Abstract: A method performed by a WTRU may comprise determining application layer information and receiving QoS policy configuration information. A QoS mechanism may be determined based on the application layer information and the received QoS policy configuration information. A QoS value applicable to the determined QoS mechanism may then be determined for a data packet. Subsequently, the determined QoS value may be transmitted to another WTRU over a PC5 interface, with or without the data packet. The QoS mechanism may be determined as one of a PPPP mechanism or a QFI mechanism. The QoS policy configuration information may be received via a gNB. In an embodiment, the application layer information may include an application identifier, a PSID or an ITS-AID. The QoS policy configuration information may indicate a mapping of V2X application IDs to respective QoS mechanisms.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein for enabling discovery and selection of a WTRU-to-network relay by a remote WTRU and handling a WTRU-to-network relay configuration update. The WTRU-to-network relay may broadcast a service type indicating that the service type is available or conditionally available based on the WTRU-to-network relay slicing configuration. The WTRU-to-network relay may update broadcasting the service type or the indication that the service type as being conditionally available based on update of the WTRU-to-network relay slicing configuration. The WTRU-to-network relay may relay traffic between one or more distinct remote WTRUs and the core network node via a WTRU-to-network relay. The WTRU-to-network relay may reuse an existing PDU session for relay traffic or send a PDU session establishment request to network with the requested PDU session parameters depending on if the session parameters associated with an existing PDU session match the PDU session requirements of the remote WTRU.

Abstract: A method implemented on a UE includes determining an application class of an application, and permitting or barring access by the application to a communication network according to a comparison of the determined application with a rule to provide application class based access control. The application is classified into the determined application class. The application is classified into the determined application class by a home network. The application is classified into the determined application class by a 3GPP layer. The application is classified into the determined application class by a visited network. The visited network classifies the application into a further application class. The rule includes a list of applications for permitting or barring access by the applications according to the comparison of the determined application class with the rule.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for priority handling for ProSe Communications. A relay wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may act as a relay between the network and the remote WTRU. The relay WTRU may receive a temporary mobile group identity (TMGI) request message from a remote WTRU. The TMGI request message may include a TMGI, a ProSe per packet priority level associated with the TMGI, etc. The relay WTRU may receive an evolved multimedia broadcast multicast service (eMBMS) data packet from a network. The eMBMS may be associated with the TMGI. The relay WTRU may apply the received ProSe per packet priority level associated with the TMGI to the received eMBMS data packet. The relay WTRU may relay the eMBMS data packet to the remote WTRU based on the ProSe per packet priority level. The relay WTRU may forward the eMBMS data packet to the remote WTRU via a PC5 interface.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described herein for dynamic PC5 communication adaptation. For example, a UE may receive, from a vehicle-to-everything control function (V2X CF) or a vehicle-to-everything application server (V2X AS), a V2X provisioning message that includes a first transmission profile and determine, based on the first transmission profile, a first range to configure PC5 communication of a plurality of UEs associated with the V2X platoon. When a number of UEs joining the V2X platoon exceeds a certain threshold, the UE may transmit, to the V2X CF or the V2X AS, a modification request message requesting a second transmission profile. The UE may receive, from the V2X CF or the V2X AS, a modification response message that includes the second transmission profile and determine, based on the second transmission profile, a second range to reconfigure the PC5 communication of the plurality of UEs associated with the V2X platoon.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for enforcing limited mobility in a mobile network. For example, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive (e.g., receive from a network) a mapping of physical cell identifications (PCIs) to area identifications (AIDs). The WTRU may determine a first PCI associated with a first neighbor cell. The WTRU may determine, based on the first PCI and the PCIs to AIDs mapping, whether the WTRU is allowed to access the first neighbor cell. The WTRU may perform cell selection or reselection with the first neighbor cell as a cell selection or reselection candidate. The WTRU may perform cell selection or reselection based on the WTRU determining that the WTRU is allowed to access the first neighbor cell. The WTRU may determine that the WTRU is allowed to access the first neighbor cell based on the first PCI and the PCIs to AIDs mapping.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described herein for proximity-based services (ProSe) service-based discovery. For example, a service utilizing-wireless transmit/receive unit (SU-WTRU) may be provisioned with a type of discovery on a per-service basis and a security credential on a per-service basis. The SU-WTRU may transmit (315) a PC5 discovery message with the type of discovery and a first security element that is generated based on the security credential. The WTRU may then receive (325), from a service providing-wireless transmit/receive unit (SP-WTRU), a PC5 discovery response message that includes a second security element and a service identity associated with a service that the SP-WTRU provides. On a condition that the second security element is verified based on the provisioned security credential, the SU-WTRU may authorize (330) the SP-WTRU to establish a PC5 communication link with the SP-WTRU.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses for sidelink communication are disclosed. A WTRU may receive a first SCI element from a second WTRU within a group. The WTRU may receive a first RCI element within a first set of resources scheduled by the first SCI. The first RCI may include information about which WTRU in the group is scheduled to use a second set of resources. The WTRU may determine, based on the first RCI, that one or more subresources within the second set of resources are available. The WTRU may transmit data in the one or more subresources. The first SCI and the first RCI may be received in a first reservation period and the one or more subresources may be in a second reservation period.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, architectures and interfaces, performed by a relay wireless transmit/receive unit (R-WTRU) including a transmitter, a receiver, a memory, and a processor, for establishing extended unicast links and management unicast links are provided. The method includes: performing, by the R-WTRU, a link establishment procedure for establishing any number of extended unicast links for relaying traffic between a service-provider WTRU (SP-WTRU) and any number of service-user WTRUs (SU-WTRUs) according to a mapping generated by the R-WTRU, the link establishment procedure including: (1) generating a mapping of any of the extended links and layer 2 (L2) identifiers (IDs) for any of a SP-WTRU, a R-WTRU, and any number of SU-WTRUs, and (2) transmitting a unique relay ID; establishing a management unicast link for the extended unicast links; and applying any number of link management requests received via the management unicast link to associated extended unicast links.

