Abstract: Processes for the disproportionation and isomerization of a C4 hydrocarbon feed using a liquid catalyst comprising an ionic liquid and a carbocation promoter are described. The ionic liquid is unsupported, and the reactions occur at temperatures below about 300° C.

Abstract: Processes for the disproportionation and isomerization of a C7 hydrocarbon feed using a liquid catalyst comprising an ionic liquid and a carbocation promoter are described. The ionic liquid is unsupported, and the reactions occur at temperatures below about 200° C.

Abstract: Processes for the disproportionation and isomerization of a C5 hydrocarbon feed using a liquid catalyst comprising an ionic liquid and a carbocation promoter are described. The ionic liquid is unsupported, and the reactions occur at temperatures below about 200° C.

Abstract: Disclosed is an arc flash protection, multiple-use nonwoven fabric structure comprising one or more layers having fire resistant properties. The fabric structure has an arc flash facing nonwoven surface, and a nonwoven part of the fabric structure comprises non-inherent, and/or inherently fire resistant fibers, said fibers being mechanically, chemically, or thermally bonded, whereby the fabric structure has a minimum Arc Thermal Protection Value (ATPV) to fabric basis weight ratio of 250 cal/g, preferably greater than 350 cal/g, more preferably greater than 500 cal/g, when measured in accordance with ASTM F1959—Standard Test Method for Determining the Arc Rating of Materials for Clothing, and the fabric structure maintains said ATPV to fabric basis weight ratio through at least 25 washing cycles when washed according to AATCC Method 135 (3, IV, A iii).

Abstract: An optical instrument (10) has a drop-supporting surface for receiving a droplet (98) of liquid with a cover (16) mounted on the housing (12) which receives a light source and provides communication between the light source (114) and the inner surface of the cover. A loading aperture (24) extending through the cover permits access to the drophead when the cover is in a first rotational loading position, and the cover may be rotated to a measurement position in which the light source is positioned to illuminate the drop-supporting surface. A positioning mechanism provided between the cover an the housing engages the cover when it reaches the measurement position and thereby ensures that the light source and drop-supporting surface are maintained in fixed spaced-apart relationship.

Abstract: An analyzer comprising a source of electromagnetic radiation, a detector for said radiation and a drophead comprising a surface which is adapted to receive a drop of liquid to be tested, the drophead being positioned in use relative to the source and detector to illuminate a drop received thereon and to cause an interaction in the path of the electromagnetic radiation between the source and detector, characterized in that said surface of said drophead is dimensioned to constrain the drop to adopt a shape which is dominated more by surface tension forces than by gravitational forces.

Abstract: The invention provides a polymer support characterized in that the polymer is 6-amino 6-deoxy chitosan. Metal-immobilized 6-amino 6-deoxy chitosan is further provided, more particularly including one of Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh Ir, Os, Mn, Ni, Co and Fe in all their possible oxidation states complexed to 6-amino 6-deoxy chitosan through a Schiff-base ligand.

Abstract: The present invention provides one or more antigens from the fourth stage (L4) larvae of non-blood feeding parasitic nematodes, for raising an immune responses in an animals, in particular bovines. The invention further provides methods of making immunogenic and/or vaccine compositions.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices provide for fast and power efficient transfer of three color data words (e.g., a M-bit red color word, a M bit green color word and a M-bit blue color word) per pixel from a controller to a laser diode driver (LDD). First and second transfer words are produced based on the three color data words. The first transfer word is transferred from the controller to the LDD and stored at LDD in response to a low-to-high portion of a cycle of a data transfer clock, and the second transfer word is transferred and stored in response to a high-to-low portion of a cycle of the data transfer clock. The first, second and third color data words are reproduced by the LDD in dependence on the first and second received transfer words. First, second and third DACs of the LDD are driven with the first color data word, the second color data word, and the third color data word. Three light sources (e.g., red, green and blue laser diodes or LEDs) are driven with output currents of the DACs.

Abstract: The invention provides a polymer support characterised in that the polymer is 6-amino 6-deoxy chitosan. Metal-immobilised 6-amino 6-deoxy chitosan is further provided, more particularly including one of Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh Ir, Os, Mn, Ni, Co and Fe in all their possible oxidation states complexed to 6-amino 6-deoxy chitosan through a Schiff-base ligand.

