Abstract: A malodor reflux blocking unit using the cardiac valve principle, includes a space providing portion inserted into the drain pipe through the drain hole and configured to provide a drain space for the drainage, blocking portions which are, in a non-draining state, disposed to face each other and configured to block communication between the drain pipe and the drain space due to a water film phenomenon which occurs due to drainage water being present between the blocking portions, and intermediate portions configured to mediate connection between the blocking portions and the space providing portion.

Abstract: A display panel includes a display panel displaying an image including a moving image and a static image; a controller generating first image data to the first area in a first arrangement type, and generating second image data to the second area in a second arrangement type; a scan driver sequentially supplying scan signals to all of pixel rows of the first area during a first period of a first frame and sequentially supplying scan signals to a part of pixel rows of the second area exclusively during a second period of the first frame; and a data driver supplying data signals corresponding to the first image data to data lines during the first period, and supplying data signals corresponding to the second image data to the data lines during the second period.

Abstract: A display panel includes a display panel displaying an image including a moving image and a static image; a controller generating first image data to the first area in a first arrangement type, and generating second image data to the second area in a second arrangement type; a scan driver sequentially supplying scan signals to all of pixel rows of the first area during a first period of a first frame and sequentially supplying scan signals to a part of pixel rows of the second area exclusively during a second period of the first frame; and a data driver supplying data signals corresponding to the first image data to data lines during the first period, and supplying data signals corresponding to the second image data to the data lines during the second period.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for preventing, suppressing, alleviating, ameliorating or treating pruritus comprising stem cell-derived exosomes as an active ingredient. The composition of the present invention is able to act against pruritus-inducing multiple cytokine targets, for example, IL-4, IL-31 and TSLP, and thus is able to be widely applied against pruritus caused by various factors and is able to effectively suppress and alleviate pruritus. In addition, when the composition of the present invention is applied directly to human skin, it is able to remarkably ameliorate pruritus-associated clinical scores, erythema and the like. Thus, the composition of the present invention is able to be used as a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external preparation and a cosmetic composition for preventing, suppressing, alleviating, ameliorating or treating pruritus.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for reducing particle generation in a remote plasma source (RPS) include an RPS having a first plasma source with a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are symmetrical with hollow cavities configured to induce a hollow cathode effect within the hollow cavities, and wherein the RPS provides radicals or ions into the processing volume, and a radio frequency (RF) power source configured to provide a symmetrical driving waveform on the first electrode and the second electrode to produce an anodic cycle and a cathodic cycle of the RPS, wherein the anodic cycle and the cathodic cycle operate in a hollow cathode effect mode.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for reducing particle generation in a remote plasma source (RPS) include an RPS having a first plasma source with a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are symmetrical with hollow cavities configured to induce a hollow cathode effect within the hollow cavities, and wherein the RPS provides radicals or ions into the processing volume, and a radio frequency (RF) power source configured to provide a symmetrical driving waveform on the first electrode and the second electrode to produce an anodic cycle and a cathodic cycle of the RPS, wherein the anodic cycle and the cathodic cycle operate in a hollow cathode effect mode.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for processing a substrate are herein described. For example, a processing chamber for processing a substrate includes a chamber body defining a processing volume; a radio frequency (RF) power source configured to deliver RF energy to the processing volume for processing a substrate; a substrate support comprising an electrode; an AC power supply configured to supply power to the processing chamber; an RF filter circuit connected between the electrode and the AC power supply; and a controller configured to monitor an RF voltage at the RF filter circuit that is indirectly induced into the electrode by the RF power source during operation, and to determine a processing state in the processing volume based on the monitored RF voltage.

Abstract: A method of lyophilizing exosomes using a cryoprotectant comprising methionine, mannitol and trehalose is disclosed. The lyophilized exosome product shows a good appearance which maintains a porous sponge shape without forming ice crystals. In addition, the lyophilized exosome product can be applied to a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external preparation and a cosmetic composition. For example, the lyophilized exosome product can be used as a solution obtained by simply mixing it with a diluent.

Abstract: A method for producing exosomes is provided. The method includes culturing animal cells in a medium containing TNF-? and interferon-?. This method is possible not only to increase production of exosomes to be isolated from a cell-derived conditioned medium, but also to exhibit an excellent effect of enhancing bioactivity of exosomes, such as increasing elastin synthesis of exosomes.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for processing a substrate are herein described.