Abstract: A method performed by a WTRU may comprise determining application layer information and receiving QoS policy configuration information. A QoS mechanism may be determined based on the application layer information and the received QoS policy configuration information. A QoS value applicable to the determined QoS mechanism may then be determined for a data packet. Subsequently, the determined QoS value may be transmitted to another WTRU over a PC5 interface, with or without the data packet. The QoS mechanism may be determined as one of a PPPP mechanism or a QFI mechanism. The QoS policy configuration information may be received via a gNB. In an embodiment, the application layer information may include an application identifier, a PSID or an ITS-AID. The QoS policy configuration information may indicate a mapping of V2X application IDs to respective QoS mechanisms.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for network slice selection and/or reselection. A WTRU may receive updated assistance information for network slice selection and/or reselection. The WTRU may apply local policies to determine when to use the updated assistance information to access a network slice. The WTRU may determine whether to contact an existing network slice function or a new network slice function to establish a connection to a network slice. Based on the determination, the WTRU may transmit different information to the network. The network slice selection and/or reselection may be initiated by a WTRU or by a network.

Abstract: A method and apparatus where an announcing WTRU may request peer discovery from a Pro Se function, and the ProSe function may provide information associated with a monitoring WTRU to the announcing WTRU as a result of the monitoring WTRU having discovered the announcing WTRU. A discoveree WTRU may request peer discovery from a ProSe function where the ProSe function sends a unique ProSe query code to a discoverer WTRU. As a result of the discoveree WTRU detecting the ProSe query code on radio interface, the discoveree WTRU triggers a match report procedure to obtain information associated with the Discoverer WTRU.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for offloading traffic from a third generation partnership project (3GPP) access network to a non-3GPP access point (AP) are disclosed. A 3GPP access network entity may receive subscription information associated with a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU). The 3GPP access network entity may further receive traffic associated with the WTRU. The 3GPP access network entity may further determine whether to offload the traffic to the non-3GPP AP based on the subscription information. The 3GPP access network entity may also forward the traffic to the non-3GPP AP based on its determination.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses for protocol data unit (PDU) session management over different access technologies (ATS) are disclosed. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first message from a network over a first access technology. The first message may include an indication for the WTRU to reestablish resources for one or more protocol data unit (PDU) sessions over a second access technology. The WTRU may determine that a PDU session of the one or more PDU sessions is locally deactivated by the WTRU. The WTRU may send a second message via the first access technology. The second message may include a PDU session status information element (IE) indicating the PDU session is locally deactivated such that the network releases the PDU session.

