Abstract: In an ink jet recording method, one pass printing recording is performed by using two or more kinds of inks, static surface tension differences between two or more kinds of inks are all 2 mN/m or lower, and the ink having the lowest L* value is printed first, and the ink having the highest L* value is printed last.

Abstract: The ink jet ink includes pigment, first resin which has a glass-transition temperature of less than 20° C. and a weight-average molecular weight of not more than 10000, second resin which has a glass-transition temperature of not less than 23° C., and specific polyoxyalkylene glycol monoalkyl ether.

Abstract: An ink composition for ink jet recording according to the invention contains water, a coloring material, and three or more kinds of acetylene glycol-based surfactant selected from acetylene glycol represented by the following general formula (1) and an ethylene oxide adduct of acetylene glycol represented by the following general formula (2), and a total content of the acetylene glycol-based surfactant is 0.1% by mass to 3% by mass with respect to the total mass of the ink composition. (In the general formula (1), each of R1 and R2 independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.) (In the general formula (2), each of R3 and R4 independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, each of m and n independently represents an integer of 0.5 to 25, and m+n is 1 to 40.

Abstract: An ink set includes a first ink containing a fatty acid and a self-dispersing pigment, and at least either a second ink containing a resin-dispersed pigment and substantially no fatty acid or a third ink containing a self-dispersing pigment and substantially no fatty acid.

Abstract: An ink jet recording aqueous pigment ink contains a self-dispersing pigment, a quaternary amino acid, a non-polymeric, nonionic material having a melting point of 40° C. or more, and at least one of trialkylamine and trialkanolamine. The content of the non-polymeric, nonionic material is 3% to 15% by mass relative to the total mass of the ink jet recording aqueous pigment ink.

Abstract: An ink set includes a first ink containing a fatty acid and a self-dispersing pigment, and at least either a second ink containing a resin-dispersed pigment and substantially no fatty acid or a third ink containing a self-dispersing pigment and substantially no fatty acid.

Abstract: A pigment ink includes an acetylene glycol or 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, and an unsaturated fatty acid, an amino acid, an alkali metal hydroxide and an amine.

Abstract: There is provided an ink set in which at least a cyan ink, a magenta ink, and a yellow ink are provided, each ink provided in the ink set includes water, a pigment of equal to or greater than 5% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of a total amount of each of the ink, glycerin, and a betaine compound having a molecular weight of less than 120, respectively, in each of the ink, a maximum difference in a content ratio of the pigment is equal to or greater than 3.0% by mass, and a maximum difference in a content ratio of the water is equal to or less than 3.0% by mass and in each of the ink, the ink in which a content ratio of the pigment is at a maximum, the ink in which the content ratio of the water is at a maximum, and the ink in which a total content ratio of the glycerin and the betaine compound is at a maximum are the same ink.

Abstract: An ink jet recording apparatus including an ink jet head for ejecting a water-based ink from a nozzle onto a recording medium, wherein the water-based ink contains a fatty acid and a fatty acid potassium or sodium salt with which the fatty acid is emulsified and dispersed in water.

Abstract: An ink jet recording apparatus including an ink jet head for ejecting a water-based ink while moving at a speed of 0.5 m/s or more relative to a recording medium, wherein the water-based ink contains a fatty acid and a volatile alcohol, the volatile alcohol being used to emulsify the fatty acid and disperse the fatty acid in water and having a higher vapor pressure than water at 20° C.

Abstract: An ink jet recording device is provided which includes an ink jet head which has a nozzle surface where a plurality of nozzle opening ends are arranged and which ejects water-based ink from the nozzles to a recording medium and a wiping device that executes a wiping operation where the nozzle surface and a wiping member are brought into contact and the nozzle surface is wiped, where oleic acid and a dispersant for dispersing the oleic acid into water by emulsifying the oleic acid are added to the water-based ink.

Abstract: The ink jet ink includes pigment, first resin which has a glass-transition temperature of less than 20° C. and a weight-average molecular weight of not more than 10000, second resin which has a glass-transition temperature of not less than 23° C., and specific polyoxyalkylene glycol monoalkyl ether.

Abstract: An ink set includes a first ink containing a fatty acid and a self-dispersing pigment, and at least either a second ink containing a resin-dispersed pigment and substantially no fatty acid or a third ink containing a self-dispersing pigment and substantially no fatty acid.

Abstract: An ink jet recording apparatus in which an image is recorded by ejecting a pigment ink from an ink jet head on a recording surface of a recording medium, the apparatus including: a recording medium transporting unit which transports the recording medium, and a recording medium discharging unit which discharges the recording medium, wherein the recording medium discharging unit includes a discharging roller installed on the opposite side to the recording surface of the recording medium and a cylinder-shaped driven roller installed on the recording surface side of the recording medium so as to face the discharging roller, the driven roller has an electrical resistivity smaller than 108 ?cm, and is grounded, and the pigment ink has an electrical conductivity of equal to or more than 0.5 mS/m.

Abstract: An ink jet recording aqueous pigment ink contains a self-dispersing pigment, a quaternary amino acid, a non-polymeric, nonionic material having a melting point of 40° C. or more, and at least one of trialkylamine and trialkanolamine. The content of the non-polymeric, nonionic material is 3% to 15% by mass relative to the total mass of the ink jet recording aqueous pigment ink.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device according to an embodiment includes: first lines provided on a substrate; second lines provided between the first lines and the substrate so as to intersect the first lines; and a first memory cell array including first memory cells, each of the first memory cells being provided at respective intersections of the first lines and the second lines and including a current rectifying element and a variable resistor connected in series. The variable resistor of the first memory cell includes a first recording layer and a second recording layer, the first recording layer being made of an oxide of a first metal material, the second recording layer being made of the first metal material and being formed so as to contact with the first recording layer. The second recording layer is closer to the first line than the first recording layer is.

Abstract: A toner, has a number mode diameter of 3 ?m or more and 6 ?m or lower and a particle size distribution of a toner including an externally-applied agent in the range of 0.6 ?m to 400 ?m in which the number frequency of a toner smaller than the number mode diameter is smaller than the number frequency of a toner equal to or larger than the number mode diameter.

Abstract: A pigment ink includes an acetylene glycol or 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, and an unsaturated fatty acid, an amino acid, an alkali metal hydroxide and an amine.

Abstract: A developing device and an image forming apparatus which can form a printing image having high resolution and a high quality level, while resolving various problems resulted from the use of small particle size toner particles are provided. The developing device includes a toner constituted of resin base particles containing a coloring agent and a binder resin, and silicone oil and/or fluoro oil added to the resin base particles, a toner receiving portion for receiving the toner, and a developing roller having an outer peripheral surface and an irregularity section for carrying the toner, the irregularity section formed on the outer peripheral surface and including a plurality of depression portions and/or protrusion portions provided regularly and uniformly, wherein an average particle size of the resin base particles in volume basis is in the range of 2 to 4 ?m, and an added amount of the silicone oil and/or fluoro oil to the resin base particles is in the range of 0.05 to 2 mass %.

Abstract: A semiconductor device has a semiconductor substrate, and a capacitor which is provided on the upper side of the semiconductor substrate and composed of a lower electrode, an upper electrode and a dielectric film, the dielectric film being placed in between the lower electrode and the upper electrode, the lower electrode including a noble metal film, and a plurality of conductive oxide films formed in an islands arrangement on the noble metal film.