Abstract: A first signal representation of one or more of the multiple channels is encoded (S1) in a first encoding process, and a second signal representation of one or more of the multiple channels is encoded (S2) in a second, filter-based encoding process. Filter smoothing can be used to reduce the effects of coding artifacts. However, conventional filter smoothing generally leads to a rather large performance reduction and is therefore not widely used. It has been recognized that coding artifacts are perceived as more annoying than temporary reduction in stereo width, and that they are especially annoying when the coding filter provides a poor estimate of the target signal; the poorer the estimate, the more disturbing artifacts. Therefore, signal-adaptive filter smoothing (S3) is introduced in the second encoding process or a corresponding decoding process as a new general concept for solving the problems of the prior art.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatuses for use in performing a quantitative analysis of a turbid pharmaceutical sample, e.g. a tablet, a capsule or a similar sample forming a pharmaceutical dose. A pharmaceutical, turbid sample (24, 57, 67) is irradiated with an excitation beam (20, 53, 64) of radiation, e.g. near infrared radiation. The intensity of emitted radiation (30) from the sample (24, 57, 67) is detected as function of both the wavelength of the emitted radiation and the photon propagation time through said sample (24, 57, 67). Optionally, the intensity of the emitted radiation (30) from the sample (24, 57, 67) is also detected in a spatially resolved manner.

Abstract: The invention provides an efficient technique for encoding a multi-channel audio signal. The invention relies on the principle of encoding (S1) a signal representation of one or more of the multiple channels in a first encoding process, and encoding another signal representation of one or more channels in a second, filter-based encoding process. A basic idea according to the invention is to select (S2), for the second encoding process, a combination of i) frame division configuration of an overall encoding frame into a set of sub-frames, and ii) filter length for each sub-frame, according to a predetermined criterion. The second signal representation is then encoded (S3) in each sub-frame of the overall encoding frame according to the selected combination. The possibility to select frame division configuration and at the same time adjust the filter length for each sub-frame provides added degrees of freedom, and generally results in improved performance.

Abstract: A transmitting unit has a transmitter for transmitting signals of coded information about a position close to the unit in a space substantially unreachable by a satellite-based navigating system so as to provide a receiver arranged on a moving object present in said space with this position information for determining the position of the object. The transmitter is adapted to normally be in an inactive non-transmitting state, and the unit further comprises means adapted to detect movement of an object within a space and activate the transmitter to transmit signals only when movement of an object in the space is detected.

Abstract: A distributor for a system for interactive interstitial photodynamic and photothermal tumor therapy and tumor diagnosis, comprises a plurality of primary radiation conductors arranged for conducting radiation to and from the tumor site, a plurality of secondary radiation conductors, two flat discs abutting against each other, wherein a first of said discs is fixed and the second of said discs is turnable relatively to the other disc, and each disc has holes arranged on a circular line. The proximal ends of the primary radiation conductors are fixed in the holes of the fixed disc and distal ends of the secondary radiation conductors are fixed in the holes of the turnable disc, whereby the primary and the secondary radiation conductors by rotation of the turnable disc are connectable to each other in different constellations.

Abstract: An existing communications device, such as a WAP-enabled mobile phone or other device, can be used as an authentication token. This has the advantage that WAP-enabled devices include components which are used in public key/private key cryptographic systems as a part of their standard communication functions. These components therefore advantageously allow the device to be used as an authentication token when communicating with a remote server.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for providing an afterburner fuel-feed arrangement including an elongate fuel spraybar for distributing fuel to the afterburner section of a turbo-combustion engine. The spraybar has a longitudinal axis and includes a fuel-receiving spray head in fluid communication with a plurality of elongate fuel pipes surrounded by an elongate, aerodynamic-shaped shroud. The spray head is configured to be mounted in a casing of a turbo-combustion engine which projects the surrounded fuel pipes into an interior through-core of the engine in cross-wise orientation to a core gas flow thereof. The shroud has an interior lateral sidewall that includes a pipe-receiving portion configured to abuttingly engage a corresponding shroud-engaging portion of an exterior surface of one of the fuel pipes. The pipe-receiving portion is configured to substantially radially fix a fuel pipe, received therein, relative to the shroud.

Abstract: An air-bag arrangement includes an air-bag and a gas generator to supply gas to inflate the air-bag. The gas generator is hingedly connected to a support and is hingedly movable between a closed position in which the gas generator extends across and closes an aperture and a second position in which the apertured is opened to permit the flow of gas from the air-bag. The gas generator is initially retained in position by a retainer the retainer being actuable, in response to a signal, to enable the gas generator to move hingedly to the open position.

Abstract: An application is loaded into a device, such as downloading an application into a portable device, such as a mobile telephone, by downloading the application with a signature to the device. The signature of the application is coupled to a predefined attribute certificate stored in the device. The application and said attribute certificate are then installed together. The signature of the application may be coupled to a root certificate that in turn links the application to a predefined attribute certificate.