Abstract: Mobile device-to-mobile device discovery may be performed via a relay device (e.g., wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU)), which may send a discovery request (e.g., including service ID, relay capability indication, and relay WTRU ID) to a ProSe server. A discovery response may include a (e.g., ProSe) relay service broadcast code and discovery filter (e.g., corresponding to service ID for a service broadcast by a service provider WTRU). The relay WTRU may use the discovery filter to listen for a ProSe code broadcast by a service provider WTRU. The relay WTRU may determine a received ProSe code matches the discovery filter. The relay WTRU may broadcast the relay service broadcast code based on the match. The service broadcast code broadcast may be intended for receipt by a service utilizing WTRU, which may utilize the relay WTRU to join/receive a service from a service provider WTRU.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described herein for dynamic PC5 communication adaptation. For example, a UE may receive, from a vehicle-to-everything control function (V2X CF) or a vehicle-to-everything application server (V2X AS), a V2X provisioning message that includes a first transmission profile and determine, based on the first transmission profile, a first range to configure PC5 communication of a plurality of UEs associated with the V2X platoon. When a number of UEs joining the V2X platoon exceeds a certain threshold, the UE may transmit, to the V2X CF or the V2X AS, a modification request message requesting a second transmission profile. The UE may receive, from the V2X CF or the V2X AS, a modification response message that includes the second transmission profile and determine, based on the second transmission profile, a second range to reconfigure the PC5 communication of the plurality of UEs associated with the V2X platoon.

Abstract: Coordinated P-GW change for SIPTO may be provided. A WTRU may send and/or receive one or more flows via a first PDN connection and via a first P-GW. The WTRU may send an indication to the network that at least one flow of the first PDN connection is available for SIPTO. The indication may include one or more SIPTO preferences. The WTRU may receive a message from a MME. The message may trigger establishment of a second PDN connection via a second P-GW. The WTRU may move, while maintaining the first PDN connection, the at least one flow from the first PDN connection to the second PDN connection. The WTRU may deactivate the first PDN connection when the one or more flows have been moved to the second PDN connection and/or when no information has been received via the first PDN connection after a predetermined duration.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for offloading traffic from a third generation partnership project (3GPP) access network to a non-3GPP access point (AP) are disclosed. A 3GPP access network entity may receive subscription information associated with a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU). The 3GPP access network entity may further receive traffic associated with the WTRU. The 3GPP access network entity may further determine whether to offload the traffic to the non-3GPP AP based on the subscription information. The 3GPP access network entity may also forward the traffic to the non-3GPP AP based on its determination.

Abstract: Techniques may be used for restricted direct discovery in proximity services (ProSe). A ProSe function may receive from a discovery wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) a restricted ProSe Application identity (ID) of an application located at the discoverer WTRU requesting ProSe discovery. The ProSe function may derive a first and second ProSe codes for the discoveree WTRU and discoverer WTRU, and provide the ProSe codes to the discoverer and/or discoveree WTRUs. A ProSe application server may receive a revocation message from an announcing WTRU indicating a revoked WTRU. The ProSe application server may provide a ProSe discovery WTRU ID for the revoked WTRU to a ProSe Function. The ProSe function may instruct the announcing WTRU to stop announcing a ProSe code known by the revoked WTRU, and may provide a new ProSe code to at least one WTRU authorized to discover the announcing WTRU.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses for protocol data unit (PDU) session management over different access technologies (ATs) are disclosed. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first message from a network over a first access technology. The first message may include an indication for the WTRU to reestablish resources for one or more protocol data unit (PDU) sessions over a second access technology. The WTRU may determine that a PDU session of the one or more PDU sessions is locally deactivated by the WTRU. The WTRU may determine that it is in a limited service state associated with the second access technology. The WTRU may send a second message via the first access technology. The second message may include a PDU session status information element (IE) indicating the PDU session is locally deactivated such that the network releases the PDU session.