Abstract: Micro-wires are arranged to form an electrical conductor connected to an electrode structure. The electrical conductor includes a plurality of spaced-apart first micro-wires extending in a first direction, wherein one of the first micro-wires is a connection micro-wire. A plurality of spaced-apart second micro-wires extends in a second direction different from the first direction. At least two adjacent second micro-wires are spaced apart by a distance greater than the spacing between at least two adjacent first micro-wires. Each second micro-wire is electrically connected to at least two first micro-wires. The electrode structure includes a plurality of electrically connected third micro-wires electrically connected to the connection micro-wire at spaced-apart connection locations and at least some of the adjacent connection locations are separated by a distance greater than any of the distances separating the second micro-wires.

Abstract: Display apparatus with reduced susceptibility to electro-magnetic interference includes a display including an array of pixels and a ground mesh located in proximity to the display. The ground mesh includes a plurality of electrically connected ground lines located between the pixels, so that electro-magnetic radiation emitted or received by the display is reduced.

Abstract: A method of making a connection-pad structure includes providing a substrate and coating a curable layer over the substrate. A group of intersecting micro-channels is embossed in the curable layer. Each micro-channel extends from a surface of the curable layer into the curable layer toward the substrate. The curable layer is cured to form a cured layer having embossed intersecting micro-channels in the cured layer; the group of intersecting micro-channels forms a connection pad. A curable electrical conductor is located in the intersecting micro-channels. The curable electrical conductor is cured to form an electrically continuous cured electrical conductor formed in the group of intersecting micro-channels and an electrical connector is electrically connected to the cured electrical conductor.

Abstract: A display device includes a display having an array of pixels separated by inter-pixel gaps in at least one dimension. An electrode having a length direction is formed over the display and extends across at least a portion of the array of pixels. The electrode includes a plurality of electrically connected micro-wires formed in a micro-pattern. The micro-pattern has a first set of parallel micro-wires oriented at a first angle non-orthogonal to the length direction and a second set of parallel micro-wires oriented at a second angle non-orthogonal to the length direction different from the first angle. The micro-wires of the first and second sets intersect to form an array of electrically connected micro-wire intersections. At least every other micro-wire intersection on the micro-wires of the first set is located between the pixels in the inter-pixel gaps.

Abstract: A method of making a micro-wire rib structure includes providing a substrate and locating a curable layer on or over the substrate. The curable layer is imprinted and cured to form a cured layer including a cured-layer surface and a micro-channel having a micro-channel depth, a micro-channel bottom, first and second micro-channel sides, and one or more ribs having opposing rib sides and a rib top defining a rib height less than the micro-channel depth. Each rib is located between the first and second micro-channel sides and extends from the micro-channel bottom toward the cured-layer surface. A curable conductive material is located in the micro-channel and cured to provide a cured electrical conductor forming a micro-wire in the micro-channel.

Abstract: A method of making a high-aspect-ratio imprinted structure includes providing a substrate, forming a first layer on the substrate, imprinting a plurality of micro-channels in the first layer, and curing the first layer. Each micro-channel has a bottom and walls, the micro-channel bottom having distinct first and second portions. A material is deposited on the first layer and in each micro-channel and anisotropically etched to remove the deposited material from the first layer and the second portion of the micro-channel bottom, leaving the deposited material on the micro-channel walls. A filler material is located in the micro-channels between the deposited materials and on only the second portion of the micro-channel bottom and cured.

Abstract: A high-aspect-ratio imprinted structure includes a first layer of cured layer material having a plurality of micro-channels imprinted in the first layer. Each micro-channel has micro-channel walls and a micro-channel bottom, the micro-channel bottom having distinct first and second portions. Deposited material is located on the micro-channel walls and not on the second portion of the micro-channel bottom.

Abstract: A multi-layer micro-wire structure includes first and second substrates having first and second layers extending to first and second layer edges, respectively. The first layer includes first micro-wire electrodes and first connection pads. Each first micro-wire electrode includes one or more electrically connected first micro-wires and each first connection pad electrically connects to a corresponding first micro-wire electrode. The second layer includes second micro-wire electrodes and second connection pads. Each second micro-wire electrode includes one or more electrically connected second micro-wires, and each second connection pad electrically connects to a corresponding second micro-wire electrode. The second layer is located between the first substrate and the second substrate and the second layer edge extends at least partly beyond the first layer edge so that one or more of the second connection pads is located between at least a portion of the first layer edge and the second layer edge.

Abstract: A multi-area micro-wire structure includes a substrate and a micro-wire layer having first and second distinct and separated areas and first and second layer edges, respectively. The second layer edge is different from the first layer edge and the second area is larger than the first area. One or more first micro-wire electrodes and one or more first connection pads are located in the micro-wire layer in the first area. One or more second micro-wire electrodes and one or more second connection pads are located in the micro-wire layer in the second area. Each micro-wire electrode includes one or more electrically connected micro-wires. Each first or second connection pad is located adjacent to the first or second layer edge and electrically connected to a corresponding first or second micro-wire electrode, respectively.

Abstract: A method of making a multi-layer micro-wire structure includes providing a substrate with a micro-wire layer having first and second areas. The micro-wire layer includes first and second micro-wire electrodes and first and second connection pads in the first and second areas, respectively. Each micro-wire electrode includes one or more electrically connected micro-wires and is electrically connected to a connection pad. The micro-wires are located in a common step. The first area is separated from the second area and the first area of the substrate and the second area of the micro-wire layer are located between the first micro-wires and the second area of the substrate so that a second layer edge extends at least partly beyond a first layer edge and one or more of the second connection pads is located between at least a portion of the first layer edge and the second layer edge.

