable to a physical page of the block, the controller issues a dummy read operation to the block to ensure the physical page is in a lower bit error rate (BER) state. The controller waits for a calibration read wait period following the dummy configuration read operation and, during the calibration read wait period, monitors for an interfering access to the non-volatile memory that would temporarily place the physical page in a higher BER state. In response to not detecting the interfering access during the calibration read wait period, the controller performs a calibration read operation for the physical page and adapts at least one read voltage threshold for the physical page based on results of the calibration read operation.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, according to one embodiment, includes: maintaining, by a processor, a first open logical erase block for user writes; maintaining, by the processor, a second open logical erase block for relocate writes; receiving, by the processor, a first data stream having the user writes; transferring, by the processor, the first data stream to the first open logical erase block; receiving, by the processor, a second data stream having the relocate writes; and transferring, by the processor, the second data stream to the second open logical erase block. Moreover, the first and second open logical erase blocks are different logical erase blocks. Other systems, methods, and computer program products are described in additional embodiments.

Abstract: The population of data to be admitted into secondary data storage cache of a data storage system is controlled by determining heat metrics of data of the data storage system. If candidate data is submitted for admission into the secondary cache, data is selected to tentatively be evicted from the secondary cache; candidate data provided to the secondary data storage cache is rejected if its heat metric is less than the heat metric of the tentatively evicted data; and candidate data submitted for admission to the secondary data storage cache is admitted if its heat metric is equal to or greater than the heat metric of the tentatively evicted data.

Abstract: A computer program product, according to one embodiment, includes a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith. The computer readable storage medium is not a transitory signal per se. Moreover, the program instructions are readable and/or executable by a controller to cause the controller to perform a method which includes: assigning data having a first heat to a first data stream, assigning data having a second heat to a second data stream, and writing the data streams simultaneously, in parallel, to page-stripes having a same index across a series of planes of memory. The writing of the first data stream begins at an opposite end of the series of planes as the writing of the second data stream, the writing of the streams being toward one another. Other systems, methods, and computer program products are described in additional embodiments.

Abstract: A data storage system includes a non-volatile memory array controlled by a controller. In response to receipt of write data to be written to the non-volatile memory array, the controller determines whether a read count of an unfinalized candidate block of storage within the non-volatile memory array satisfies a read count threshold applicable to the block. In response to determining that the read count of the unfinalized candidate block satisfies the read count threshold, the controller finalizing programming of the candidate block and programming an alternative block with the write data.

Abstract: Read errors following programming in a multi-level non-volatile memory are mitigated by a controller of the non-volatile memory. The controller temporarily buffers, in a cache, pages of data programmed into the non-volatile memory. In response to receiving a read request for a target page of data programmed into the non-volatile memory, where the read request is received during a delay time affecting the target page, the controller services the read request by accessing data of the target page in the cache in response to the read request hitting in the cache. The controller instead services the read request from the non-volatile memory in response to the read request missing in the cache. When servicing the read request from the non-volatile memory, the controller preferably reads the target page from the non-volatile memory utilizing a set of read voltage thresholds determined based on the read-after-write delay.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, a controller of a non-volatile memory array including a plurality of subdivisions stores write data within the non-volatile memory array utilizing a plurality of block stripes of differing numbers of blocks, where all of the blocks within each block stripe are drawn from different ones of the plurality of subdivisions. The controller builds new block stripes for storing write data from blocks selected based on estimated remaining endurances of blocks in each of the plurality of subdivisions.

Abstract: A method, according to one embodiment, includes assigning data having a first heat to a first data stream, assigning data having a second heat to a second data stream, and writing the data streams in parallel to page-stripes having a same index across a series of planes of memory. Other systems, methods, and computer program products are described in additional embodiments.

Abstract: Space of a data storage memory of a data storage memory system is reclaimed by determining heat metrics of data stored in the data storage memory; determining relocation metrics related to relocation of the data within the data storage memory; determining utility metrics of the data relating the heat metrics to the relocation metrics for the data; and making the data whose utility metric fails a utility metric threshold, available for space reclamation.

Abstract: Space of a data storage memory of a data storage memory system is reclaimed by determining heat metrics of data stored in the data storage memory; determining relocation metrics related to relocation of the data within the data storage memory; determining utility metrics of the data relating the heat metrics to the relocation metrics for the data; and making the data whose utility metric fails a utility metric threshold, available for space reclamation.

Abstract: Deduplication of data on a set of non-volatile memory by performing the following operations: receiving a first dataset; determining whether the first dataset is already present in data written to a first set of non-volatile memory; and on condition that the first dataset is determined to have already been present in the data written to the first set of non-volatile memory, providing a linking mechanism to associate the received first dataset with the already present data written to the first set of non-volatile memory.

