Abstract: There are provided a light emitting diode (LED) driving apparatus and an LED lighting apparatus, in which a common detection resistor detecting a current flowing in each LED is used. According to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, manufacturing costs and a circuit area may be reduced by commonly using a common detection resistor detecting a current flowing in each of the LEDs.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices are provided. The semiconductor device may include a control signal generator and a fuse array portion. The control signal generator may generate a power control signal, disable the power control signal to a ground voltage signal level during a power-up period, and enable the power control signal to a power supply voltage signal level from a moment that the power-up period terminates until a moment that a mode register set operation terminates. The fuse array portion may execute a boot-up operation while the power control signal is enabled. The fuse array portion may generate fuse data according to an electrical open/short state of a fuse. The fuse may be selected by a level combination of address signals during the boot-up operation.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a fuse array for storing normal fuse data and pattern data through a programming operation, a boot-up control unit suitable for generating an enable signal for enabling an output of the pattern data, and a pattern detection unit suitable for detecting a pattern of the pattern data in response to the enable signal, and generating a detection signal. The fuse array outputs the normal fuse data in response to the detection signal.

Abstract: A power supply device of an electronic device including: a body formed to wear or to carry in a user body; a support groove formed in an upper portion of the body and that receives the electronic device; an insertion groove formed to insert from the outside to the inside of the body; a battery inserted into the insertion groove and that charges power applied from the outside and that charges the electronic device through charged power; a first through hole punched in the support groove so that the electronic device and the battery contact; and a pressing portion that presses to enclose the electronic device received in the support groove and that is provided to receive in the body regardless of a shape or a size of the electronic device.

Abstract: The present application relates to a swelling tape and a method of filling a gap. The swelling tape is, for example, applied in gaps in which a fluid is present and deformed into a three-dimensional shape to fill the gaps and fix in place objects separated by gaps as needed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and a method of fabricating the same, the device including a substrate having a transistor formed thereon; a plurality of lower electrodes formed on the substrate; a first supporter and a second supporter on the plurality of lower electrodes; a dielectric film formed on the lower electrode, the first supporter, and the second supporter; and an upper electrode formed on the dielectric film, wherein the first and second supporters are positioned between the lower electrodes, and the first and second supporters include a first material and a second material.

Abstract: Provided is a stretched laminate for manufacturing a thin polarizer while increasing the degree of orientation of a polyvinyl alcohol-iodine complex without problems such as breakage. In addition, there are provided a method of manufacturing a thin polarizer having superior optical characteristics by using the stretched laminate, a thin polarizer manufactured by the method, and a polarizing plate including the thin polarizer.

Abstract: Provided is a method for separating a nanogenerator, which includes laminating a buffer layer on a sacrificial substrate, making a nanogenerator on the buffer layer, laminating a metal layer on the nanogenerator and separating the nanogenerator from the buffer layer. Here, a nanogenerator is separated by using a stress difference between the sacrificial substrate and the metal layer, instead of an existing method in which a nanogenerator is separated from the sacrificial substrate by means of wet etching or the like. In particular, according to a difference between a tensile stress at the metal layer such as nickel and a compressive stress at the lower silicon substrate, the nanogenerator is intactly separated from the silicon oxide layer serving as a buffer layer. Therefore, the nanogenerator may be separated from the sacrificial substrate in a mechanical way, which is safer and more economic in comparison to an existing chemical separation method using an etching solution.

Abstract: An operation method of a semiconductor memory device including a fuse array for storing one or more repair addresses includes latching additionally a repair address having an address value, which is not stored in the fuse array in response to an active command signal during a repair operation mode, receiving a repair entry control code from an external device in response to a first column command signal during the repair operation mode, performing a rupture operation of the repair address, which is latched, in response to a second column command signal, wherein the rupture operation is determined based on a value of a repair entry control code, and performing exit of the repair operation mode in response to a precharge command signal, which is provided after the second column command signal.

Abstract: The invention discloses a press die for electrically assisted manufacturing performing plastic working at a relatively lower temperature than hot working by using an electroplasticity effect that a flow stress inside a material is reduced when a current is applied to the material, the press die for electrically assisted manufacturing comprising: an upper die and a lower die configured to be disposed at upper and lower portions, having the material disposed therebetween; and at least one electrode pair configured to be disposed in the upper die or the lower die, wherein the electrode pair is configured so that electrodes having different polarities in a width direction of the material face each other.