Abstract: A method for promoting production of exosomes and/or extracellular vesicles is provided. The method includes culturing animal cells in a medium containing ascorbic acid, an analogue thereof, or a derivative thereof. The method is able to enhance the productivity of exosomes and/or extracellular vesicles secreted or released per cell or cell-derived conditioned medium.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for reducing particle generation in a remote plasma source (RPS) include an RPS having a first plasma source with a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are symmetrical with hollow cavities configured to induce a hollow cathode effect within the hollow cavities, and wherein the RPS provides radicals or ions into the processing volume, and a radio frequency (RF) power source configured to provide a symmetrical driving waveform on the first electrode and the second electrode to produce an anodic cycle and a cathodic cycle of the RPS, wherein the anodic cycle and the cathodic cycle operate in a hollow cathode effect mode.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel unit including first pixels connected to a data line and second pixels connected to the data line; a sensing unit overlapping the first and second pixels, the sensing unit including sensing electrodes; and a sensing controller for receiving a sensing signal from at least some of the sensing electrodes in accordance with a sensing enable signal having a sensing-on level. In a first frame period, at least two of first data voltages having different levels are applied through the data line to the first pixels and second data voltages having the same level as each other but different from the first data voltages are applied through the data line to the second pixels. In the first frame period, the sensing enable signal has a sensing-off level while the first data voltages are applied and the sensing-on level while the second data voltages are applied.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel unit including first pixels connected to a data line and second pixels connected to the data line; a sensing unit overlapping the first and second pixels, the sensing unit including sensing electrodes; and a sensing controller for receiving a sensing signal from at least some of the sensing electrodes in accordance with a sensing enable signal having a sensing-on level. In a first frame period, at least two of first data voltages having different levels are applied through the data line to the first pixels and second data voltages having the same level as each other but different from the first data voltages are applied through the data line to the second pixels. In the first frame period, the sensing enable signal has a sensing-off level while the first data voltages are applied and the sensing-on level while the second data voltages are applied.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition including exosomes derived from Galactomyces as an active ingredient is provided for skin regeneration, skin elasticity improvement or skin wrinkle reduction. The cosmetic composition has excellent effects on skin regeneration, skin elasticity improvement and/or skin wrinkle reduction.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition containing rose stem cell-derived exosomes as an active ingredient is provided for skin regeneration, skin elasticity improvement or skin wrinkle reduction. The cosmetic composition has excellent effects on skin regeneration, skin elasticity improvement and/or skin wrinkle reduction.

Abstract: A composition for alleviating facial redness containing stem cell-derived exosomes as an active ingredient and a method of reducing facial redness are provided. When a facial skin is treated with the composition for alleviating facial redness containing stem cell-derived exosomes as an active ingredient, the composition exhibits an excellent effect on skin care by reducing the redness of the face and improving the appearance of the face.

Abstract: Methods of monitoring a plasma while processing a semiconductor substrate are described. In embodiments, the methods include determining the difference in power between the power delivered from the plasma power supply and the power received by the plasma in a substrate processing chamber. The power received may be determined using a V/I sensor positioned after the matching circuit. The power reflected or the power lost is the difference between the delivered power and the received power. The process may be terminated by removing the delivered power if the reflected power is above a setpoint. The VRF may further be fourier transformed into frequency space and compared to the stored fourier transform of a healthy plasma process. Missing frequencies from the VRF fourier transform may independently or further indicate an out-of-tune plasma process and the process may be terminated.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for an electronic device to share content information. The electronic device includes: a display; a processor that is electrically connected to the display; and a memory that is electrically connected to the processor. Upon the processor executing instructions stored in the memory, the processor is configured to perform: displaying a content in the display; detecting at least one shared area from the content; and generating a single image based on information associated with the at least one shared area.

Abstract: A method of lyophilizing exosomes using a cryoprotectant comprising methionine, mannitol and trehalose is disclosed. The lyophilized exosome product shows a good appearance which maintains a porous sponge shape without forming ice crystals. In addition, the lyophilized exosome product can be applied to a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external preparation and a cosmetic composition. For example, the lyophilized exosome product can be used as a solution obtained by simply mixing it with a diluent.