Abstract: A capacitive touch-screen device with force detection of a deformable touch element includes drive and sense electrode arrays and a touch-detection circuit connected to the electrodes for detecting capacitance at a touch location. The touch-detection circuit senses no-touch capacitance, light-touch capacitance, and heavy-touch capacitance at the touch location in response to forcible deformation of the deformable touch element proximate to the touch. The touch-detection circuit reports a force signal.

Abstract: A method of making a display device includes providing a display substrate having a first display substrate side, a second display substrate side opposed to the first display substrate side, and an array of pixels formed in rows and columns on or over the first display substrate side. A transparent dielectric layer is located over the display, the transparent dielectric layer having a row side and an opposed column side. Row electrodes are provided on the row side and column electrodes are provided on the column side. Each row electrode extends exclusively over all of the pixels in a row and each column electrode extends exclusively over all of the pixels in a column.

Abstract: An electrical conductor includes a substrate having micro-channels formed in the substrate. A plurality of spaced-apart first micro-wires is located on or in the micro-channels, the first micro-wires extending across the substrate in a first direction. A plurality of spaced-apart second micro-wires is located on or in the micro-channels, the second micro-wires extending across the substrate in a second direction different from the first direction. Each second micro-wire is electrically connected to at least two first micro-wires and at least one of the second micro-wires has a width less than the width of at least one of the first micro-wires.

Abstract: A method of making a display device includes providing a first substrate having an array of pixels located in correspondence thereto. The pixels are separated by inter-pixel gaps. A first electrode having a length direction is located over the first substrate and extends across at least a portion of the array of pixels, the first electrode including a plurality of electrically connected micro-wires formed in a micro-pattern. The micro-pattern has a first set of parallel micro-wires oriented at a first angle non-orthogonal to the length direction and a second set of parallel micro-wires oriented at a second angle non-orthogonal to the length direction different from the first angle. The micro-wires of the first and second sets intersect to form an array of electrically connected micro-wire intersections. At least every other micro-wire intersection on the micro-wires of the first set is located between the pixels in the inter-pixel gaps.

Abstract: A method for force detection of a deformable touch element with a capacitive touch-screen device includes providing drive and sense electrode arrays and a touch-detection circuit connected to the electrodes for detecting capacitance at a touch location. No-touch capacitance, light-touch capacitance, and heavy-touch capacitance are sensed with the touch-detection circuit at the touch location in response to forcible deformation of the deformable touch element proximate to the touch and a force signal reported.

Abstract: A pattern of micro-wires in a layer over which ink is to be coated to form micro-wires includes a substrate with first, second, and third regions. A plurality of connected first micro-channels, second micro-channels, and third micro-channels are formed in the first, second, and third regions having first, second, and third micro-channel densities, respectively. The first density is greater than the second density and the second density is greater than the third density. Thus, the density of the layer monotonically decreases from the first region to the second region and from the second region to the third region so that the ink coated over the layer is more effectively distributed.

Abstract: A micro-wire electrode structure includes a substrate having a surface. A plurality of first micro-wire electrodes spatially separated by first electrode gaps is located in a first layer in relation to the surface, each first micro-wire electrode including a plurality of electrically connected first micro-wires. A plurality of electrically isolated second micro-wire electrodes is located in a second layer in relation to the surface, the second layer at least partially different from the first layer. Each second micro-wire electrode includes a plurality of electrically connected second micro-wires. A plurality of first gap micro-wires is located in each first electrode gap, at least some of the first gap micro-wires located in a gap layer different from the first layer. The first gap micro-wires are electrically isolated from the first micro-wires.

Abstract: A method of making a micro-wire electrode structure includes providing a substrate having a surface. A plurality of first micro-wire electrodes spatially separated by first electrode gaps is located in a first layer in relation to the surface, each first micro-wire electrode including a plurality of electrically connected first micro-wires. A plurality of electrically isolated second micro-wire electrodes in a second layer is located in relation to the surface, the second layer at least partially different from the first layer and each second micro-wire electrode including a plurality of electrically connected second micro-wires. A plurality of first gap micro-wires is located in each first electrode gap, at least some of the first gap micro-wires located in a gap layer different from the first layer, the first gap micro-wires electrically isolated from the first micro-wires.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reading a machine-readable optical code encoding information formed in an image that is presented to a user. The method includes using a processor to receive the image with the machine-readable optical code; using a graphic user interface to visually present the received image on a display; using the graphic user interface to receive a user selection of the machine-readable optical code; using a processor to decode the selected machine-readable optical code; and using the graphic user interface to present information referenced by the decoded information on the display.

Abstract: A touch-screen device includes a transparent dielectric layer. An anisotropically conductive first electrode extends in a first length direction over the substrate and an anisotropically conductive second electrode having a second length direction is formed under the substrate. The anisotropically conductive first and second electrodes each include a plurality of electrically connected micro-wires, including parallel straight micro-wires extending in the corresponding first and second length directions and angled micro-wires formed at a non-orthogonal angle to the straight micro-wires. The angled micro-wires electrically connect the straight micro-wires so that the anisotropically conductive first and second electrodes each have a greater electrical conductivity in the corresponding first and second length directions than in another anisotropically conductive electrode direction.