Abstract: A luminaire including a wavelength converter and a method of manufacturing the luminaire are provided. The wavelength converter radiates, based on a laser light beam, a light beam having a wavelength different from the laser light beam The method of measuring the luminaire includes measuring wavelengths of laser light beams oscillated by a plurality of laser elements to identify main wavelengths of the plurality of laser elements, storing association information between main wavelength information items indicating the main wavelengths identified and element information items identifying the plurality of laser elements corresponding to the main wavelengths identified, selecting a combination of laser elements having a composite wavelength falling within a predetermined range, from the plurality of laser elements, based on the association information, and arranging optical paths to irradiate a same area of the wavelength converter with the laser light beams of the combination of laser elements selected.

Abstract: An electronic component device, includes: a lead frame including a terminal portion, the terminal portion including a columnar electrode and a metal plating layer, wherein the metal plating layer is formed on a lower surface of the electrode and a portion of a side surface of the electrode; an electronic component mounted on the lead frame to be electrically connected to the terminal portion; and a sealing resin that seals the lead frame and the electronic component, wherein another portion of the side surface of the electrode is embedded in the sealing resin and the metal plating layer is exposed from the sealing resin.

Abstract: An optical device includes: an excitation light source; a first light transmitter that transmits excitation light emitted from the excitation light source; a fluorescent light part that is disposed on a surface of the first light transmitter opposite a surface through which the excitation light enters, and emits fluorescent light from the excitation light; a second light transmitter that interposes the fluorescent light part with the first light transmitter, and transmits light emitted from the fluorescent light part; a light transmission fiber that guides the light exiting from the second light transmitter; and a microfabricated film that is disposed on a side of the second light transmitter closer to the light transmission fiber, and collects, toward the light transmission fiber, the light emitted from the fluorescent light part.

Abstract: A particle sensor is provided. The particle sensor includes a light projector that projects light to a detection area. A light receiver receives scattered light. The scattered light is light from the light projector that has been scattered by particles in the detection area. A first support supports the light receiver. A second support supports the light projector and has a linear expansion coefficient different from a linear expansion coefficient of the first support. The first support includes a first placement region in which the light receiver is disposed and a second placement region in which the second support is disposed. The first placement region and the second placement region are located at different distances from at least one of an optical axis of the light projector and an optical axis of the light receiver.

Abstract: A light-emitting apparatus includes: a radiation apparatus which includes a first laser diode and a second laser diode; a light guide which includes a first photoreceptor, a second photoreceptor, and a leak, and guides laser light received by the first photoreceptor and the second photoreceptor, the leak allowing leakage laser light to be leaked out in a direction crossing a light-guiding direction, the leakage laser light being part of the laser light; a converter which converts a wavelength of the leakage laser light leaked out of the light guide; and a detector which detects, at a non-radiation time in which laser light is not radiated, an electromotive force of the first laser diode, the electromotive force being based on laser light radiated by the second laser diode.

Abstract: A light-emitting apparatus includes: a first light guide which includes a first photoreceptor, a second photoreceptor, and a leak, the first light guide guiding light radiated by a radiation apparatus and received by the first photoreceptor and the second photoreceptor, the leak allowing leakage light to be leaked out, the leakage light being part of the light; a converter which converts a wavelength of the leakage light leaked out of the first light guide; a second light guide which is disposed along the first light guide, the second light guide guiding the light radiated by the radiation apparatus and received by a third photoreceptor to the second photoreceptor; and a protector which is tubular and in which the first light guide and the second light guide are disposed such that the first photoreceptor and the third photoreceptor are disposed at a same open end.

Abstract: A light-emitting apparatus includes a first light guide, a converter, a second light guide, and a return. The first light guide includes a first photoreceptor, a second photoreceptor, and a leak. The first light guide guides first light radiated by a radiation apparatus and received by the first photoreceptor and the second photoreceptor. The leak allows second light to be leaked out in a direction crossing a light-guiding direction. The second light is part of the first light. The converter is disposed along the first light guide and converts a wavelength of the second light leaked out of the first light guide. The second light guide does not include the leak and guides third light radiated by the radiation apparatus toward the second photoreceptor. The return returns the third light guided by the second light guide.

Abstract: This pneumatic tire has a tread part partitioned by four main grooves into a center land part, an outer intermediate land part, an inner intermediate land part, an outer shoulder land part, and an inner shoulder land part. The center land part is formed with center lug grooves in which the installation outer side is narrower than the installation inner side. The outer intermediate land part is wider than the inner intermediate land part, and the outer shoulder land part is wider than the inner shoulder land part. In the outer (inner) intermediate land part, outer (inner) intermediate first lug grooves which communicate with the main grooves on both sides, and outer (inner) intermediate second lug grooves which communicate only with the main groove on the outside (inside) in the tire width direction are alternatingly arranged in the tire circumferential direction.

Abstract: A center land part and intermediate land parts formed on the tread surface by four main grooves are partitioned in the circumferential direction of the tire only by sipes, and form block parts arranged in the circumferential direction. The acute angle parts of each of the block parts are all chamfered from the tread surface side. The chamfered width at an end part of the block part in the width direction of the tire is greater than the chamfer width at the middle part. Each ends of the sipes in an outer intermediate land part open respectively to the main grooves. The mean angle of the sipes in the outer intermediate land part is less than that in the center land part and in an inner intermediate land part. The sipes in the center land part communicate with the main groove only on the side of the vehicle installation inner side.

Abstract: An image encoding method causing a computer to execute a process, the process includes: calculating, from an encoding throughput for image data to be encoded that is obtained based on a parameter regarding an encoding throughput, and a maximum throughput of an image encoding apparatus, an available throughput that occurs in a process of encoding the image data to be encoded; allocating, in accordance with the calculated available throughput, a function of enhancing precision of encoding to the image data to be encoded; and encoding, by using the allocated function, the image data to be encoded.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a lead frame; a semiconductor chip mounted on the lead frame; and an encapsulation resin, wherein a convexo-concave portion including a plurality of concave portions is provided at a covered portion of the lead frame that is covered by the encapsulation resin, wherein the planer shape of each of the concave portions is a circle, the diameter of which is greater than or equal to 0.020 mm and less than or equal to 0.060 mm, or a polygon, the diameter of whose circumcircle is greater than or equal to 0.020 mm and less than or equal to 0.060 mm, and wherein a ratio S/S0 is greater than or equal to 1.7 where “S” is a surface area of the convexo-concave portion that is formed at a flat surface whose surface area is “S0”.