Abstract: A light-emitting device includes: an array of light-emitting elements connected to a light-up signal line to supply a current for lighting up; an array of memory elements provided so as to correspond to the respective light-emitting elements, connected through respective resistances to a memory signal line to supply a signal to designate a light-emitting element to be lighted up, and memorizing by getting turned on that a corresponding light-emitting element is to be lighted up; and an array of switch elements provided so as to correspond to the respective memory elements, electrically connected to the respective memory elements, connected to a transfer signal line to supply signals to set so as to allow a sequential shift of an ON state from one side end to the other end side, and causing the respective memory elements to be likely to be set in an ON state by getting turned on.

Abstract: A light-emitting element including a light-emitting thyristor and a Schottky barrier diode is provided. A Schottky barrier diode is formed by contacting a metal terminal to a gate layer of a three-terminal light-emitting thyristor consisting of a PNPN-structure. A self-scanning light-emitting element array may be driven at 3.0V by using such a Schottky barrier diode as a coupling diode of a diode-coupled self-scanning light-emitting element array.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes: a substrate; a reflection layer that is provided on the substrate, and that reflects light in a wavelength band set in advance; and a light-emitting layer that is provided on the reflection layer, and that includes a light-emitting region emitting light having wavelengths overlapping in the wavelength band and a surface having unevenness at plural distances from the reflection layer. The surface is provided on a side opposite to the reflection layer across the light-emitting region. The plural distances are set so that wavelengths forming standing waves depending on each of the distances in the wavelength band are interposed each other.

Abstract: The light-emitting device includes: light-emitting elements linearly arrayed at intervals corresponding to a first resolution; switch elements electrically connected to the light-emitting elements; a transfer signal supply unit supplying a transfer signal for transmitting an on state among the switch elements by alternately repeating operations of turning on one switch element and turning on two adjacent switch elements including the one switch element; and a light-emission signal supply unit supplying a light-emission signal corresponding to a second resolution being a half of the first resolution, at supply timing changed according to whether in a first mode for causing an odd-numbered light-emitting element and a next even-numbered one to emit light as a pair, or the second mode for causing an even-numbered light-emitting element and a next odd-numbered one to emit light as a pair, the light-emitting elements arrayed at positions corresponding to the numbers.

Abstract: A light-emitting element head includes: plural light-emitting element array chips that are divided into plural groups and that each are provided with light-emitting elements arranged in an array; a signal generation unit that generates a light-emission control signal for controlling blinking of the light-emitting elements, and an identification signal for identifying which of the light-emitting element array chips in each of the groups the light-emission control signal is for; signal lines through which the light-emission control signal and the identification signal are transmitted; and identification signal discrimination units that are connected to the signal lines and that are provided in the respective light-emitting element array chips, each of the identification signal discrimination units discriminating the identification signal, and transmitting the light-emission control signal to the light-emitting elements.

Abstract: A light-emitting element array drive device includes: plural light-emitting elements; plural switch elements electrically connected mutually in an array and respectively to the light-emitting elements, and setting the respective light-emitting elements ready to emit light when turned on, and unready to emit light when turned off; a transfer signal supply unit supplying transfer signals for getting the switch elements turned-on by sequentially switching each switch element from being turned-off to turned-on, and to turned-off, where periods during which the respective switch elements are turned on are displaced so that each two periods for two of the switch elements adjacently-connected overlap; and a light-emission signal supply unit supplying a light-emission signal having light-emitting periods for the light-emitting elements, where an end point of each light-emitting period is set based on a start point of the above overlap, while a start point thereof is set before each end point.

Abstract: The light-emitting element head includes: a first signal supply unit supplying a first signal for sequentially specifying a plurality of light-emitting elements one by one as a control target for control in common to light-emitting element chips; a second signal supply unit supplying second signals for giving an instruction to emit or not to emit light to one of the elements specified as the control target to a set of light-emitting element chips so that each of the signals is supplied in common to plural light-emitting element chips belonging to each of N groups into which the set of chips are divided; and an enable signal supply unit that supplies enable signals for allowing the set of chips to receive the second signals which are different from one another so that the enable signals are supplied respectively to the chips belonging to each of the N groups.

Abstract: The light-emitting device includes: a setting unit switching a potential difference between anode and cathode electrodes alternately between first and second potential differences so that light-emitting thyristors are caused to have one of the first and second potential differences in common; a specifying unit sequentially specifying, as a target for controlling, one light-emitting thyristor; a supply unit alternately supplying transition voltage for causing specified light-emitting thyristor to transition from the off state to the on state and maintaining voltage for keeping the thyristor being in the off state to a gate electrode of the thyristor, in a light-emission control period during which the specifying unit specifies the target and the setting unit sets the second potential difference; and an adjusting unit that adjusts a light-emitting period of the one light-emitting thyristor by supplying the maintaining voltage and stopping supplying the voltage at a variable timing, in the light-emission control

Abstract: The light-emitting element head is provided with: plural light-emitting element chips in each of which light-emitting elements are arrayed in a line; a lighting signal supply unit supplying lighting signals for setting whether or not the light-emitting elements emit light, each of the lighting signals being provided in common to the light-emitting element chips that belong to one of N groups into which the plural light-emitting element chips are divided, where N is an integer of 2 or more; and a clock signal supply unit supplying a first clock signal as a transfer signal for causing the light-emitting elements to sequentially emit light, and second clock signals for setting the light-emitting elements ready to emit light, the second clock signals being different from one another, being supplied to the respective light-emitting element chips belonging to the one of the N groups, and being supplied in common across the N groups.