Abstract: A steering-wheel has an air-bag in it mounted in position by means of connecting pins which are received within housings provided on the frame of the steering-wheel adjacent of the hub of the steering-wheel. The periphery of a cover of the air-bag unit is provided with a moulded bead with co-operates with locating pins provided on the steering-wheel frame adjacent to the end of the cover so that the cover is maintained in a desired position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for analysing the amount of free gas within a pharmaceutical sample. According to the invention the method comprises the following steps: providing a sample before an irradiating source; irradiating the sample with at least one beam of electromagnetic radiation; detecting radiation emitted through the sample and generating signals corresponding to the amount of free gas in the sample, and correlating the generated signals to at least one solid state parameter of the sample.

Abstract: Authentication of an electronic communication apparatus capable of communicating data messages with a server according to a synchonization protocol includes providing an authentication method indicator that specifies an authentication method according to which the authentication is to be executed. The authentication method indicator is incorporated into a message that includes a plurality of authentication capabilities of the communication apparatus. The message is transmitted to the server according to an authentication protocol of the synchronization protocol.

Abstract: A distributor for a system for interactive interstitial photodynamic tumour therapy and/or photothermal tumour therapy and/or tumour diagnosis, comprises a plurality of first radiation conductors arranged for conducting radiation to and from the tumour site, a plurality of second radiation conductors, two flat discs abutting against each other, wherein a first of said discs is fixed and the second of said discs is turnable relatively to the other disc, and each disc has holes arranged on a circular line. The first ends of the first radiation conductors are fixed in the holes of the fixed disc and first ends of the second radiation conductors are fixed in the holes of the turnable disc, whereby the first and the second radiation conductors by rotation of the turnable disc are connectable to each other in different constellations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and a method for emitting plane laser light to biological tissue, wherein in high power lasers are modulated in order to provide an output beam consisting of high temporal and/or spatial coherence and at the same time is capable of delivering an output beam having a high power when being delivered through fibres having a core diameter of less than 400 &mgr;m. The method and system may in particular be used for photodynamic treatment (PDT) Optical fibers and/or thermal treatment. In a preferred embodiment the system and method also includes a monitoring system for the effect actually delivered to the biological tissue. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method of treatment using the system, as well as a method for diagnosing using the system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatuses for use in performing a quantitative analysis of a turbid pharmaceutical sample, e.g. a tablet, a capsule or a similar sample forming a pharmaceutical dose. A pharmaceutical, turbid sample (24, 57, 67) is irradiated with an excitation beam (20, 53, 64) of radiation, e.g. near infrared radiation. The intensity of emitted radiation (30) from the sample (24, 57, 67) is detected as function of both the wavelength of the emitted radiation and the photon propagation time through said sample (24, 57, 67). Optionally, the intensity of the emitted radiation (30) from the sample (24, 57, 67) is also detected in a spatially resolved manner.

Abstract: This invention relates to a random number generator that receives a number of input bits based on at least one random or pseudo-random source. The bits are compressed according to a compression scheme like Ziv-Lempel in order to enhance the entropy and randomness of the random source(s). Additionally, any eventual problem regarding drifting statistical characteristics, e.g. due to temperature change, aging of components, etc. is minimised/eliminated. In this way a random number generator is provided that generates high quality random numbers securely and efficiently. This invention also relates to a corresponding method for generating at least one random number based on a hardware source/unit.

Abstract: Transurethral catheter (10) for the heat treatment of body tissue surrounding the catheter, including an elongated light carrier (11). A light receiving and light distributing elongated light probe (12) is operatively connected to said light carrier (11), and the light probe (12) comprises light reflecting surfaces (13) for preventing received light from escaping from the probe (12). At least one light emitting section (14) is formed in the probe (12) for emitting light into said body tissue.

Abstract: A mobile communications device includes a fingerprint scanner for generating a scanned fingerprint output data responsive to a scanned fingerprint. The scanned fingerprint output is compared to a reference fingerprint pattern such that a code memo application containing a plurality of data entries each having an associated identifier may be temporarily accessed during a selected period of time if the scanned fingerprint output data matches the reference fingerprint pattern. During the selected period, one of the plurality of data entries may be selected and inserted into a dialog.

Abstract: An optical connector includes a supporting block, a pair of guide pins protruding from the supporting block for mating with a connecting component, and an array of active optical components recessed into the supporting block so that a void is present between the active optical components and optic fibers carried by the connecting component. A transparent filler material the void and provides a light path between the active optical components and the optic fibers.

Abstract: A communications device, which has a cryptographic module for use in mobile communications, can be used as a cryptographic services provider. For example, the device may be a device which can operate under the Wireless Application Protocol, that is, a WAP-enabled device, such as a mobile phone. This has the advantage that WAP-enabled devices include components which are used in public key/private key cryptographic systems as a part of their standard communication functions. These components therefore advantageously allow the device to be used as a cryptographic services provider. Advantageously, the device can use Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS) for mobile communications, and employs its cryptographic module when in use as a cryptographic services provider.