Abstract: A hybrid LDD includes a read channel to selectively output a read current, a plurality of write channels, each to selectively output a different write current, and an oscillator channel to selectively output an oscillator current. Additionally, the hybrid LDD includes programmable LDD controller that receives the plurality of enable signals from the external controller, and based on the enable signals, controls timing of the currents output by at least the write channels. The programmable LDD controller can also control timing of the currents output by the read and oscillator channels, based on the enable signals. Further and alternative embodiments are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arc flash protection, multiple-use nonwoven fabric structure comprising one or more layers having fire resistant properties. The fabric structure has an arc flash facing nonwoven surface, and a nonwoven part of the fabric structure comprises non-inherent, and/or inherently fire resistant fibers, said fibers being mechanically, chemically, or thermally bonded, whereby the fabric structure has a minimum Arc Thermal Protection Value (ATPV) to fabric basis weight ratio of 250 cal/g, preferably greater than 350 cal/g, more preferably greater than 500 cal/g when measured in accordance with ASTM F1959—Standard Test Method for Determining the Arc Rating of Materials for Clothing, and the fabric structure maintains said ATPV to fabric basis weight ratio through at least 25 washing cycles when washed according to AATCC Method 135 (3, 1V, A iii).

Abstract: A hybrid LDD includes a read channel to selectively output a read current, a plurality of write channels, each to selectively output a different write current, and an oscillator channel to selectively output an oscillator current. Additionally, the hybrid LDD includes programmable LDD controller that receives the plurality of enable signals from the external controller, and based on the enable signals, controls timing of the currents output by at least the write channels. The programmable LDD controller can also control timing of the currents output by the read and oscillator channels, based on the enable signals. Further and alternative embodiments are also provided.

Abstract: An improved oven is aimed at optimizing heat transfer and delivering an optimal cooking efficiency in comparison to conventional high-speed cooking ovens. The oven includes tubes that generate plume arrays of a heated gas and introduce them into a cooking chamber of the oven. The tubes may be removably located at the bottom of the cooking chamber of the oven. The tubes are dimensioned for hot air impingement to tighten impingement plume arrays, subject to the space constraints of the oven's cooking chamber. With the optimized cooking efficiency provided by the present invention, high-speed cooking technology may now be extended to ovens operating on a power supply based on a voltage less than 220 volts, preferably between 110 and 125 volts, with more productive results, so that the high-speed cooking technology may find wider applicability and a broader customer base.

Abstract: A hybrid LDD includes a read channel to selectively output a read current, a plurality of write channels, each to selectively output a different write current, and an oscillator channel to selectively output an oscillator current. Additionally, the hybrid LDD includes programmable LDD controller that receives the plurality of enable signals from the external controller, and based on the enable signals, controls timing of the currents output by at least the write channels. The programmable LDD controller can also control timing of the currents output by the read and oscillator channels, based on the enable signals. Further and alternative embodiments are also provided.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices provide for fast and power efficient transfer of three color data words (e.g., a M-bit red color word, a M bit green color word and a M-bit blue color word) per pixel from a controller to a laser diode driver (LDD). First and second transfer words are produced based on the three color data words. The first transfer word is transferred from the controller to the LDD and stored at LDD in response to a low-to-high portion of a cycle of a data transfer clock, and the second transfer word is transferred and stored in response to a high-to-low portion of a cycle of the data transfer clock. The first, second and third color data words are reproduced by the LDD in dependence on the first and second received transfer words. First, second and third DACs of the LDD are driven with the first color data word, the second color data word, and the third color data word. Three light sources (e.g., red, green and blue laser diodes or LEDs) are driven with output currents of the DACs.

Abstract: An analyser comprising a source of electromagnetic radiation, a detector for said radiation and a drophead comprising a surface which is adapted to receive a drop of liquid to be tested, the drophead being positioned in use relative to the source and detector to illuminate a drop received thereon and to cause an interaction in the path of the electromagnetic radiation between the source and detector, characterised in that said surface of said drophead is dimensioned to constrain the drop to adopt a shape which is dominated more by surface tension forces than by gravitational forces.

Abstract: A tensiographic drophead comprises a quartz body 10 having a terminal surface 18 with a peripheral drop suspension edge 20. A liquid feed bore 14 extends through the body for supplying a liquid to the terminal surface to form a drop 32 whose outer edges are suspended from the suspension edge 20. At least two light guides 26, 28 extend through the body for respectively transmitting light into and collecting light reflected internally from the drop. The light guides terminate above the plane containing the suspension edge such that the intensity of the reflected light has a significant second order reflection peak.

Abstract: A shredding machine is disclosed which is particularly suitable for domestic or office use in shredding papers or the like. The machine comprises a feed aperture arranged above an electric cutting mechanism, the feed aperture preferably taking the form of a feed slot. The machine is characterised by the provision of an actuating element which is moveable, preferably in a pivotal manner, between a first position in which the actuating element permits energisation of the cutting mechanism, and a second position in which the actuating element prevents energisation of the cutting mechanism.

Abstract: A shredder arrangement comprising a housing defining a feed slot for receiving sheet material inserted by a user; a cutting mechanism for shredding the sheet material inserted through the feed slot, and a protective guard for positioning across the feed slot to prevent relatively rigid sheet material from striking the user during shredding of such sheet material, the guard defining an aperture allowing said sheet material to be inserted through the guard and into the feed slot; wherein the protective guard is moveable between a first configuration and a second configuration to symmetrically adjust the size of the aperture.