Abstract: A data storage system includes a controller that controls a non-volatile memory array including a plurality of garbage collection units of physical memory. For each of the plurality of garbage collections units storing valid data, the controller determines an invalidation metric and a health-based adjustment of the invalidation metric. The controller selects a garbage collection unit on which to perform garbage collection from among a plurality of garbage collections units predominately based on the invalidation metric for the garbage collection unit and also based on the health-based adjustment for the garbage collection unit. In response to selection of the garbage collection unit, the controller performing garbage collection for the garbage collection unit.

Abstract: A data storage system includes a controller that controls a non-volatile memory array including a plurality of blocks. The controller assigns blocks to a plurality of different health grades. The controller maintains a plurality of ready-to-use queues identifying blocks that do not currently hold valid data and are ready for use for data storage. Each of the ready-to-use queues is associated with a respective one of the health grades. The controller monitors fill levels in the ready-to-use queues, and based on the monitoring, adjusts at least one health grade block distribution for the plurality of blocks. Based on the adjustment of the at least one health grade block distribution, the controller thereafter re-grades blocks and assigns blocks to the plurality of ready-to-use queues in accordance with the at least one health grade block distribution that was adjusted, such that distribution of blocks within the plurality of ready-to-use queues is improved.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of managing data includes storing a first copy of data in a solid state memory using a controller of the solid state memory, and storing a second copy of the data in a hard disk drive memory using the controller. Write requests are served substantially simultaneously at both the solid state memory and the hard disk drive memory under control of the controller. In another embodiment, a system for storing data includes a solid state memory, at least one hard disk drive memory, and a controller for controlling storage of data in both the solid state memory and the hard disk drive memory. Other methods, systems, and computer program products are also described according to various embodiments.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, a controller of a non-volatile memory array including a plurality of subdivisions stores write data within the non-volatile memory array utilizing a plurality of block stripes of differing numbers of blocks, where all of the blocks within each block stripe are drawn from different ones of the plurality of subdivisions. The controller builds new block stripes for storing write data from blocks selected based on estimated remaining endurances of blocks in each of the plurality of subdivisions.

Abstract: In a data storage system including a non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM) array, a page is a smallest granularity of the NVRAM array that can be accessed by read and write operations, and a memory block containing multiple pages is a smallest granularity of the NVRAM array that can be erased. Data are stored in the NVRAM array in page stripes distributed across multiple memory blocks. In response to detection of an error in a particular page of a particular block of the NVRAM array, only the particular page of the particular block is retired, such that at least two of the multiple memory blocks across which a particular one of the page stripes is distributed include differing numbers of active (non-retired) pages.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided in a non-volatile memory controller for reducing read access latency by straddling pages across non-volatile memory channels. Responsive to a request to write a logical page to a non-volatile memory array, the non-volatile memory controller determines whether the logical page fits into a current physical page. Responsive to determining the logical page does not fit into the current physical page, the non-volatile memory controller writes a first portion of the logical page to a first physical page in a first block and writes a second portion of the logical page to a second physical page in a second block. The first physical page and the second physical page are on different non-volatile memory channels.

Abstract: A controller-implemented method, according to one embodiment, includes: examining, by the controller, each of a plurality of journal entries from at least one journal beginning with a most recent one of the journal entries in a most recent one of the at least one journal and working towards an oldest one of the journal entries in an oldest one of the at least one journal, the journal entries corresponding to one or more updates made to one or more logical to physical table (LPT) entries of a LPT; determining, by the controller, whether a current LPT entry, which corresponds to a currently examined journal entry, has already been updated; and discarding, by the controller, the currently examined journal entry in response to determining that the current LPT entry has already been updated.

Abstract: Techniques for data deduplication in a data storage system include comparing a first attribute of a received data page to first attributes of one or more stored data pages. In response to the first attribute matching one of the first attributes, a second attribute of the received data page is compared to second attributes of the one or more data pages. In response to the second attribute of the received data page matching one of the second attributes, a fingerprint of the received data page is compared to fingerprints of the one or more data pages. In response to the fingerprint of the received data page matching one of the fingerprints, the received data page is discarded and replaced with a reference to the corresponding data page already stored in the storage system. In response to first attribute, the second attribute, or the fingerprint of the received data page not matching, the received data page is stored.

Abstract: A controller of a data storage system generates fingerprints of data blocks written to the data storage system. The controller maintains, in a data structure, respective state information for each of a plurality of data blocks. The state information for each data block can be independently set to indicate any of a plurality of states, including at least one deduplication state and at least one non-deduplication state. At allocation of a data block, the controller initializes the state information for the data block to a non-deduplication state and, thereafter, in response to detection of a write of duplicate of the data block to the data storage system, transitions the state information for the data block to a deduplication state. The controller selectively performs data deduplication for data blocks written to the data storage system based on the state information in the data structure and by reference to the fingerprints.