Abstract: A system and apparatus are disclosed herein for vehicle to everything (V2X) wireless communication. A V2X wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a vehicle to everything (V2X) message including configuration information and a road side unit (RSU) address. The WTRU may then transmit a message to the RSU according to the configuration information including multimedia broadcast multicast services (MBMS) data. The configuration information may include a MBMS service descriptor. One or more of the V2X messages may include priority information, WTRU type information, or both.

Abstract: A base station device may include a processor and memory. The base station device may be configured to receive a registration request from a WTRU. The registration request may include an indication that the WTRU is requesting access to a private network. The base station device may send the registration request to a network node. The base station device may receive an identifier of the WTRU from a network node. The base station device may determine whether the WTRU is authorized to access the private network based on the received identifier of the WTRU and a list of allowed device identifiers for the private network. The base station device may send authorization information and an indication that the WTRU has been authorized to access the private network to the network node. The base station device may forward a registration accept message to the WTRU.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems for changing a layer 2 (L2) identifier (ID) during an ongoing vehicle-to-everything (V2X) session between a source wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) and a peer WTRU include communicating between the source and a peer WTRUs based on an existing layer 2 (L2) identifier (ID). On a condition that a trigger event occurs, the source WTRU generates a new source L2 ID, communicates the new source L2 ID to the peer WTRU, receives from the peer WTRU a message that responds to the new source L2 ID, and communicates between the source WTRU and the peer WTRU based on the new source L2 ID.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are provided for a network control node for connecting a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) to a network slice in a network. The network control node may receive service information associated with a service being requested by the WTRU, wherein the service information comprises one or more of a service class, a quality of service (QoS) requirement, or a mobility characteristic. The network control node may determine slice information associated with a plurality of network slices, wherein the slice information comprises one or more of an identifier of the network slice, priority of the network slice, a service class served by the network slice, a target device class, a QoS target, mobility support, security service, charging information, and/or performance information. The network control node may determine subscriber information for the WTRU.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products directed to methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems directed for associating single-modal flows for synchronization and resource allocation.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein for handling connection rejects via a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU)-to-WTRU (U2U) relay associated with backoff times on behalf of a source end WTRU. A relay WTRU may retry to establish connection with a target WTRU on behalf of a source WTRU, for example, based on receiving a rejection (e.g., with a backoff value) from the target WTRU. The source WTRU may associate the reject message to the target WTRU, and the relay WTRU may be available to reach other target WTRUs. The relay WTRU may send a reject message to other source WTRUs (e.g., if the back off duration is active, running) for the same target WTRU.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for priority handling for ProSe Communications. A relay wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may act as a relay between the network and the remote WTRU. The relay WTRU may receive a temporary mobile group identity (TMGI) request message from a remote WTRU. The TMGI request message may include a TMGI, a ProSe per packet priority level associated with the TMGI, etc. The relay WTRU may receive an evolved multimedia broadcast multicast service (eMBMS) data packet from a network. The eMBMS may be associated with the TMGI. The relay WTRU may apply the received ProSe per packet priority level associated with the TMGI to the received eMBMS data packet. The relay WTRU may relay the eMBMS data packet to the remote WTRU based on the ProSe per packet priority level. The relay WTRU may forward the eMBMS data packet to the remote WTRU via a PC5 interface.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses for protocol data unit (PDU) session management over different access technologies (ATS) are disclosed. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first message from a network over a first access technology. The first message may include an indication for the WTRU to reestablish resources for one or more protocol data unit (PDU) sessions over a second access technology. The WTRU may determine that a PDU session of the one or more PDU sessions is locally deactivated by the WTRU. The WTRU may send a second message via the first access technology. The second message may include a PDU session status information element (IE) indicating the PDU session is locally deactivated such that the network releases the PDU session.

Abstract: V2X Enhancements to support V2P communication are disclosed. In particular, Vehicle to Pedestrian Communications are provided. Methods and apparatus for operation by an initiating wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) for direct link with a peer WTRU using a first key identifier of a root key are provided. In one embodiment, a method includes sending, by the initiating WTRU to the peer WTRU, a release request message to release the direct link with the peer WTRU, the release request message including information indicating first security information associated with a second key identifier of the root key. The method further includes receiving, receiving, by the initiating WTRU from the peer WTRU, a response to the release request message including second security information associated with the second key identifier of the root key.