Abstract: A light-emitting element including a light-emitting thyristor and a Schottky barrier diode is provided. A Schottky barrier diode is formed by contacting a metal terminal to a gate layer of a three-terminal light-emitting thyristor consisting of a PNPN-structure. A self-scanning light-emitting element array may be driven at 3.0V by using such a Schottky barrier diode as a coupling diode of a diode-coupled self-scanning light-emitting element array.

Abstract: A light-emitting element including a light-emitting thyristor and a Schottky barrier diode is provided. A Schottky barrier diode is formed by contacting a metal terminal to a gate layer of a three-terminal light-emitting thyristor consisting of a PNPN-structure. A self-scanning light-emitting element array may be driven at 3.0V by using such a Schottky barrier diode as a coupling diode of a diode-coupled self-scanning light-emitting element array.

Abstract: Achiral pyrimidine derivatives and pyridine derivatives of the following formulae or analogs thereof have selective N-type calcium channel antagonistic activity and showed analgesic action when they were taken orally. They are useful as therapeutic agents for pains and various diseases associated with the N-type calcium channels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound represented by the following general formula (1) or its analogue, which selectively inhibit N-type calcium channels or its analogue, and to a method for treating pain etc. comprising the compound represented by the following general formula (1) or its analogue to a patient in need of such treatment: wherein, A represents CH?CH, etc., a, b, c and d represents CH etc., R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 represents H etc., V—W represents C?C, etc., n represents 0 to 3, Y1 represents O etc., B represents —(CH2)vCHR21 wherein v is 0 to 3, R21 represents H, a lower alkyl group or the like, etc., G represents —CO—, a covalent bond, etc., m is 0 to 6, R7 and R8 represents H, a lower alkyl group, —COR18a, —COOR20 wherein R18a and R20 each represents a lower alkyl group or the like, etc.

Abstract: An electrode contact structure having a high reliability is provided. The structure comprises an Au electrode formed on a GaAs substrate, a contact hole open in an insulating film on the Au electrode, and an Al wiring being in contact with the Au electrode through the contact hole. The difference between the height of the portion having the maximum thickness of the Al wiring and the height of the portion having the minimum thickness of the Al wiring is substantially equal to or smaller than the thickness of the insulating film. It is preferable that the thickness of the Au electrode is in the range of 0.1-0.2 ?m, the overlapped width between the peripheral portion of the Au electrode and the insulating film is 1 ?m or less, or the area of the contact hole is at least 16 ?m2 or more.

Abstract: Achiral pyrimidine derivatives and pyridine derivatives of the following formulae or analogs thereof have selective N-type calcium channel antagonistic activity and showed analgesic action when they were taken orally. They are useful as therapeutic agents for pains and various diseases associated with the N-type calcium channels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compound represented by the following general formula (1) or its analogue, which selectively inhibit N-type calcium channels or its analogue, and to a method for treating pain etc. comprising the compound represented by the following general formula (1) or its analogue to a patient in need of such treatment: wherein, A represents CH?CH, etc., a, b, c and d represents CH etc., R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 represents H etc., V—W represents C?C, etc., n represents 0 to 3, Y1 represents O etc., B represents —(CH2)vCHR21 wherein v is 0 to 3, R21 represents H, a lower alkyl group or the like, etc., G represents —CO—, a covalent bond, etc., m is 0 to 6, R7 and R8 represents H, a lower alkyl group, —COR18a, —COOR20 wherein R18a and R20 each represents a lower alkyl group or the like, etc.

Abstract: A self-scanning light-emitting element array is driven such that, if a current supply line for a light-emitting element is broken, a light-emitting element neighboring failed light-emitting element continues to operate. In first time period turned-on states of the neighboring two thyristor overlap when the turned-on state is transferred in the transfer portion by the two-phase clock pulses; a second time period is provided after the first period, during which the light-emitting thyristor corresponding to the turned-on thyristor in the transfer portion is lighted by the light-emitting signal; in a third time period, after the second time period, a turned-off transfer thyristor for the turned-on thyristor is turned on and the lighted thyristor in the light-emitting portion is lighted out. The second time period has a length in which the thyristor having the broken line neighboring the failed thyristor is lighted.

Abstract: A method for driving a self-scanning light-emitting element array is provided in which two light-emitting elements may be illuminated simultaneously in one chip. In a self-scanning light-emitting element array including a transfer element array and light-emitting element array, a magnitude of the write signal for illuminating adjacent two light-emitting elements simultaneously is two times that of the write signal for illuminating one light-emitting element. The self-scanning light-emitting element array is composed of a plurality of self-scanning light-emitting element array chips arranged in a linear manner, and the two-phase clock pulses are applied commonly to the plurality of self-scanning light-emitting element array chips.