Abstract: There are provided a light emitting diode (LED) driving apparatus and an LED lighting apparatus, in which a common detection resistor detecting a current flowing in each LED is used. According to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, manufacturing costs and a circuit area may be reduced by commonly using a common detection resistor detecting a current flowing in each of the LEDs.

Abstract: An operation method of a semiconductor memory device including a fuse array for storing one or more repair addresses includes latching additionally a repair address having an address value, which is not stored in the fuse array in response to an active command signal during a repair operation mode, receiving a repair entry control code from an external device in response to a first column command signal during the repair operation mode, performing a rupture operation of the repair address, which is latched, in response to a second column command signal, wherein the rupture operation is determined based on a value of a repair entry control code, and performing exit of the repair operation mode in response to a precharge command signal, which is provided after the second column command signal.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for driving a light emitting diode (LED), capable of distributing current stress applied to the LED. The apparatus includes an LED part including a plurality of LED units respectively including at least one LED, the plurality of LED units being connected in parallel to a power input terminal to which rectified power in sine wave form is supplied, and, among the plurality of LED units connected in parallel, a termination end of the LED unit in a front end being connected to a middle of an adjacent LED unit; and a current source unit including a plurality of current sources respectively connected to termination ends of the plurality of LED units and allowing corresponding current to flow through the plurality of LED units.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method for automating a smart grid interoperability test and verification. It is possible to allow a tester to easily establish a test environment needed to test a CIM interoperability by providing a function that allows a tester to directly set and create a test node, a CIM test sequence, and a test sequence metadata, and it is also possible to reduce time and cost taken to test and verify the CIM interoperability by automatically compare and analyze a CIM message monitored in an actual test process with CIM message metadata set in a test scenario creation stage.

Abstract: A method for formatting a signal in a mobile communication system by appending a plurality of medium access control headers to a plurality of medium access control-service data units for data transfer between a mobile station and network in the mobile communication system. If the service data units have the same characteristics, a medium access control-protocol data unit is formed by successively coupling the service data units to any one of the medium access control headers. If the service data units have different characteristics, the protocol data unit is formed by sequentially coupling each of the service data units and each of the medium access control headers. The formed protocol data unit is then transformed into a transport block with a predetermined size.

Abstract: Techniques are presented herein for reducing network congestion in data center environments. A controller device in a network receives a registration request from a physical switch device and from a virtual switch that is hosted by a server device in the network. The controller device registers the physical switch device such that the controller device is able to send configuration messages to the physical switch device. The controller device also registers the virtual switch such that the controller device is able to receive mapping information from the virtual switch. The controller device receives from the virtual switch the mapping information comprising Media Access Control address information of one or more virtual machines that are in communication with the virtual switch. The mapping information is stored in a database maintained by the controller device.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including an internal command generator and a bias generator is provided. The internal command generator generates first to fourth internal command signals sequentially enabled in synchronization with pulses of an external program signal. The first internal command signal controls a read operation for reading out data stored in memory cells, and the second and third internal command signals control a program operation for programming the memory cells. The bias generator generates a read bias signal for controlling a level of an output voltage signal, which is applied to an internal circuit, in response to the first and fourth internal command signals.

Abstract: There is provided a light emitting diode driving apparatus capable of supplying a constant average current to a light emitting diode by generating a reference voltage used for driving the light emitting diode according to input power and a switching signal switching a path of a current supplied to the light emitting diode. The light emitting diode driving apparatus includes: a reference voltage generating unit generating a reference voltage set based on input power and a switching signal for supplying driving power to a light emitting diode; and a driving unit supplying the driving power to the light emitting diode according to the reference voltage.

Abstract: An self-refresh control circuit for controlling a self-refresh operation of a memory device includes a self-refresh control logic block configured to control the memory device to perform the self-refresh operation and an initial refresh control block configured to activate the self-refresh control logic block in an initialization period of the memory device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for managing application context is provided. A first one of a plurality of terminals, each including at least one application, collects and transmits context information of the application to a migration server so that it is stored and managed in the migration server. The migration server transmits the stored and managed context information to a second terminal corresponding to the first terminal in response to a request of the second terminal. The second terminal restores context based on the context information received from the migration server. This can reproduce the same application and desktop environments as those previously set to be suitable for each work situation, thereby increasing user convenience.