Abstract: The device may be a multi-universal subscriber identity module (MUSIM) device. The device may send a first registration request to a first network, for example, to enable an unavailability period feature with the second network. The registration request may indicate a first unavailability duration. The device may determine that an unavailability event is triggered. The device may determine that the device will be unavailable for a period of time. The device may receive a first registration response, for example, a first registration accept message. The first registration response may indicate a first registration duration. The device may determine a second unavailability duration. The device may send a second registration request to a second network, for example, indicate the second unavailability duration. The device may receive a second registration response. The second registration response may be a second registration accept message.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) includes a processor configured to receive configuration information that includes information related to S-NSSAI support for each visited public land mobile network (VPLMN) of a plurality of VPLMNs, to receive a message indicating that an S-NSSAI is not available on a current VPLMN, and to send a request message including an indication that the S-NSSAI is not available in the current VPLMN, the request message being one of a deregistration message and a registration request message based on the configuration information.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) to determine slice availability in tracking areas (TAs) of a registration area (RA). In a representative example, the WTRU may use determined slice availability to detect changes in slice availability among different TAs. For example, the WTRU may move from a first TA of a RA where access to a first slice is unavailable to a second TA of the RA where access to the first slice is available. The WTRU may receive information during a registration procedure in the first TA that indicates the first slice is available in less than all TAs of the RA. Upon moving to the second TA, the WTRU may (e.g., again) perform a registration procedure in the second TA of the RA in order to access the first slice in the second TA.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, etc., directed to access traffic steering, switching, and splitting redundant traffic steering mode are provided. A method may include transmitting, to a first network element, information indicating a request to establish/modify a multi-access protocol data unit (PDU) session; receiving, via a second network element, information indicating a response to the request to establish/modify a multi-access PDU session; determining first and second values of a plurality of metrics for first and second access networks (ANs); determining to transmit a PDU associated with the multi-access PDU session via a one of (i) the first AN, (ii) the second AN or (iii) the first and second ANs based on a rule and on the first and second values of the plurality of metrics satisfying respective conditions of the rule; and transmitting the PDU via the one of the first AN, the second AN or the first and second ANs.

Abstract: Embodiments include methods and apparatuses for providing access to a network slice in a communication system. In an embodiment, a network server that implements a Control Plane (CP) Network Function (NF) may receive a Non-Access Stratum (NAS) message from a wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU). The NAS message comprises a Mobility Management (MM) message for registration and a Session Management (SM) messages for a specific service provided by the network slice. After selecting the network slice, the network server may transmit the SM message to another CP NF in the network slice to establish a communication link between the WTRU and the network slice.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may establish a multi-access (MA) protocol data unit (PDU) in accordance with the examples described herein. The WTRU may establish a new packet data network (PDN) connection or identify a suitable existing PDN connection in an evolved packet core (EPC), establish a MA-PDU in a 5G core network (5GC), and associate the existing PDN with the MA-PDU. The WTRU may already have a MA-PDU session established in 5GC with both 3GPP access leg and non-3GPP access leg in 5GC, and the WTRU may replace the 3GPP access leg in 5GC with a suitable PDN connection in EPC. The WTRU may send a request for establishing a single-access PDU session in 5GC via non-3GPP access, and a 5GC network may upgrade a PDU session established for the WTRU to a MA-PDU with 3GPP access leg in EPC.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and systems for managing a connection state of a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU) that is in Mobile Initiated Communication Only (MICO) mode are disclosed. One representative method may include the WTRU obtaining information indicating that the WTRU is to initiate registration prior to sending a Service Request (SR). The representative method may further include the WTRU sending a registration request in accordance with the obtained information and sending a SR after registering with a Network Entity.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein for enabling discovery and selection of a WTRU-to-network relay by a remote WTRU and handling a WTRU-to-network relay configuration update. The WTRU-to-network relay may broadcast a service type indicating that the service type is available or conditionally available based on the WTRU-to-network relay slicing configuration. The WTRU-to-network relay may update broadcasting the service type or the indication that the service type as being conditionally available based on update of the WTRU-to-network relay slicing configuration. The WTRU-to-network relay may relay traffic between one or more distinct remote WTRUs and the core network node via a WTRU-to-network relay. The WTRU-to-network relay may reuse an existing PDU session for relay traffic or send a PDU session establishment request to network with the requested PDU session parameters depending on if the session parameters associated with an existing PDU session match the PDU session requirements of the remote WTRU.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses directed to non-access stratum procedures in connection with layer 2 relaying are provided. A method implemented in a first WTRU, may comprise: receiving, from a second WTRU, a first sidelink transmission comprising a first information indicating an amount of time for the first WTRU to refrain from transmitting, to the second WTRU; determining to reselect to a third WTRU responsive to receiving the first information and based on a second sidelink transmission from the third WTRU; reselecting or autonomous reselecting to the third WTRU; establishing a connection with the third WTRU; and transmitting, to the third WTRU, a third sidelink transmission comprising a second information indicating congestion as a cause for the reselection.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for enforcing limited mobility in a mobile network. For example, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive (e.g., receive from a network) a mapping of physical cell identifications (PCIs) to area identifications (AIDs). The WTRU may determine a first PCI associated with a first neighbor cell. The WTRU may determine, based on the first PCI and the PCIs to AIDs mapping, whether the WTRU is allowed to access the first neighbor cell. The WTRU may perform cell selection or reselection with the first neighbor cell as a cell selection or reselection candidate. The WTRU may perform cell selection or reselection based on the WTRU determining that the WTRU is allowed to access the first neighbor cell. The WTRU may determine that the WTRU is allowed to access the first neighbor cell based on the first PCI and the PCIs to AIDs mapping.

Abstract: A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to transmit on a first interface and determine to transmit on a second interface. The WTRU may receive configuration information. For example, the configuration information may include a path switching capability indication, a path switching policy, and an information sharing method indication. Based on the configuration information, the WTRU may determine to perform a path switch. In response to determining to perform a path switch, the WTRU may retrieve certain information associated with a peer WTRU. The WTRU may transmit, based on the retrieved information, a path switch request to the peer WTRU. The WTRU may receive a response to the path switch request. If the response indicates that the path switch request has been accepted by the peer WTRU, the WTRU may perform a communication path switch from the first interface to a second interface.